Kwamanzi: evikelwe zone njengoba?

Namuhla, kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili, kuba inkinga esheshayo futhi esibalulekile nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Njengoba Heroine wathi ahlekisayo omunye owaziwa, "indoda kumele kuqashelwe ngekhono nangesu lomuntu." Imvelo, futhi, kudingeka uvikelwe kubantu ukusebenza kwabantu. Indawo ekhethekile inombolo kwemithombo yemvelo amanzi.

emizimbeni Water ngaphansi ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile

Amanzi ngesisekelo bokuphila komuntu, okunomsoco umhlaba, izitshalo, izithelo nembewu; engacabangeki ngaphandle kwalo akukho ukuphila eMhlabeni. Yingakho amanzi kanye leti wokuvikela izwe, azibekele umthethonqubo ekhethekile ejwayelekile.

Ukuvikelwa iyadingeka ukuze yonke imithombo kanye namanzi izindawo, namanzi. Ezokuphepha zone Ilungiselelwe njengengxenye omunye iziqiniseko of kwamanzi ahlanzekile kanye komhlaba. Injongo Ukuvikelwa isimo kule ndawo akuyona kuphela nokuvimbela ukungcola emithonjeni yamanzi, kodwa futhi kulondolozwe ukuhlanzeka, okwemvelo amakhemikhali ukwakheka yamanzi, ukuphepha, ekhaya nasezimbonini kusentshenziswa kwamanzi.

imithetho eqondile

Umthetho uqalelela ngokuvikela kwemithombo yamanzi kuwo wonke amazinga, kusukela Nekhodi Water, iphrofayli yomthetho phezu kwamanzi, futhi aliqede okuphuza izenzo zomthetho okhonzile: Yokusetshenziswa yamanzi futhi indle izinhlelo e imizana, isimo ezisemadolobheni imithetho ukuthuthukiswa 1992 kanye nezinye izenzo ngqongqotshe.

Imithetho ethile kule ndawo kukhona kwezinkambiso sanitary imithetho "izindawo ka sanitary Ukuvikelwa emithonjeni yamanzi futhi ahlanzekile amapayipi amanzi. SanPin 2.1.4.1110-02", evunywe Chief State yenhlanzeko Doctor we Russian Federation of February 26, 2002

Ukuvikelwa zemizimba amanzi buhlobene eduze ubudlelwane izwe, ngoba amanzi ngeke zihlukaniswe enhlabathini kanye inhlabathi ukujula obuhlukahlukene. Kwamanzi, sesikhashana zone okuyinto egobhoza Isiqinti esibiza, kuba ebalulekile ingxenye yalo: nobuhlobo obunjalo ezweni isisekelo ziqu amacala kule ndawo, nesabelo umthwalo izinyathelo.

Umthetho Basic siphinde sihlinzekele nezinhlelo ezihlanganisa kwesokudla yisakhamuzi yindawo yokusebenza ephephile, lapho kufanele aqinisekiswe isimo.

Kuyini amanzi ukuphepha zone nokuthuthwa kwendle

isakhiwo ngasinye kumele yakhelwe kusengaphambili. Lapho sketching iyiphi insiza - amapayipi, izitshalo ukwelashwa indle, izakhiwo, yemizi nezinye izakhiwo - kufanele ukunikeza ukuphepha zone kwamanzi agelezayo. Zingaki amamitha kunjalo, incike izinga inhlabathi. Guard Zone kuyinto ejwayelekile isethi ibanga ukusuka aqueous ukuba into eliseduze futhi isakhiwo yakhelwe ukunikeza sanitary-epidemiological ukwethenjelwa amapayipi.

Le phrojekthi of sanitary Ukuvikelwa esishintshashintshayo wavumelana wokuhlola yenhlanzeko futhi kuhlanganisa:

• kwamangqamuzana amabhande sanitary zone;
• uhlu izinyathelo ubunjiniyela ngoba engadini;
• Incazelo ukwelashwa ekhethekile band ngamunye.

Esikhathini esishintshashintshayo evikelwe materials kunqatshelwe isitoreji, ukufakwa kwemishini, ukwakhiwa kwanoma iyiphi izindawo, kuhlanganise yesikhashana: noma yisiphi isenzo esinjalo sasingenakuba kuphela zonakalisa imizimba amanzi, kodwa futhi ukudala i umthwalo okwengeziwe amapayipi. ezakhiwe okunjalo okungagunyaziwe ziphazamise ukufinyelela khulula izinhlangano ezisebenza ngubani aphoqelelwe ukuba kuqedwe ingozi amanetha futhi ukulungisa amapayipi ngezinye izikhathi.

