Munich sivumelwano

Ngo-1938, uHitler aqala ukuba asebenzayo, ukukhuluma ngamalungiselelo akhe emelene eCzechoslovakia. Lokhu kwabangela ngempela umbhikisho sina, hhayi kuphela emaqenjini etindzaweni letihlukene tekuhlalisana, kodwa futhi phakathi kwezempi. Beck (induna abasebenzi) nesibindi ukuxwayisa sokudumisa ka ayehlasela eCzechoslovakia, sicabangela kwetintfo of ubudlelwano ne-France, Britain neRussia. Lokhu sigigaba sasusa inyunyana amaqembu ukumelana disparate iqhinga ukuze umbuso ukugumbuqela umbuso wamaNazi.

I Munich Sivumelwano ka-1938 kwadingeka ukuba anelise izimfuno kaHitler. I sokudumisa akafunanga abekezelele ukuba khona eCzechoslovakia, futhi bonke abantu baseJalimane izigidi ezintathu okungenzeka babehlala lapho, kwakufanele ahlanganyele kwamaNazi. Umhlangano wamenywa Chamberlain (British Prime Minister).

Hitler Septhemba 18, 1938 wakhipha umyalelo for wamabutho ezinhlanu on uqaphile. Sokudumisa avumela uhlu izikhonzi ukuba okuthunyelwe umyalo ngamabutho eziyishumi. Zonke lezi zenzo okuhloswe ngaso ekulungiseleleni wokuba kuhlaselwe eCzechoslovakia.

Munich sivumelwano kungenzeka ukuxazulula inkinga ngokuthula. Ngokusho isivumelwano, uHitler Anakho konke yafuna at Godesberg. Munich Isivumelwano Final sasayinwa ku 20 Novemba.

Isivumelwano bophezela eCzechoslovakia esezilahla ukuze athole eJalimane, ku eziyinkulungwane 11 miles of insimu yalo. Babehlala ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili amaCzech namaRomany ayizinkulungwane ezimbili ayisishiyagalombili Sudeten amaJalimane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la mazwe atholiwe amagatsha Czech izinqaba uhlelo eYurophu zibhekwa ungenakunqotshwa kakhulu.

Isivumelwano Munich uhlukanisa zwe. Ngenxa basayine isivumelwano eCzechoslovakia i- ohlelweni olukhona emikhulu kanye kwezitimela, ucingo nokuxhumana yocingo. ilungiselelo Munich bancishwa kuya ku-66% amalahle, 86% of the feedstock ngemboni zamakhemikhali, 40% izinkuni, u-80% basembonini yendwangu, usimende, amalahle ensundu, u-70% kagesi.

Ngakho, isivumelwano Munich obubodwa uguqulwe ube isizwe esicebile zezimboni ezicekeleke phansi kuklebhukile. AmaCzech namaRomany, ngaphansi kwesivumelwano, kwakufanele ashiye insimu.

Nokho, ngokuvumelana nawo wonke ojenene eduze uHitler wasinda empini, uma isivumelwano ibingasayindwanga, le sokudumisa kungaba Okthoba 1, yahlasela eCzechoslovakia. Nakuba abanye bekholelwa ukuthi iRussia, eFrance naseNgilandi, naphezu ukungabaza izinhloko uthi, ngabe ibambene kulo ngezihluthu impi.

Ukuhlola isimo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Germany Okthoba 1, ukuba ayokulwa France, England, eCzechoslovakia futhi, ikakhulukazi, yalahla iRussia yayingazimisele. Esimeni lapho kugqashuka impi, uHitler sasiyolahlekelwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaholela ekupheleni the Third Reich. Okuvamile Witzleben, Halder nabasekeli babo babehlela lokuketula sokudumisa okwamanje lapho wayeyobanika oda ukuhlasela eCzechoslovakia. Ungena isivumelwano avinjwe izinhlelo zabo. Ojenene wayethemba ubulukhuni of England kanye nomfelandawonye Western e umbuzo eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eSoviet Union kwaba ubuhlobo sokulwa eCzechoslovakia futhi eFrance, eJalimane, e-Russia, iBrithani neFrance kusukela izinkulumo waxoshwa ngazwi linye.

Ungena isivumelwano yaphenduka inhlekelele enkulu yaseFrance. Chamberlain ithengiswe eCzechoslovakia, uHitler hhayi kuphela ilondolozwe kusuka kungenzeka ukwehluleka lempi, kodwa futhi kakhulu kwaqinisa amandla alo ezempi. Lokhu kwakuhambisana yisifiso okweqile ukuba sibe khona Chamberlain, ukunikeza konke sokudumisa wayefuna.

Nge basayine isivumelwano namandla ezempi France lancipha zero. Manje, impi French kwaba nengxenye-German. izingalo ukukhiqizwa French kakhulu wawungaphansi German. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbimbi Eastern sisathemba isiFulentshi.

Ukunika eCzechoslovakia, Chamberlain wenza iphutha zomlando, okuyinto kwaholela empini.