Lesitshalo amalulwane: isithombe kanye nencazelo. isikhova Polar nomhlophe: texte

Izikhova - kukhona izinyoni ukuthi sihluke lonke zomzimba zabo nendlela abaphila. Ziyakwazi ikakhulukazi ebusuku, njengoba ukubona kahle ebumnyameni. izimpiko Cijela ubavumele yokuzingela futhi ukubulala isisulu yayo ngokusheshayo. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene izikhova, futhi yiziphi izici zayo yabo esiwuphawu? Lokhu yilokho esiyikho manje futhi sizobe ukukhuluma. Ngokushesha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kunemithala engaba 220 zinhlobo, kodwa sizobe sibheke ezithakazelisayo iningi labo.

Okuncane izici izikhova

Vele kudingeka ukusho amazwi ambalwa mayelana ubukhulu zalezi zinyoni. Ilunga kwencani, okuyiwona empeleni, lethiwa - elibhekwa njengabaThwa isikhova. Isisindo birdies amagremu 50-80 nje, futhi ubude akukho amasentimitha angaphezu kuka-20. Kodwa isikhova esikhulu kunazo - owl. Ngokuvamile phakathi kwezithunjwa kukhona abantu ukuthi bafinyelele osayizi umxhwele. Ubude 60-75 amasentimitha, kanye nesisindo ukuze 4 amakhilogramu. Nokho, kungakhathalekile ubungako bawo, zonke izinhlobo izikhova inhloko enkulu nge izimpaphe omangalisayo, ngenxa yalokho abaningi bangase bacabange ukuthi uyisiyingi. Ngenxa izimpaphe zayo ezithile kwamiswa flat idiski ebusweni. amehlo ezinkulu futhi ezinhle - yilokhu ukhangwa eziningi zalezi izilwane ezidla ezinye. Bona inhlamvu yeso uyakwazi uthwebule ukugeleza enkulu ukukhanya ngamandla ongaphakeme, ebavumela ukubona kahle futhi ulandelele yimpango yabo ebusuku.

Izindlebe izikhova evamile, abangenalo udonga lwangaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, "isikhova eared" has izithungu ezengeziwe ngepeni ebucayi okuyinto ngcono ubambe umsindo ngqo indlebe. Ngenxa yelungiselelo quin, umhlaseli kuveza ngokunembile umthombo umsindo, ukuvumela ukuba ngokushesha. Kuwufanele benaka yokuthi ekulalelweni, khona isikhova kubaluleke ngaphezu umbono, futhi yiyona esemqoka isitho sezinzwa, ngoba ngaphandle kwalo, inyoni imane ngeke bakwazi yokuzingela. Paws e zonke izinhlobo Izikhova enamandla kakhulu nge izimpiko abukhali ezingaba kweso ukubulala inyamazane yayo.

Lesitshalo amalulwane: incazelo emfushane

Ake sibheke amaqembu amaningana ezizingelayo, okuyizinto ekhululekile kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo. Sizobe kuqale Tawny Owl. Ngempela, lesi isikhova ebusuku, gourmet, abakhetha ukubona kuphela igundane on the imenyu. Kodwa uma Friend kakhulu ekukhiqizeni, kungenziwa iphazanyiswe amajuba, ezingakabelwa esephumile esidlekeni, noma izinyoni eliwumhlaba. Ibhekane lolu hlobo kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kodwa kaningi eSpain, Greece nokunye. N. Esikhathini esidlule kwathiwa bazitshela ukuthi nabo baphile eSiberia, kodwa ucwaningo luye aveze imiphumela. Ubude zezinhlobo ezinkulu ongafinyelela isigamu imitha namaphiko imitha elilodwa.

isikhova Ural - isikhova, okuyinto kubhekwa enkulu kunazo zonke namuhla Owl ezaziwayo. Ubude nomuntu wesilisa omdala mayelana 70 amasentimitha futhi inamaphiko angamamitha 120 cm kungaba. Ngokungefani nazo zonke nabanye abameleli isikhova ke kukhona nhlobo umehluko phakathi kwabantu ubulili ezahlukene. Ngokucacile, lolu hlobo ngokuvamile akugcini ukuzingelwa amagundane. Bangaphinde yokuzingela onogwaja, grouse noma onogwaja. Kwakukhona amacala ngisho ukushayisana izindwandwe futhi Ural Owl, ngenhlanhla, kokubili abameleli ngasinda.

