Landfill Kulakovskii: izinkinga nezisombululo zazo. Ukususwa kukadoti kamasipala

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi phakathi nenkonzo empilweni zabantu nsuku zonke zikhona izinhlobo ezahlukene imfucuza. Uma kungukuthi ilahlwe okungenani ngezinsuku ezimbalwa, baqale buthelela udoti entabeni. Inkinga akuyona kangaka yokuthi ngamunye a aphansi landfill imfucuza enjalo kudala isithombe ongakhethi samakhaya ezisemadolobheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena exudes ukunuka ushevu imvelo, edonsela emagundvwane - the abathengisi bezwi izifo eziyingozi. Ukuthi kwakungekho Esimweni esinjalo, futhi isimo ezitaladini namagceke amadolobha ethu zihlale ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zempilo, ngokungenabugovu amakhulu abasebenzi nezinhlangano ezimele kanye nekahulumeni ehilelekile nokukhishwa kukadoti. Ngakho ukuthi izakhamuzi sikhathazeke ngezinkinga udoti akudingekile.

Kodwa kuthiwani ngabantu abangewona ngenxa abasebenzi ofanayo wokuzidela aphoqeleka ukuba aphile iminyaka eduze landfill? Njengoba isibonelo ingashiwo Kulakovskii landfill. Labo babe eyisithunjwa omakhelwane yakhe iminyaka eminingi onilwelayo kuvalwe landfill. A elikhulu udoti yokulahla kudala izinkinga ezifanayo njengoba yinqwaba kudoti encane, eziyoba kuphela kuka ngokuphindwe kayishumi. Wonke umuntu, kubandakanya uhulumeni, kuyaqondakala, kodwa angasebenzi. Ukukhathazeka hit kuphela abantu bephoqeleka ukuba babekezelele le okwakwenzeka.

Izehlo Kulakovskaya landfill

Ngo eKursk isiqondiso, cishe ngo-50 km kusuka eMoscow, welula kwezinhlansi zasemazweni komuzi laseChekhov. 4 km kusuka kwemingcele yayo kukhona Manushkino emzaneni. Manje iyikhaya izakhamizi phezu 1600. Ngo-1983 edolobhaneni eyakhelwe isikole yesimanje. elikhanyayo yayo, nge namafasitela amakhulu futhi isakhiwo lizungezwe indawo emagcekeni esikole phezu 3 ayizinkulungwane sq. M. m. It ihlelwe ukuqeqeshwa kanye nesakhiwo sendzaba zokuhlola lapho abafundi sephulwe imibhede, izimbali itshalwe. Yena bebhalisa kulesi sikole esithatha kancane esingaphansi izingane 300.

ekuhluphekeni kwabo, ngo-2005 eduze esikoleni engumthengisi osomabhizinisi landfill ihlelwe eyaziwa ngokuthi Kulakovskii landfill. izakhamizi Manushkino waqale abazange banake kakhulu amamitha ukuthi angamakhulu ambalwa nje emgwaqweni imishini Geodetic laqala ukuletha udoti wabo. Zonke thina wayekubheka njengelungelo nokungaqondi okumele ixazululwe ngokushesha. Kodwa njengoba isikhathi sihamba, ubuholi emzaneni asenzanga lutho kepha udoti entabeni uye esekhulile futhi kuhlakazeka ububanzi. lomzimba walo ezinukayo kancane kancane ubhubhisa amahlathi, futhi wakhethwa ukuba olunothile entabeni echibini lapho ugu manushkintsy bathandile ukuze baphumule. Manje sibheke ichibi ngaphansi izingqimba doti engenakwenzeka. Okusele kwalo - ezithombeni ezindala izinkumbulo.

Izici zokulahla okwamanje

landfill Kulakovskii ezibuhlungu isithombe. Le ndawo ibukeka Umhlaba waziqonda Apocalypse: endaweni enkulu ungacabanga zonke izinhlobo abolile doti, ezilahliwe, izingcezu okuthile kulahliwe nalusizo, ezibolile isilwane kwezidumbu, into wokukhuculula izikhwama lamadigri ubuqotho kanye nosayizi obuhlukahlukene. Ngokusho izakhamuzi zendawo, wokukhuculula izinqwaba zenzeke ukubona izingxenye imizimba yabantu, imithi langakufanelekela, imijovo esetshenziswa njalo njalo. yinqwaba udoti ngezikhathi kukhuphukele emakhaleni ami, bese eside singafukameli, zisakazeka kuwo endaweni intuthu fetid.