Ezokuphepha zone ehloselwe ukukhawulela umsebenzi kwezomnotho, ehlanganisa nokwakhiwa: insiza yokuhlala ephula sanitary esishintshashintshayo amaphrojekthi akuvunyelwe.

Umi yesibambiso zone snip waterpipe - kwezinkambiso sanitary imithetho.

Esilima Ukuvikelwa sanitary

Zonke zone ukuphepha into ihlukaniswe yaba amaqoqo ambalwa:

1. Ibhande lokuqala umbuso esiqinile - kumbuthano ihlanganisa indawo amanzi eyanele futhi imisele yamanzi. Awukwazi alahle amanzi udoti, ukubhukuda, ziklabe, ukudoba, marinas ukuhlomisa, indawo izakhiwo, ukusebenzisa noma isiphi Umanyolo, walala amapayipi, amaminerali okwami.
2. Izikhathi lesibili nelesithathu elinganiselwe nokuqaphelisisa - insimu eyabelwe ngaphansi kwesivikelo imizimba amanzi kanye nemithombo yamanzi. Esikhathini indawo yesibili awavunyelwe ukubeka isitoreji fuel, umquba kanye nezinye izinto eziyingozi ukuthi ziyingozi of amakhemikhali angcolise; Awukwazi alime ezweni cwenga emaxhaphozini, ungcolisa imfucuza amasayithi.
3. Izoni lesithathu noma nqatshelwe ukugcina kukadoti, ukuthuthukisa izidubedube, buyisela amanzi angcolile abafundisayo abangakwazi ukuhlangabezana nazo kwezinkambiso sanitary imithetho.

Kuyini ububanzi ukuphepha zone yokutholakala kwamanzi?

Lapho amanzi sidlula izindawo ezibalulwa kanjena ngokufanele, ububanzi band unogada incike izinga kwenhlabathi ububanzi iphayiphi:

• enhlabathini owomile - 10 m kanye ububanzi abafika kwabangu-1000 mm, futhi 20 m amakhulu ipayipi osayizi;
• nenhlabathi ezimanzi - hhayi ngaphansi kuka 50 m.

Kwamanzi, sesikhashana zone okuyisona emkhakheni wokwakha, nikwazi ukuthwala umthwalo ezengeziwe kwemvelo kanye yezimboni. Avikelayo zone kunomsele ezindaweni esakhelwe up kungancipha ngokuvumelana emizimbeni Ses.

Ngokomthetho ubuncane saziso, okuyinto ayikwazi ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo:

• kwasekusekelweni izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka - hhayi ngaphansi kuka 5 m;
• lezisekelo ezicijile, Racks, izigxobo - hhayi ngaphansi kuka 3 m;
• kusukela curbs ezitaladini - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-2 m;
• kusukela emoyeni amabombo zikagesi - kusuka 1 kuya ku-3 m, kuye ngokuthi amandla inethiwekhi.

Ngakho, Ukuvikelwa esishintshashintshayo amapayipi kanye abakhwabanisi ziyehluka ububanzi kuye iziphi izici zangaphandle.

Isibopho ukwephulwa nezinezimo yezokuphepha

Ngoba nokubekwa izakhiwo, izinto kanye izinto ezindaweni ukuvikelwa amapayipi amanzi anikezwa ezihlukahlukene unswinyo:

• impahla - ngesimo isinxephezelo umonakalo odalwe ukwakhiwa okungagunyaziwe, isitoreji izinto, izinto, doti eduze kuka 5 m ukuze amanzi ipayipi-eksisi;
• zokuphatha - ngesimo izinhlawulo ngenxa yokwephula kwezokwakha ngesikhathi kwakhiwa, kuhlanganise ekwakheni izakhiwo ngaphandle iphrojekthi sivunyiwe noma ehlukumeza esishintshashintshayo Ukuvikelwa;
• lobugebengu - ngesimo aboshwe nokuzikhulula kusezweni ise esishintshashintshayo yokuvikela sanitary.

Ezokuphepha esishintshashintshayo - isiqinisekiso Ukuvikelwa wamanzi ukungcola. Ukuhambisana kuphoqelekile bonke abahlanganyeli ebuhlotsheni zomphakathi nezomnotho, hhayi kuphela zomphakathi kodwa futhi yangasese.