Umgede isikhova kuvamile Melika. Nest yena uRips emhlabathini, ngokuvamile emathafeni, amagquma. Isikhathi esining impela ke izidleke Burrows abanye, ezifana Nesambane futhi armadillos. Into ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi lokhu isikhova nabanye ezincelisayo behlala ngokuthula emgodini efanayo. Ukuqinisekiswa lokhu ubanjwe ngokuphindaphindiwe wafakaza.

Owl kanye esinamadlebe amade

"Inkosi ebusuku" - okungukuthi igama omunye abameleli elikhulu isikhova umndeni. ngezinye izikhathi Ubude giant umzimba ifinyelela 78 amasentimitha, futhi namaphiko isigamu imitha. Senzeka cishe kuwo wonke amazwe the Old World. Naphezu kwendawo yemvelo ububanzi, "inkosi yakwa-ebusuku" ayikwazi ngokuthi abavamile, eqinisweni akuyona njengoba kuvamile. Emahlathini Russia owl it is ezingavamile kakhulu, ungenise ngisho eNcwadini Red. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le nomzingeli neze luhamba, ehlala endaweni isidleke unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuphathelene ukuzingela, ukufuna ukudla siqu isikhova yabo kuphela uyaphuma ebusuku. Bobabili ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo amancane amakhulu angase abe yizisulu zakhe. Yiqiniso, amagundane abathanda zonke izinhlobo izikhova, kanye nabamele ikati, ngakho owl okhokhela ukunakwa kakhulu.

Nesikhova esinamadlebe amade - kuyinto mini-nguqulo ye isikhova. Lokhu nomzingeli lihlukile ngenhla ukuthi unomzimba mncane futhi ngendlela emangalisayo athuthukile izindlebe. izinyanda engeziwe izimpaphe enze lokhu isikhova amahemuhemu kancane kangcono. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le zezinyoni ezithile kubonakala nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane kancane kangcono. Uma isikhova futhi angeke abamele nezinye izakhamuzi ezinamaphiko, le esinamadlebe amade akakubangeli ukuphazamiseka ezinjalo. Akukona njengoba nolaka, futhi nobudlelwano ngaphezulu. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone ukuthi eared izikhova abuthele abantu emthini ofanayo 20 noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho bahlala ebusuku, bese-ke wonke umhlambi hamba ukuzingela.

White Owl: inyoni kuyinto ezingavamile futhi enhle kakhulu

Abadala ukufinyelela 71 amasentimitha ubude, futhi lapho namaphiko idlula amamitha nengxenye. Umbala incike yobudala. Konakala ngazinye, amabala ansundu ngaphezulu wonke umzimba. Eduzane inyoni ubudala zingaba nkulu ngempela, mini ngekhephu. Ngeshwa, abantu abanjalo iminyaka ezingavamile futhi abaningi ethungatha phansi zemvelo polar izikhova-wahlala. Snowy Owl ukhetha wedwa, futhi lo muntu akazange bakholwe umngane wakhe ngenxa yezizathu ezizwakalayo. Ngenxa yalokhu nomzingeli ethanda emuva kwezwe, lapho ichitha isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwakhe. Kuyinto ezivamile emathafeni ase-futhi indlela eyayiyinhle ngayo, ikakhulukazi uma kuyinto enkulu "abahlakaniphile" omele ukuthi cishe akukho izindawo ensundu. ukuhlaselwa wafakaza phezu kwempango, okuyinto esingu umzingeli. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi lesi isikhova omele iziphatha kahle bese uzama ukuba angaweli ku amehlo ale ndoda. Asikhulume okwengeziwe ngale umhlaseli.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Eqinisweni, isikhova esimhlophe, isithombe dream ukwenza abacwaningi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ehlala emazweni amaningi kanye nezindawo. Okokuqala, it is Yiqiniso, emathafeni ase-, kodwa umkhuba, le nyoni ingandiza futhi kancane enyakatho. Abavakashi balibangise iNorth Pole njalo wahlangana nalona nomzingeli ngakho kunzima ukutshela lapho uphela olwenzeka endaweni Snowy Owl. Shpitsbergera ugu, ikakhulukazi enyakatho-entshonalanga naseningizimu, futhi ugcwale lezi zakhamuzi, kodwa izinto eziningi ezincane. Ngezikhathi ezithile kungenzeka bagcine lezi izikhova futhi eduze nogu lolwandle laseNovosibirsk. Ngokuqondene emathafeni ke kuyo yonke indawo yayo, kwenzeka ucishe ngokulinganayo. Kodwa ungathola njalo ezithile: i lemmings ngaphezulu, okuyizinto ukudla main kule ndawo, izikhova polar ngaphezulu, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo isikhova seqhwa, isithombe okuyinto okumele abonwe, akunjalo ezingavamile, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kuyinto evamile ezindaweni ezibandayo planethi e, abantu ibhekene kangako ngayo.

