Kuyini abantu: incazelo kanye nokusebenzisa izwi

ukuqonda kokuqala eside kuhlehlela emuva etymology yezwi. Futhi kwenzeka ezilimini East Slavic, kuthiwa izazi ngokolimi, kusukela isenzo lasendulo "naroditi (ukuba)", futhi kwakuhambisana nezinga inkolelo yokungafi ubudlelwane ahlobene eduze. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama impande - "lunomusa," "isihlobo." Yiziphi abantu abakhuluma isiRashiya zanamuhla? Leli zwi, yebo, ngomqondo obanzi kakhulu, kanye namagugu athile ayisisekelo uma lisetshenziswe inkulumo.

definition

Ngakho, liyini abantu ngomqondo ezivamile? Leli gama lingachazwa ngokuthi wonke umphakathi kunoma yiliphi izwe elilodwa noma umphakathi wabantu, ngokomlando kwakhiwa. Kodwa noma kunjalo kuyoba iqembu labantu zixhunywe kokushesha ajwayelekile nezinhlamvu. Futhi, abantu, isixuku - iqoqo elikhulu ngabanye abantu babuthana ndawonye (ngokujwayelekile has a ngomqondo ongathandeki incazelo). Hlukanisa nokusetshenziswa kwegama elithi ngomqondo setepolitiki, amasiko nobuzwe.

ethnography

Yiziphi abantu kulo mongo? Isayensi iphatha incazelo ethnography ezizwe. Ngesisekelo ukucabangela - uhlanga (eqenjini elithile womuntu). Ekuqaleni, kuleli qembu ixhunyaniswe ngu Izibopho nokuzwelana, bese - izinhlamvu yesibili: emagugu emasiko kanye namasiko, inkolo kanye izilungiselelo zolimi kanye ngokwendawo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zibonakaliso nje ukuhlukanisa isizwe esisodwa (yisho uhlanga lwakho) ukusuka kwenye. Lokhu okuthiwa nakomaka ezinhlanga kubaluleke (izinkolo kanye nokwenziwa kwamasiko, isibonelo) nokwesibili (lokhu kuhlanganisa ulimi, nendawo yokuhlala, njll). Uma sithatha njengesibonelo ukuhlwaya amaRom abantu, sibona ukuthi abameleli bayo abahlala emazweni ahlukene, abakhuluma izilimi ezahlukene (ngokuyinhloko befunda nabo), kodwa bangamalungu abantu omunye amasiko ezivamile kanye namasiko.

wezomnotho kwezombangazwe

Kuyini abantu njengendlela mqondo e umongo waleli isayensi? Lapha, njengoba umthetho, uyaphikisana elite, adingekayo. Futhi abantu - iningi labantu ukuthi akanawo amagunya. Izinkumbi isinyathelo njengesisekelo, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ukucacisa inkambo yomlando (njengoba ngokuvamile kakade ngesikhathi linemibhikisho ahlukahlukene). Kodwa kakhulu, isibonelo, wezifundo zezombusazwe, isimo sengqondo ukuze abantu kusukela elite, kunalokho, umthengi, lisebenzisa zabantu abavamile nje ukuba khona amandla okubusa.

nezinye amagugu

1. Ngezinye izikhathi welithi "isizwe" kufaniswa welithi "isizwe". Nokho, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Isizwe umphakathi wabantu imiswe phakathi kumiswa isimo. Kuyinto umqondo ebanzi, kodwa kungagcini ububanzi lubandlululo kanye yesikhashana. Abantu - nakuba umqondo iyincane (ukuze isizwe esisodwa kungaba abantu abambalwa, njengoba kwakunjalo e-USSR, noma manje Russia), kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, kancane ngaphansi kwesibopho isimiso territoriality kanye namaqiniso isikhathi. Nations ngezinye izikhathi kunezindlela emingceleni futhi ukuhleleka nguhulumende. Nokho, izizwe ezihlukahlukene kungabuye kuhlanganiswe ibe isizwe esisodwa.
2. Ukubaluleka "evamile", okuyinto has a luhlaza ezimbi anemibala. Ingasetshenziselwa njengoba ngokwahlukana elite amandla isixuku abangenamandla amagama zezombusazwe.
3. Okwakushiwo "umphakathi", "Izilaleli" ngoba kwemikhakha ethile imiphakathi (ikakhulukazi endaweni zokudala futhi endaweni ibhizinisi). Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, abashayeli bamabhasi ukhulume kwabagibeli babo.

kwezizwe zomhlaba

Bangaki kunabantu emhlabeni? Impendulo ngqo, okuholela idatha yesayensi zomphakathi zifana, cishe, ngeke unike eyodwa. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kungathi izinkulungwane ezimbili, abanye - ezintathu, ngisho emithathu nengxenye. Futhi lapho ucabanga letincane kakhulu, futsi ayisekho izizwe ezikhona emhlabeni? Abanye ososayensi ilondoloza amarekhodi kule izilimi. Futhi bazi 7000. Futhi kuxhomeke kulokho zindlela ukuchaza. Chulyms abantu, njengoba sazi, ama-elincane kakhulu ngamanani eRussia. Inani lamalungu alo ngokulambisa idlula abantu 300. Futhi Latvia Livonians kwakukhona abantu 180 kuphela.

abantu Russian

He is impela eminingi (ngokusho idatha ehlukahlukene yesayensi, esuka kubantu abayizigidi ezingu-129 kuya kwezingu-150). uhlanga Russian kukhona lwamaSlav Eastern, kwakhiwa kusukela ubuzwe Russian lasendulo futhi abantu bomdabu Russia (angaphezu kuka-80% yesizwe sonkana). Ziningi ayehlakazekele Russian akhona e-Ukraine, Kazakhstan ne-United States, Belarus naseMpumalanga Yurophu. Kukhona abanye abameleli ezisemagumbini kude ngaphezulu kule planethi yethu.

Ulimi olukhulunywa abantu - Russian. It kungokwalabo East Slavic elincane izilimi (umndeni Indo-European). Ukubhala besebenzisa izinhlamvu zamagama zesiCyrillic. Eminyakeni kweSoviet Union (futhi manje) isiRashiya isifanakalo. The main inkolo ababethi - Lobu-Orthodox. ROC - Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia - yakhelwe abantu babe munye ukuze Russian okholweni. bhishobhi sayo khona futhi kwamanye amazwe lapho abameleli bukhoma esasihamba eziningi yobuhlanga.