"Umsebenzi" ngesikhathi yokulahla abangenamakhaya, ukusesha phakathi udoti ukuthi usengakwazi ithengiswe. Bahlala khona lapho - ekwakhiweni maqhugwane kusukela izinsalela. Bangaki zife, akekho ukholelwa, ngoba bangcwabe laba bantu silula - wangcwatshwa lapha, endaweni landfill. Ukuphakama ezintabeni udoti ngaphezu kolwandle lidlule uphawu 182 m at the isikhundla ngokuvumelana GOST 170 ukuphakama, kanti isidumbu sakhe yena wathatha 13.6 amahektha ngokuvumelana izibalo ezisemthethweni, futhi 27,6 amahektha - ngokuvumelana olungekho emthethweni. Nsuku zonke, nakhu kufika ekubonakaleni imishini ezinye 300, okuyinto ngokuvamile ukungezwa ekhona MSW cubic metres ngaphezu 7000. m entsha.

Imithetho kanye nemithetho yokuphathwa udoti

Ukususwa kukadoti - le nto silula cha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imfucuza okudingeka uyenze into, futhi ngakolunye - kungakhathaliseki lapho bebehlala khona: zithululwe noma, ngokwezinga elikhulu noma elincane, izolimaza imvelo. Ukuze kanyekanye ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga ezimbili, kukhona izenzo zomthetho neziqondiso.

Esikhathini Ikhodi Administrative Russia kukhona izihloko olawula imisebenzi izinkampani wahlanganyela ukuthekelisa nokulahlwa kukadoti. Ngakho, Art. 8.2 kudinga ukunqunywa inhlawulo phezu zomthetho. abantu kuze ruble 250 000 ngenxa yokwephula imithetho yemvelo e-USB noma indle okuqinile, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi ungqimba lwe-ozone libhujiswa. Ingxenye Yesibili Art. 8.6 kudinga ukunqunywa inhlawulo phezu zomthetho. Abantu kuze ruble 40 000 umonakalo nokubhujiswa emazweni evundile. Ingxenye Five Article. 8.13 kudinga ukunqunywa inhlawulo phezu zomthetho. Abantu kuze ruble 50 000 ukulimala kwemithombo yamanzi. Ingxenye 2.3 of Art. 8,31 kudinga ukunqunywa inhlawulo phezu zomthetho. abantu kuze ruble 100 000 umonakalo nokungcoliswa ihlathi izinhlobo ezahlukene imfucuza ukuze.

Kukhona izihloko elihambisana ukuthi imithetho ebhalwe ekubhekaneni wasendlini. Ngokusho kwale mithetho, ukuhlunga okuqinile imfucuza ingozi ekilasini (1 kuya ku 5) nangokuhambisana ekilasini ukuthekelisa, esitolo, bachithe noma alahle.

Ukubusa komthetho kuleli uhla Kulakovskaya

Esikhathini yokulahla idolobha emfucumfucwini inkampani Manushkino "PromEkoTeh". Ngokusho bakule ndawo, futhi izenzo ngokuvumelana ezimele Lokungenzeka Emvelweni, it is njalo kwephula imithetho Russian Federation kuzo zonke izinto ngenhla. Lake inkampani ubhujiswe, elonakalisayo ezingaphezu kuka 7 amahektha ihlathi ubuthi kwemvelo nsuku zonke. Ukuze kungalungile ukusho ukuthi "PromEkoTeh" wahlawuliswa ruble ayizigidi ezingu-28. Nokho, ukususwa inkampani okuqinile imfucuza uyaqhubeka, futhi wephula imithetho ekhona.

