Museum of Fine Arts. Kunsthistorisches Museum. Vienna ezikhangayo

Ngo-1891 e Vienna wavula Museum yezindaba zemihla Art. Nakuba empeleni sase sikhona kakade 1889.

Ngubani yakhelwe?

Kwathengwa isakhiwo esiyisitezi omkhulu futhi waba muhle isitayela Renaissance ngokushesha waba omunye amakhadi ibhizinisi ye-dolobha yoMbuso Austro-Hungarian. Museum, efana nezinye izikhungo ezifanayo e-Europe, iye ikhishwe ngesisekelo ukuqoqwa wobukhosi art zobuciko. I sakhiwo elaklanywa futhi lakhiwa umakhi abadumile European Gottfried Semper.

Wazama ukwenza ingaphakathi izakhi isakhiwo esivela koMbuso WaseRoma, yimuphi uyajabula kakhulu imithetho yombusi Austro-Hungarian ababone kule ibhekisela ngokuqhubeka Inkazimulo njengombusi woMbuso Ongcwele WamaRoma.

Lapho kuba?

Art Museum e Vienna itholakala endaweni Marii Terezii, eduze uhlukanise epaki kahle landscaped, futhi kukhona lesikhumbuzo ukuze iNdlovukazi.

AbakwaHabsburg, zangekhulu nanhlanu, eqoqwe ekumeni umndeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi monarchic lwamakhosi ababusi wathenga imidwebo ngabaculi odumile ngesikhathi sakhe. Lapho yokuthola Igumbi imidwebo iqoqo sekube ngasuthi ndawo, uMbusi Franz Joseph kanye necebo umbono ukwakha isakhiwo ehlukile isitoreji imisebenzi ezingavamile yobuciko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubona izithombe Yenguquko, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu lasendulo nezinye izinsalela eyigugu eqoqwe phakathi namakhulu eminyaka yi Habsburg lwamakhosi, uzokwazi khona. Yomphakathi ukubuka izithombe kwase kutholakala lapho Marii Terezii.

incazelo

Lesi sakhiwo Museum grand ngempela. Ukwakhiwa ngesimo unxantathu ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele elihle Dome ubukhulu kwamamitha ayisithupha. Ngaphakathi kuba ihholo Museum ayisishiyagalolunye nanye, hhayi obala izindlu. Ngaphambi isakhiwo ngokubabazekayo futhi amahle kukhona utshani ezinkulu kahle igcinwe, ku ezimila ehlathini, ngobunono ukusikiwa esime imibuthano, amasilinda nokunye okunjalo.

Basuke ehlakazekile yonkana utshani, kukhona nenqwaba isikhala oluhlaza enikeza isikhala Museum is elicwengiweyo kakhulu, look nenhle. isakhiwo Emikhulu ngokwawo nezifiselekayo ukusho lutho yengcebo eqoqwe yobuciko kuwo.

nemibukiso

Vienna Museum of Art Umlando ziphephile kwalethwa kusuka kwamanye engcebeni abakwaHabsburg. Ngakho, kusukela Kunstkammer, elise Prague Castle, ziphuthunyiswe Vienna ezinye izithombe ababebuthene uMbusi Rudolf II. imidwebo Ayigugu baba esichasiselweni ezikhanga kakhulu Kunsthistorisches Museum.

Kusukela castle Ambras zazinikezwa imidwebo eqoqwe yinoma iNkosana uFerdinand II. Leopold Wilhelm, njengoba umbusi Southern Netherlands, wathenga Umdwebo endalini e Brussels. Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, mina wabutha iqoqo olunzulu kakhulu futhi okunenjongo emidwebo amakhosi amakhulu umdwebo - Rubens, Tintoretto, Titian, Van Eyck nabanye. Ubuciko History Museum wayekhuliswe ezidumile futhi eminye imisebenzi izinqaba eziningi, izigodlo, zobuciko, okuqondene abakwaHabsburg.

I Austrians babekwazi ukulondoloza zamagugu ayo abizayo nge e-wokuQala nowesiBili neMpi Yezwe. Expropriated ngo-1918 ziphephile Museum sika bayiswa State. isakhiwo Ikakhulukazi eqinile Museum yomlando yobuciko lilimele ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Nokho, izakhamuzi Vienna bakwazi ukunakekela imisebenzi emangalisayo art. Bayisusile ukuqaphela kanye nengcebo efihliweyo elingenakuqhathaniswa isiko emhlabeni ngaphambi nje kokugqashuka kwempi. Kunsthistorisches Museum e Vienna isivuliwe emashumini ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, ngo-1959.

amagugu asendulo neHholo waseGibhithe

Ubukisa bayo basendulo kakhulu, akusiyo kuphela imidwebo Yenguquko, kodwa futhi imisebenzi lasendulo yobuciko, ogama yobudala ifinyelele eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezine. Ngokwesibonelo, ebaziwe ikhanda, lokwatholakala ngesikhathi ukumba e Giza iminyaka eyikhulu edlule.

Kukholakala ukuthi yayenzelwe phakathi nokubusa uFaro Cheops. By the way, Museum ine ihholo olubanzi elalinikezelwe waseGibhithe indaba ephathwayo. Inama zombili ethempelini baseGibhithe lasendulo. Leli kamelo iqukethe amagugu ezingavamile, ababebone kwenkathi we oFaro.

endulo ziphephile

Futhi in the Museum kukhona ziphephile basendulo. Lena ikhophi ongumRoma esiveza ikhanda lika-Aristotle, ikhophi ngesiGreki ebaziwe yasekuqaleni "Aphrodite futhi Eros." Adume esiqoshiwe sase-cameo "Gemma Awugustu" wenza kusukela onikisi nezinye ingcebo eningi bokubeka amasiko ngesiGreki namaRoma.

