Kuyini interview? kokuxoxa

amazwi Namuhla, kaningi wezwa ezifana journalism okuphenya, izingxoxo, esithangamini ... Yini zisithinta futhi ziberegiselwa lapho? Kuyini interview, kungani futhi kanjani ukuchitha ke? Lemibuto zizozama ukuphendula kule athikili.

Kuyini interview?

Interview (kusuka interview isiNgisi, "ingxoxo", "umhlangano ibhizinisi") - iyindlela ingxoxo, izingxoxo ezenzeka phakathi kwabantu 2 noma ngaphezulu.

Izingxoxo ngokuvamile kusho khona amaqembu amabili: lomsakazi, umsebenzi kabani main ukubuza imibuzo, futhi umthombo (ezinhlangothini), ubani unikeza izimpendulo zabo. Kuye ngezimo lapho izingxoxo, zingaqoshwa on ikhamera yevidiyo noma umbhobho, iqhutshwe njengoba ingxoxo evamile ngenhloso bukhoma.

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla interview sinendima enkulu empilweni elisebenzayo emphakathini. Lisetshenziswa njengendlela indlela uphenyo, ukuhlaziywa ezindaweni eziningi zomphakathi (lapha zihlanganisa journalism nokuxhumana, Ukucwaninga kanye kwabantu, nokukhangisa nokumaketha). Ngokuvamile yakhetha interview abaqashi kule interview ne umsebenzi omusha. Yingakho abantu abaningi kangaka banesithakazelo kulokho interview.

Izinhlobonhlobo izingxoxo ezinjalo

Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinkulu emhlabeni zama-interview.

Okokuqala, kungenxa okuvame kakhulu kanti esetshenziswa njalo - ingxoxo elula. Kulokhu, umsebenzi oyinhloko lomsakazi kuyinto ukwakhiwa efanele phakathi nengxoxo: ukubuzwa kufanele kubekwe ngendlela ecacile,-okulula ukuyiqonda ngendlela. Ingqikithi ingxoxo ukuze uthole ulwazi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uhlobo esilandelayo interview - okuthiwa wedwa. Ingqikithi Its ukuthi zibhekise lomsakazi aphethwe ngamazwi akho nomuntu ukukhuluma. Ngesikhathi lowo muntu wathatha lolu hlobo interview, luhlala uhlobo "ekusithekeni". Njengasendabeni yabase langaphambilini, isici esiyinhloko siwukuthi umgwaqo efanele Yiqiniso ingxoxo.

Uhlobo lwesithathu ibizwa ngokuthi i-dialogue. Kulokhu, izinkulumo intatheli, ngokuvamile abantu abambalwa. Ingxoxo, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, ugijima ezijulile, lapho imibuzo elandelayo ngokuvamile bavele esedlule. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi intatheli kungase kungabi khona ngesikhathi ingxoxo. Kulokhu, interview kuyinto umhlolwa ingxoxo.

Uhlobo lwesine umsebenzi okhishwa interviewers iqembu. Njengomthetho, lokhu esithangamini (press conference emfushane, okuyinto ngokuyinhloko ngenjongo yolwazi), isitatimende cindezela, izingqungquthela ahlukahlukene cindezela, njll Ngesikhathi intatheli efanayo ngandlela-thile ithumba okwenzekayo, bese icubungula ulwazi, ukungeza amazwana wakhe siqu, banikezwe ngokucacile imithombo yezindaba, yena umele.

Okwesihlanu - inkhulumomphendvulwano elakhiwa abantu abaningi, noma njengoba ibizwa - a "round etafuleni". Le fomethi ngempela nzima ngenxa yokuthi lomsakazi kumele sithunyelwe ingxoxo endaweni efanele, ukuze lubonakale kwabanye lubalulekile ngempela ibhizinisi umsebenzi wokudala.

Lokhu efanayo ezihlukahlukene izingxoxo ukukhathazeka "umugqa ashisayo" lapho ingxoxo siqhutshwa "izivakashi" studio, i-TV nomsakazo, edition lokuqala lephephandaba ethile, njll Izibukeli futhi sibe nekhono ukubiza emoyeni phezu ngokukhethekile otholakala kule nombolo (uma ingxoxo emsakazweni noma kumabonakude). Ngokuvamile, lokhu enengxoxo izinkanyezi osaziwayo.

Indlela ukusingatha izingxoxo zabafuna umsebenzi?

Sekuyisikhathi ukhulume into esemqoka. Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, le ndlela interview isetshenziswa abantu abavela ehluke ngokuphelele imikhakha yokuphila komphakathi: kusuka Blogger nezintatheli abakhangisi namabhizinisi.

Yini ngixoxa nomuntu noma lwenziwe, into esemqoka kule uhlobo lwebhizinisi - okungukuthi, kuqala, nokukulungiselela, futhi okwesibili, ukuze axoxe noLivingstone ngqo, futhi okwesithathu, ukusingatha zonke izinto okuholela. Ingabe asondele ngamunye ngamunye lento.