izikhova Lokuzaliswa polar

Kuphephile ukusho ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko lokufa eliphezulu izikhova kuyinto indlala. Izikhova bathembele kakhulu igundane imiphakathi. Komunye unyaka ezimbi sabulala kuze kufinyelele 30-60% abantu abasha. Uma sidla amagundane amancane kukhona abaningana, kanye labantu izikhova luyanda kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, lolu hlobo akuyona kangaka sincike, bese indima kunalokho enkulu adlalwa umuntu uzingela le nyoni. Izikhova ukuzalela kanye ngonyaka emhlabeni maphakathi no-May. Ukubeka zesifazane incubates izinsuku 30-34. Ngezinye izikhathi inani amaqanda kuze kufinyelele amayunithi 11, kodwa inyoni isilinganiso izalela amaqanda 4-6. Indima owesilisa ekukhiqizeni ukudla insikazi, bese Nzalo. Ngezikhathi ezithile kwenzeka ukuthi die besifazane futhi iduna efukamela bamba uyaqhubeka. By the way, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isikhova - inyoni abantu inyamazane futhi ezinkulu zijwayele ukufa, isibonelo, kusukela isibhamu yabazingeli noma indlala, yebhangqa bebodwa, bakhetha once in a esaphila. Lokhu awasebenzi kuphela izikhova polar, kodwa futhi nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni kuleli qembu.

Izici izimpaphe nokuziphatha

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, umbala lezi izikhova iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi yobudala. Izingane nezinala ngokuphelele, babe izindawo ensundu wonke umzimba, kuyilapho isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala inyoni zaveza izindawo longitudinal ekhanda engu- emzimbeni. Kodwa ngabomvu ukuba abacwaningi kuyinto kwemiphumela ethile eyisiSekelo abadala. Uma ungathola isikhova endala kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kuyoba ngokuphelele white, ngaphandle nezimagqabhagqabha. Kodwa njengoba isikhova - inyoni edla inyama empumalanga, awusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuphila ngokuvumelana ukuguga ke abangele intshisekelo okungenamsoco kusuka nabazingeli abangekho emthethweni, abalungele ukudubula izinyoni ukuze kuzuze bona. Shono lezi izilwane ezidla ezinye kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe ezama ukugwema abantu. Kodwa ngakho-ke kwenzeka ukuthi indoda esondela kakhulu, kulesi simo, snowy owl azenza umuntu olimele noma ngisho efile. Kodwa uma usongo aluphumeleli ngokushesha liphuma nezimpukane. Singasho ngokuqiniseka futhi ukuthi isikhova esimhlophe - inyoni, okokuqala kunakho konke, ngazo zonke izindlela uzama ukugcina nenzalo yabo, ngakho uyohlale amvikele. Kuze kube yimanje, iduna ivikela zesifazane, ukubukela kusukela entabeni, futhi ngesikhathi usongo kancane kwenza ekhala alarm.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo izikhova polar

