Lokho etadisha kinematics? Imiqondo yobukhulu nokusakazeka umsebenzi

Lokho etadisha kinematics? Nge lo mbuzo cishe ngokushesha ezibhekene abafundi bebanga lesikhombisa, kuphela kusukela cwaningo physics. Namuhla sikhuluma iqiniso ukuthi ukutadisha kinematics zazo imiqondo kuwo abaluleke kakhulu. Cabanga izimo kanye nolwazi oluyisisekelo nge lokhu legatsha physics, siyowuqonda nalokho ifomula ingasetshenziswa futhi lapho kufanele kwenziwe.

Yini ukutadisha Mechanics, kinematics, Dynamics?

Okokuqala, ake enze, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, emgqeni ukutjheja imikhawulo phakathi kwalezi imiqondo emithathu. Mechanics ingenye ngodonga ngokomzimba. On ke ungasho ukuthi iye ukutadisha Mechanics zemizimba kwemithetho ezihambayo. Kodwa izincazelo ezinjalo umfundi angathola futhi-ke, uma kuziwa Dynamics kinematics.

Ngakho yini umehluko?

Ake sizame ukuqala ukubhekana neqiniso lokuthi etadisha kinematics nokuthi lokhu isayensi. Eqinisweni, kinematics ayikaze ezimele. Kuyinto omunye ngaphandle kwesigaba Mechanics. Njengamanje bobathathu: kinematics, Dynamics kanye statics. Zonke lezi zingxenye ezintathu yilezi izigaba ngokulinganayo mechanical, okusho ukutadisha nokuxhumana zemizimba futhi ikakhulukazi ukunyakaza kwabo. Nokho, ngamunye wabo onezici ezithile.

Ubuqili lezi izigaba

Cishe Kinematics siyingxenye ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ngokuya ekuxazululeni izinkinga. Kunezinto eziningi ezihlukahlukene combinatorial izixazululo ububanzi elikhulu ngempela ngecebo labo - konke kuba legumbi ayengasekela kubo ukuthandwa kinematics. By the way, kokuvula ukuhlolwa ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa e-grade 9, saba ngokushesha bakwazi siyakhubeka ngezibonelo elula. Ukusho ukuthi ukutadisha kinematics, singakwazi ukusho ukuthi ibheka uhlelo izici ezinyakazayo zemizimba ngaphandle kucatshangelwa amabutho kokusebenzisana.

Kancane more xaka kunjalo isigaba Mechanics, Dynamics. Iphinde ibheka ukunyakaza amabhodi kanye avele amagugu elihambisana. Lokhu, isibonelo, isivinini, ibanga, isikhathi. Kodwa kukhona futhi amagama ambalwa third-party. Lapha imithetho elula motion ungatholi off, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele isimiso mechanical, ikhumbula amabutho ayisukumele umzimba ethile. Kodwa zinendaba static imithetho yakhoibrium kumasistimu lokukhanda. Kubonakala hhayi kuphela umzimba kanye izingalo kanye nezinye izakhi.

Siyini isisekelo we kinematics?

Ngakho, sathola ukuthi kinematics etadisha ezinyakazayo zemizimba ngaphandle kokunaka emabuthweni uthatha isinyathelo iphuzu impahla. Kodwa laliyini leli ngesisekelo lesi sigaba, omakhenikha, ngaphandle imithetho eyisisekelo? Imiqondo nezincazelo - ngokuqinisekile ezinhle, kodwa eqinisweni eyodwa ithiyori, ngeke ukwazi ukusebenzisa ekuxazululeni izinkinga. Okungenani, kuzuzwe umphumela omuhle noma umphumela, sizoba iphendukele amafomula. Futhi ukwenza lokhu, ake siqale ukubhekana amagugu ukuthi sizofakwa.