Ilungiselela-inthavyu

Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuba ukucacisa inhloso sezingxoxo ezinjalo olwenziwa. Uma indoda eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ukubeka umsebenzi othize, ke kungenziwa bazitshela ukuthi impumelelo wasifinyelela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, xoxa esicatshangelwe kahle kuzoba uhlobo "uzibuthe": uma kuyathakazelisa futhi ekhangayo kubantu bona ngokwabo ungathatha isinyathelo, okuzoba plus omkhulu lomsakazi.

Ukuze kahle yabeka umgomo interview, kufanele yini le mibuzo elandelayo:

• Iziphi izizathu ezingasenza ngesisekelo salokho ingxoxo le ndoda?
• Iyakwazi yini usitshele okuthile okuthakazelisa umphakathi?
• Iziphi izinzuzo kungenziwa zithathwa kulesi ingxoxo nothile?
• Ingabe singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi benze i-interview ezithakazelisayo?

Uma lomsakazi abakwazi ukuphendula le mibuzo, wayeyoba yini ukukhuluma izindlela ezisetshenziswayo, umphumela akunakwenzeka ukuba kube mnandi futhi ithele.

Inzuzo enkulu ye interlocutor kuyisixwayiso kuxoxiswana esondelayo emkhathizwe. Man (futhi lomsakazi) wayengeke asonge izandla ukulungiselela kahle kulo mcimbi.

Kuyadingeka ukuba uthole ukwaziswa kusengaphambili mayelana isihloko ingxoxo. Kulokhu, lomsakazi uzokwazi ukubamba inkulumo, nezimo nokuphimisela amagama imibuzo yabo.

Siyakwamukela nokuvulwa inkhulumomphendvulwano

Kungase kubonakale akumangalisi, kodwa ukubingelela cishe ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu noma iyiphi ingxoxo. Ngempela, umbono umuntu selibekiwe kusukela imizuzwana yokuqala kakhulu yokuxhumana naye.

It kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi: ezingeni ajwayelane umuntu lomsakazi, isimo sezenhlalo of interlocutor, njll abingelele umuntu kanje:

• Ifomu esisemthethweni - igama, igama phakathi, futhi "wena" (Sawubona, uVladimir Romanovich).
• I semiformal ifomu - ngegama, futhi "wena" (Sawubona, Vladimir).
• Ngo ifomu lolungakahleleki - ngegama, futhi "wena" (Sawubona, Vladimir).
• Ngendlela ajwayelekile - the "wena" kanye nefomu esuselwe igama (Sawubona, Vladimir).

Ukuxhumana nomuntu

Ngemva ekubingeleleni isidingo 'uyophula ice "ekuxhumaneni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungakwazi ukubuza imibuzo embalwa elula mayelana umuntu: ukubuza ezokuzilibazisa futhi izithakazelo, khuluma ngezinto ezifuywayo. Khona-ke ungakwazi udlulele ngezinto ezithanda ukuba bucayi, ngenhloso kanye baxoxa.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi inkhulumomphendvulwano kufanele kube uyaphila. Ingqikithi interview ukuthi kumelwe libe ukukhulumisana phakathi kwabantu ababili noma ngaphezulu.

Kaningi kunezimo lapho izinhlangothi okhaliphile asebenzayo, izimpendulo zabo ezithakazelisayo futhi ocebile, futhi ingxoxo - kunalokho isidina. Njengoba kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi phakathi intatheli kanye nabantu ayekhuluma nabo, kwakukhona nhlobo uxhumano.

Lokhu uxhumano kungenziwa wamisa kuphela uma ingxoxo ingaveli ifomu noma usethe imibuzo. Ungakhathazeki ngalokho lomsakazi uma akahleli interview imibuzo kusengaphambili, ngeke bakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi wabo ngendlela efanele. Wonke umuntu kumele abe oxhumana naye umuntu. Kulokhu, imibuzo emisha izovela bebodwa.

Ukugcwaliswa interview

Ukuphela ingxoxo kuyadingeka ukuze isikhathi ngaphambili bavumelana (kungaba interview izinkanyezi, noma nge abedlula ngendlela engahleliwe). Umsakati kunoma isiphi isimo kufanele alibale nomngane wakhe, uma kuphela akazange angavuma. Into esemqoka ukuthi ingxoxo ukuze benombono omuhle mathupha.

Ngemva kokuba okuholela kumele ziphathwe kahle, kuholele okulula umbono izilaleli. Lokhu kungathatha njengenhlangano lomsakazi, nezinye Ochwepheshe (isib, abahleli).

Sithemba ukuthi sasili- kuwusizo kuwe. Siye kudalulwe imibuzo elandelayo: "Kuyini interview? Ukuqhuba interview. "