Imibukiso ubucwebe

Ngaphezu imidwebo ubudala, izindlu Museum amaqoqo amakhosi adumile art lo othengisa sika. Ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzi wayeyisazi-Italian Benvenuto Cellini. umsebenzi kabani kwaba ohlonishwa kakhulu inikeze abameleli kohlu lwamakhosi WaseYurophu ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha.

Enye yalezi imisebenzi - usawoti kanye umfanekiso Neptune futhi Ceres - kungabonwa kwelinye amahholo Vienna Museum of Art Umlando. umsebenzi elicwengiweyo futhi usentekenteke we ngamagugu abadumile umane elingenakuqhathaniswa. Kukhona nezinto zokunethezeka zabanye abaculi abadumile. A isitsha Lapis lazuli Gasparo Miseroni umsebenzi, ngobuciko ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesithupha.

izinyo lendlovu imibukiso

Omunye amahholo mnyuziyamu lendlovu. Phakathi ziphephile abaningi ikakhulukazi ebaziwe esiphawulekayo Yakoba Auera "Apollo futhi uDaphne", yangekhulu ngonyaka 1688. Bone eqoshwe yaqhakaza ikakhulukazi e Vienna, Sasikuthanda imfashini phakathi nokubusa koMbusi Leopold I.

Ngakho-ke, ngokudayisa wakhe ungaphakathi kuleli gumbi ezinezihloko. Kukhona ngokudayisa we Marii abasha Antuanetty, indlovukazi isiFulentshi, bamquma ikhanda phezu lesikafula, efana aristocrats kakhulu, ngesikhathi salezi zinguquko.

Isithombe Igalari futhi ihholo numismatic

Nokho ngesisekelo, umnyombo umlando Vienna Museum of Art kuyinto igalari art. Uma ukhumbula yonke abaculi abadumile European waso sonke isikhathi, ukuthi ingxenye yomsebenzi wabo itholakala kule Museum. Art Gallery ine izigaba ezimbalwa, ngakho ukukusho,. Omunye lunikezelwe imisebenzi abadwebi lase. Lapha ungabona imidwebo okungenakufa ngu Rubens, Van Dyck, Yakoba Yordansa. Esigabeni German iqukethe imisebenzi Albrehta Dyurera, Holbein, Cranach. kwesigaba Dutch imelelwa imidwebo ngu Hals, Terborch, Van Reyna, nezinye abaculi bodumo.

Italian iqukethe imidwebo ngu Titian, Giorgione, Mantegna, Caravaggio, Raphael. Kukhona nesigaba esizinikezele abaculi ukuba iBrithani neFrance.

Ngaphezu kwazo zonke lezi nemibukiso, umnyuziyamu has ihholo numismatic esiyingqayizivele. iqoqo lakhe kufakwe amaqoqo phezulu emihlanu emhlabeni. Lapha ziqoqwa zemali eminingi yasendulo futhi ezingavamile, izindondo, imihlobiso kanye nezinye timphawu.

Natural History Museum

Uma unesithakazelo eminyuziyamu edume kakhulu, sicela uvakashele Museum of Natural History. Lesi sakhiwo in the isitayela Renaissance. Kubukeka ngokuvumelanayo kakhulu ne Museum of Art Umlando. Vula lezi zikhungo ezimbili ngawo lowo nyaka. I Natural History Museum inikeza ziphephile zemvelo okuqondene endlini ka Habsburg. Lesi sikhungo has amakamelo amathathu nethoba lapho kukhona izitshalo nezilwane yokuqothulwa eminyaka ambalwa adlule. It eqoqwe izinto abangaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu. Iningi lazo kwalethwa kusukela emakhoneni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Esitezi sokuqala zizongena setfulo enikelwe zonke izinhlobo abameleli nezilwane. ziphephile Famous kuyinto amathambo endoda Diplodocus futhi eyayigcwele ulwandle inkomo Steller. Esitezi sesibili kukhona ziphephile umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Lena iqoqo amagugu ezingavamile, amaminerali, iqoqo namaminerali. Kukhona izingxenye zencwadi a meteorite nesithombe amancane Venus ka Willendorf.

indlu Figaro

Yini ebaluleke ukubona labo abanesithakazelo Vienna (idolobha). Kukhona izinto eziningi ezikhangayo. Izivakashi Vienna, kufanele nakanjani ukubona indlu ka genius zomculo - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Lapha kulapho kulo umqambi wezingoma odumile waphila esikhathini kusuka 1784 kuya 1787. Lapha yazalwa opera edumile ethi "Ngomshado Figaro." Ngakho-ke, kuze kube muva nje, izakhamizi kanye ngokuthi indlu - Indlu Figaro. I saseVienna ungazange ngizisole euro kwezigidi eziyisishiyagalombili kabusha isakhiwo. Indlu iseningizimu ingxenye endala yedolobha, eduze Cathedral St kukaStefanu.

isiphetho

Manje uyazi ukuthi Vienna (idolobha, okuyinto sixoxe izimpawu zomhlaba) ngokwanele amahle ezithakazelisayo, yebo, kakhulu sibonga iminyuziyamu yayo. Qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela izindawo ukuthi zichazwe isihloko. Believe me, lokhu ubuhle uyakufanelekela zonke izivakashi.