Nenani main esetshenziswa izinkinga kinematics

Ukuze uqale, sifuna ukukhumbuza abafundi ukuthi bangathembela uhlamvu okungavamile. Asiqale nge value elula esilibiza ngokuthi Isikhala. Kuyinto ubuningi scalar. Okungukuthi kokuba kuphela inani elithile. amamitha amathathu, okuyinto iphuma ibhola. 25 amamitha eyayihamba umsubathi. Eziyishumi amakhilomitha ahanjiwe ngumuntu usuku lonke. Konke lokhu - amagugu kwamanani esilibiza ngokuthi Isikhala.

A ezahlukene kancane kunjalo ngsivinini nokusheshisa basesimweni kinematics (futhi ngokuvamile) abe imvelo ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, singanikeza value kwamanani ka ijubane. Makube ezinhlanu, eziyishumi, ezingamashumi amabili amamitha ngomzuzwana. Kodwa ijubane kanye isiqondiso kuyinto. It kuvumelana isiqondiso ukunyakazisa umzimba, kusobala. Ngokufanayo, kuba ne ukusheshisa. Nokho, ijubane nokusheshisa ingaqondiswa bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene. Kulokhu, umzimba wehlisa ijubane. Cabanga ukuthi imoto isiqala nje ukuya, kwaba yilowo ngiphakamisa yesibili isivinini. I velocity ukusheshisa luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa, lapho ijubane umzimba kwandisa nge ngomzuzwana. Kodwa uma kukhona deceleration we-vector baqondiswa bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene.

Kinematics - engxenyeni Mechanics ukuthi etadisha ezinyakazayo zemizimba. Kodwa lokho esingakufunda, uma asisebenzisi sikhathi isikhawu? Lapha kuba - omunye ukubaluleka esetshenziswa ukuxazulula izinkinga futhi ukuchaza imithetho yemvelo kulesi sigaba. It, kanye nebanga, isivinini kanye ukusheshisa, likhona amanye amafomula, evame kakhulu esetshenziselwa ukushayela izinqumo. Ake sibheke umsebenzi kahle elula ngale ndaba, ukuze ekugcineni ukuqinisa umkhuba ngaphambili esihlokweni wathola theory.

umsebenzi

Ukuze uqinisekise izici imoto angawodwa imitha-engamakhulu ubude bomgwaqo ephelele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukushesha yayo ilingana amamitha amahlanu ngesekhondi yisikwele ezaziwayo. Thola ukuthi ungasetha kanjani eside imoto angaya ukuthi ibanga, ikhumbula iqiniso lokuthi ezinyakazayo iqala kusukela ukuphumula.

Ngakho, kusukela kinematics - igatsha Mechanics ukuthi ufunda imithetho motion zemizimba, sizosebenzisa amafomula okuhambisanayo. Ngokuvamile, kubonakala sengathi _{lokhu: S = V o T + (} -) (e ^ 2) / 2. Kodwa kufanele wenze imisebezi yethu ukushintsha zilwane. Kuthiwa ukuhamba kumamenyu kuqala kuphawu kumile. Ngakho, velocity sokuqala zero. Ngenxa yalokho, umkhiqizo ijubane ngesikhathi V _o T zero. Njengoba imoto ngesivinini, ngoba ifomula uphawu "+" eyinqaba. Ngenxa yalokho, kuthatha ifomu elilandelayo: S = (e ^ 2) / 2.

Into elandelayo siyamtshela esigcawini isikhathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, we gaya zombili lokhu kwesibalo phezu Deuce kabusha endaweni. Futhi manje uhlukanise kabili ibanga ukushesha. Isinyathelo sokugcina kungaba ukuveza impande square okuvela kuyo le nkulumo. Nokho, sike lula ifomula. Manje kubonakala njengoba: T = sqrt (2S / a). It kuphela uhlala kushintshwe izinombolo. Ngenxa yalokho sithola ukuthi imoto isidlulile ibanga unikezwa isikhathi ilingana imizuzwana mayelana 6,32.