Ngakho, inani ukuhlolwa kwabantu nomthelela wendawo ezungezile 45-9 2015 yanquma ukuthi Kulakovskii landfill imfucuza kumele kwenziwe zonke izimoto th 17 ngosuku. Ngesikhathi esifanayo babe wehlise kule yokulahla kungekho cubic metres udoti ezingaphezu kuka-24. Monitoring ebonisa ukuthi umshini nakeza landfill amayunithi mayelana 300 ngosuku, kanti udoti bona elahliwe ezingaphezu kuka 7,000 cubic metres. Kodwa ukuhlukumeza esemqoka iwukuthi Kulakovskii landfill itholakala amamitha 260 nje esuka Izakhiwo zokuhlala nendawo 436 metres kusukela esikoleni ngesilinganiso ekhona 500 m.

isikhundla Esemthethweni zemvelo

Kulakovskii okuqinile imfucuza landfill e edolobheni laseChekhov Akasishalazelanga le kwemvelo. usizo Manushkino izakhamizi buyisa ahluleli alethe ukubuya endaweni wangaphambili ngemvelo ubumsulwa ngenkuthalo uhlaziyo Elmurod Rasulmuhamedov kokuba le semvelo induna ezweni. Wayeqhuba umsebenzi ochazayo nemiphakathi yendawo, abaqinisekise ukuthi konke kuzokwenziwa ukuze azuzise abantu, futhi ngokulinganisa wasiza ukwenza eminye 7 amahektha Isikhwama ihlathi ngokomthetho yaba ngaphansi MSW. Yileso webumbacambili.

Ngandlela-thile ngendlela ehlukile kulesi simo baziphathe Igor Kolesnikov, inhloko yabangamashumi laseChekhov Ukuhlolwa kwemvelo. Lesi sikhulu ngokuqondile futhi obala asekelwe landfill nemisebenzi "PromEkoTeha". By endleleni, lapho kukalwa olusemthethweni ezemvelo ibanga kusuka landfill esikoleni, ke ngokuyisimangaliso yinde kusuka 436 kuya 501 m, ukuthi ncamashi okwaziyo ku kuyinsakavukela kuvunyelwe.

isikhundla Iziphathimandla '

Ikhodi bokuPhatha Amacala iqukethe isihloko 5,59, owawuthi wanithwesa ehloniphekile (30 000) esihle ku izikhulu, uma ungaphenduli amasignali kusuka umphakathi mayelana nokwephula kwanoma iyiphi inhlangano kwemvelo. Iziphathimandla zendawo ukuletha ebulungisweni hhayi ukuthi, ngoba bengenandaba lenkinga manushkintsev ngakwesokunxele.

Waya yokulahla idolobha ngisho Alexander Kogan, ngubani uNgqongqoshe Ministry of Environment esifundeni laseMoscow. Ngemva kokuxoxa nabanye abahlali walilalela izikhalazo zabo, wathembisa ukuphenya. Ekugcineni kwathi "PromEkoTeh" lutho amakhefu.

Abanesifiso sokwazi landfill futhi Andrei Vorobyov, owakhonza njengelungu umbusi esifundeni Moscow. Zonke akwenzele manushkintsev - wacela imvume kusuka uMongameli Russian Federation ukuze uthumele omunye amahektha 7.2 komhlaba ihlathi ukuze MSW.

Abantu bendawo wabhala isikhalazo kusevisi Federal. abameleli balo wathatha amasampula emoyeni, inhlabathi kanye wabuya isinqumo ukuthi zonke ezingcolisa kukhona ngaphakathi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo.

Isikhundla bendawo

Ukubona isimo sengqondo esinjalo ayilungile lenkinga izikhulu, izishoshovu Manushkino balwa ukuze shaqa Kulakovskii landfill. Ngo izenzo zabo balandela lelipelwe kweMtsetfosisekelo imithetho Russian Federation. Ngakho, Art. 42 uthi ukuthi zonke izakhamizi zase-Russian unelungelo lokuthola indawo evumayo ukuphila nolwazi kweqiniso isimo sakhe. Futhi Art. 68 isibalo uMthetho Federal 7 uthi zonke isakhamuzi sinelungelo ukuqapha isimo ezizungezile imvelo. Inombolo Law 82 usungula ilungelo ukuhlela izinhlangano yokuzithandela ehilelekile kokulawula isimo kwemvelo endaweni yabo bendawo nokuthatha izinyathelo ngcono.