Leli qembu ezidla uyahluka ngokuthi bayaqhubeka ekuzingeleni hhayi kuphela ebusuku futhi kusihlwa, kodwa uma libalele. Ngokuvamile, kwenzeka ntambama, lapho isikhova elambile kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzingela, inyoni undizela phezulu egqumeni noma entabeni, engaphuma ngabaqaphi isikhathi esithile. Njengoba isikhova seqhwa - inyoni ukuzingela ku iziza elincane ezweni, kungakapheli usuku awukwazi sikhohlwe. Yiqiniso, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho elitheni ochwepheshe izikhova awukwazi ukuthola ngaphakathi lobubanzi le nyoni. Abantu abaningi abanalesi abesabayo kakhulu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi usongo ngqo bona bethola kakhulu kuyaqabukela, ngenxa labantu abampofu yazo. Mhlawumbe le mpendulo kusikisela evuthiwe isazela self-ukulondolozwa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isikhova seqhwa - inyoni uyakwazi dudula izilwane ezidla ezinye usuku ezifana uheshe noma ukhozi. Ngo izilwane ezinkulu, akuvamile ukuhlasela, kodwa sikhehle sovyatami abasha ngokuvamile ngigqolozele.

izici eziphawulekayo

Iningi abacwaningi ezivela emhlabeni wonke kancane ukuza ufinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi umndeni amalulwane - inhlangano ezimele. Lokhu kuboniswa izici yokwakheka, eziningi zazo ngalutho nge emini uma ibona izilwane eziyingozi. Nokho, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi amaqembu ahlukene izikhova ngezinye izikhathi ngalutho nomunye ngaphandle komzimba womuntu. Ezinye ekuzingeleni ebusuku, nabanye mhlawumbe ntambama. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhova has usayizi umxhwele futhi elibhekwa njengabaThwa isikhova kuphambene oluphelele kuye. Uma izikhova hawk abe ukufana ne oklebe, izikhova kanye nesikhova esinamadlebe amade - ne isikhova, izikhova efanayo polar kungenziwa Nokho kubhekwe ngandlela-thile izinyoni esiyingqayizivele, ngoba ukuthi izidleke eduze lezi ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye izilwane ezihlukahlukene zixazulula amadada nezinye izinyoni zasemanzini. Futhi aphila ngokuthula eduze komunye nomunye. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-isikhova akasoze yokuzingela eduze ngokushesha izidleke zabo, ngokungafani ezinye nezinye izilwane ezidla. Nakuba isikhathi indlala isiteleka futhi lokhu kungenzeka. Kunoma yikuphi kufanele okungenani kanye ukubona indlela ukuze bathole ukudla isikhova. Ama ifotho, inyoni okuyinto kuzingelwa, kukhona abaningi, kodwa misela ngokusebenza kanzima.

isiphetho

Iminyaka, ososayensi baye baqhuba izifundo ezihlukahlukene, ngakho namuhla sinawo eningi ulwazi mayelana nalezi eziyingozi. Ngokwesibonelo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isikhova - inyoni ebusuku, yena akazange abone phelele cime, kanye nabantu. Ngakho-ke, uma ubeka nomzingeli egumbini elimnyama, lapho bangaveziwe imisebe yokukhanya, ugijimele igundane, Uyodlelwa kuphela uma ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana iyiphi rustle noma umsindo. Nokho izimo ezingezona ezemvelo ukuthola ukudla, futhi, ithonya, ngoba ka izinyoni zasehlathini. Owl ngokuyinhloko nomzingeli ephelele.

Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho kwezihlobo, izingxabano zenzeka. Kulokhu, a isikhova ebusuku ekhetha ezihlukahlukene amasu ukuzivikela, bezama ukungesabisa isikhova esibayeni, kodwa isikhova noma ezinye izilwane ezinkulu efihla, ngokuvamile ezifihlwe amagatsha emithi. Libuye Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isikhova ungezwa kahle, ngisho nalapho lindiza ngalinye. Okubaluleke kakhulu - isisulu ubulawa nge Amathuba 99%, ukuze sikwazi ukusho ukuthi isikhova kuyaqabukela iphutha.

Nokho, mhlawumbe lokho konke kungathiwani ngubani lokhu isikhova. Incazelo izinyoni ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu uhlobo yayo. Kodwa konke izilwane ezidla ezinye esibulalayo killer. indiza ethulile, langa amehlo nezindlebe, kanye claws abukhali bazenza wazizwa. Kunzima ukusho, siwusizo kumbe siyingozi izikhova. izinyoni ezincane ezingelwa kuphela namagundane, okuyinto ziyingozi Farmland, elikhulu bangambulala amadada onogwaja, kanye onogwaja, bese lokho kulimaza ezolimo.