Neutrophil ihlukene - abavikeli yethu

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaziya igazi ebezidinga ibalwa WBC, isb iphesenti amakilasi ahlukahlukene of leukocyte egazini. Iningi leukocyte ku omdala ikufomula zimumethe neutrophil ihlukene (cishe 70%). Ziyakwazi - Zingamashumi main ingxenye.

Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi zihlukaniswe ezinkulu uchungechunge ezimbili: granulocytes (luyimbudumbudu) kanye agranulocytes (kungekho okusanhlamvu). Granulocytes, zona selihlukene laba neutrophil nama eosinophils futhi basophils. Uhlobo ngalunye cell has a okusanhlamvu specific cytoplasm futhi liqukethe izici ayo ekhethekile.

Wonke amaseli we granulocytic uchungechunge ekuthuthukisweni yayo ngokusebenzisa izigaba ukuthuthukiswa myeloblasts, ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge Lesisemkhatsini beya amaseli ukugwaza futhi ihlukene leukocyte. Lokhu kubhekiswe kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu granulocytes - ukuba ama-neutrophil eosinophils futhi basophils. Ngo igazi neuropathy ngokujwayelekile atholakala kuphela neutrophil hlaba futhi ihlukene. Amaseli abasebasha asezindaweni igazi umnkantsha kuphela izifo ezinzima.

Stab neutrophiles ukuma ezahlukene kuyi-nucleus yengqamuzana. Umnyombo sokuqala flat, olufana Wand lwalugobile. Umnyombo yesibili sehlukaniswe nokuminyaniseka akhethekile amaningana (2-4) izingxenye. I cytoplasm lamaseli ngesineke pink. It has a okusanhlamvu brown esihle. Ngo izifo ezithathelwanayo neutrophil graininess iba ezinkudlwana, futhi okwesibhakabhaka (okuthiwa lobumbudumbudu toxigenic). Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu kuyizimpawu ukuvuvukala.

Umsebenzi, okuyinto eyenziwa neutrophiles angahlaba emzimbeni ivikelwe kusukela ezinhlayiyeni angaphandle, amagciwane, isikhunta namagciwane. Granulocytes abe umsebenzi phagocytic. Lezi elimbudumbudu aqukethe ethize enzyme myeloperoxidase kuthuthukisa umphumela izinto elwa namagciwane. Neutrophil kungaba ngenkuthalo ukuhambisa njengesigaba esiphambili kulezo ukuvuvukala.

Inani ihlukene neutrophil nezinye amaseli leukocyte ifomula okuhambelana yobudala kwezinkambiso. Ngakho, ngo-izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5 ubuswa lymphocyte futhi neutrophil abanalo angaphezu kuka-30%. Isibalo band neutrophil imali evamile 1-6%. Ukwanda kwenani neutrophil kuhambisana izifo ezihlukahlukene futhi libizwa neutrophilia.

Ngokuvamile neutrophilia esihambisana Imininingwane ukwanda leukocyte. Kuyinto ngokuvamile neutrophil angahlaba kunyuke kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi igazi yezifo ezinzima avele amaseli beya - metamyelocytes (abasha) kanye myelocytes. inombolo ekhulile yemiphumela band amaseli, myelocytes futhi metamyelocytes ukubukeka ngokuthi shift kwesokunxele leukocyte. shift ifomula ngokuvamile kuhlangene obhekwe lembudumbudu toxigenic ukugwaza futhi ihlukene neutrophil futhi basophils cytoplasm yabo.

Izinguquko ezinjalo, ngakho ezihambisana neutrophil acute isifo ukuvuvukala, ukushaqeka uthi, infarction, intoxications ahlukahlukene. Ikakhulukazi liphinyiselwe shift kwesokunxele okungamahlala wegazi myelocytic. Kulesi isifo, ihlukene neutrophil bese wehlise ngokucijile njengoba amaphesenti futhi ngokuya ngokuphelele. Ngo ifomula yibona hlaba futhi amaseli abonisa ukungavuthwa. Ukunciphisa inani neutrophil ihlukene kuholela yokuthi esivikelo umsebenzi leukocyte incipha. It esongela kwalokho izifo eziningi.

Ukuncishiswa neutrophil ihlukene kanye nebhendi libizwa neutropenia. It ngokuvamile kwenzeka ku isizinda ukwehla jikelele amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. isimo esinjalo kwenzeka izifo ezingamahlalakhona kanye viral, ngokuvamile ngemva kokwamukela cytostatics, ngemva ukwelashwa ngemisebe, izifo igazi ezifana agranulocytosis futhi anaemia aplastic.

Ngakho, indima neutrophil ihlukene kuvikela umuntu ezifweni. Ngo yezifo eziningana inyuka compensatory. Lokhu kubonakala ushintsho isilinganiso lamaseli ifomula kwegazi.