Ngo Manushkino idaliwe iqembu isinyathelo, okwakubekelwa eliholwa UNikolai Dizhur. Abashisekeli kwenziwe izilinganiso zabo, eyabonisa ukuthi isikole useyilo 436 m kusuka landfill, futhi esibhedlela yasemakhaya -. Ayi-400 bayiswa amasampula amanzi ageleza kuyo umfula eduze nedolobhana Dry Lopasnya. Kwezinye izindawo kude landfill kusiteshi sayo lingaphansi kuka 100 m. Zonke izilinganiso futhi ihlaziya yamanzi lapho atholakele amakhemikhali ayingozi e leyo edlula izishoshovu MPC idluliselwe emagunyeni afanele.

Izigaba emzabalazweni: ekunqobeni kanye ukunqotshwa

Manushkintsy wonke amabutho efuna ukuvalwa landfill. Nokho, ukuqedwa landfills - an icala kuyinkimbinkimbi ngaphezu kokuvamile, ngoba ethwala imfucuza kuyinto yansuku zonke, futhi kumelwe abe endaweni ethile bona athathe. Okungukuthi, iyohlala ikhona, esikhundleni ipholigoni avaliwe nezinye. landfill Old kumelwe ibhekane kulungiswa, okuyinto ubophekile ukuba zilawule inkampani, engabanikazi bephephandaba landfill. Kulokhu, "PromEkoTeh". Ngaphambi kokuqala sokufunwa Kufanele uyeke timbiwa udoti landfill, okuyinto "PromEkoTeh" ngenkathi hhayi nokwanelisayo. Ngakho-ke izakhamizi Manushkino babe ukwesaba okungenasisekelo ukuthi neminye imisebenzi ezidinga izisetshenziswa abalulekile, inkampani ngeke ukukhiqiza.

Izishoshovu wahlela lekushuca ivimbela ukudlula izimoto ku yokulahla. ngokushesha Abasebenzi 'PromEkoTeha "wabasola ukuthi udala isimo esisongela emvelweni esifundeni laseMoscow, njengoba doti oluhlala nobe emigwacweni yase dolobheni. Abahlali baye bafaka icala ngokumelene nkampani futhi ilahleke. Ngenxa yalokho, isinqumo ukuvala akekho wathatha landfill, futhi kwabamangali eyethulwe ruble 450 000 yochungechunge yokuhlolwa.

izinyathelo ezinqala

Ehlulekayo ukuphendula umbuzo, uma uvaliwe Kulakovskii landfill, izishoshovu Manushkino wathatha isinqumo yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba ku nanini indlala isiteleka. Five nesibindi ubuso Nicholas Izmailovich Dizhur Tatiana Nikolaevna Volovikova, Belly Borisovny Skazko, Yuriya Alekseevicha Burova futhi Mikhail Vasilievich Burdin ngokusemthethweni waqala umkhankaso wabo ngoJuni 1st. Ngosuku lwesihlanu Juni impilo bahlolwe udokotela Nadezhda Emelyanova. Isenzo fighters namaqhawe kusekelwa Liberal Democratic Party kanye "Motherland".

umoya wethemba

izishoshovu Strike kwenziwe, ngoba kakade ukhathele Ukungenzi lutho kweziphathimandla ngalokhu. Nokho, ingcindezi evela emphakathini ngalolu daba Kulakovskaya ububanzi kancane kancane ezihambayo esiphethweni esinengqondo.

Ngo "PromEkoTeh" izisebenzi izinguquko eziye zaba khona. Ngakho, umqondisi omusha waqokwa Kulakovskogo landfill. Ingubani, nesithakazelo kubo bonke labo ukhathazekile ngenkinga kuvalwe landfill, kodwa okuthembekile ngalolu daba akukho idatha. Abaphathi yangaphambili inkampani sibahlanu, sizungezwe uthango ipholigoni futhi wabaphakamisa entry zone. Ubuholi zamanje, eliholwa CEO Pogonin Andrei Vladimirovich, wenza okwengeziwe ngenjongo. Ngakho, ngoMgqibelo, lapho bonke abasebenzi (58 abantu) lahlelwa ngo-Ephreli 2017 wahlanganyela wokuhlanza eduze endaweni landfill. Ngokuzayo sihlela ahlele umsebenzi wokuzithandela njalo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutshala izihlahla kanye nezihlahla.

Ukuvala Kulakovskogo landfill kuhlelelwe 2018. Kakade, lapho silethwa inhlabathi edingekayo ukuze zimboze umzimba landfill futhi ngempumuzo amaphunga fetid. Ake bathemba ukuthi landfill namanje ivaliwe.