Kuyini kwezombusazwe nendlela oluthathwa

ukuthuthukiswa Political - ukukhulisa ikhono isimiso sezombusazwe ukuzivumelanisa Izinjongo entsha social ngokudalwa izikhungo ezintsha, okunikeza ephumelela kakhudlwana zokuxhumana uju uhulumeni kanye labantu.

nezindaba Ngasekuqaleni yentuthuko zezombusazwe babehilelekile yilabo abamele isiqondiso jikelele lwezenhlalo, futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi "yokuhlalisana kwabantu nentuthuko". Ngokuphathelene izisekelo methodological, babeka F.Tennis, Max Weber futhi Talcott Parsons. Ngokusho lesi siqondiso, zihlukaniswa zomdabu nezindlela zesimanje izinhlobo imiphakathi. Ngo ukwakheka uhlobo lokuqala udlala kuyinto enkulu isiko kanye umkhuba, ngoba libhekene ukuzinza isihlobo. Emphakathini wanamuhla, element kwesakhiwo main ungumuntu, hhayi iqembu: akhetha emsebenzini wakhe futhi yokuhlala, kanye Ububanzi bemisebenzi ingaphandle umndeni.

ukuthuthukiswa kutembusave ngqo exhumene ne ukuhlaziywa emikhankasweni yezombusazwe phezu ingxenye isici yayo emhlabeni wonke. Lo mqondo uvele ukusetshenziswa kwesayensi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ungene ngesiwombe sesibili, futhi kwakuhloselwe kubonise Dynamics ukuphila kwawo ngokuqondene nezombusazwe futhi izinguquko zalo ezinkulu.

Kukhona izimfuneko ezithile zalesi umqondo, okuyinto usunike Pai (USA). Amanye awo yilawa:

1. kwamangqamuzana wezakhiwo.
2. Ukwanda ikhono sohlelo yokugqugquzela uthele futhi ungafi.
3. ukuthuthukiswa Political, okubhekiswe ekusunguleni amalungelo alinganayo abantu ukuba bahlanganyele emisebenzini kahulumeni.

Izimiso lo mqondo zehluke izici ukuthuthukiswa ngokwezenhlalo kanye nezomnotho. Ikakhulukazi, endaweni kwenqubomgomo ke awushintsheki futhi has nenqubo yayo. Libuye ejwayelekile ukuthi le nqubo alikwazi ofanayo izinhlelo ezahlukene.

Qaphela ukuthi kwezombusazwe akuyona njalo washintsha synchronously. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuthambekela ukulingana kuholela ukwehla nekusebenta kweluhlelo kuqala. Isikhathi esining impela, ukuqinisekisa ezingeni elifanele ukuthuthukiswa komnotho kuholela umkhawukho wesikhathi ukumelwa zezombusazwe futhi ukubonakaliswa izithakazelo amaqembu.

kwezombusazwe nasentuthukweni sesimanje - lawa imiqondo ezimbili ezihlobene. Ngakho, ngaphansi sesimanje baqonde iqoqo izinqubo lapho ukuthuthukisa izimfuno elisha lezombusazwe njengoba ithuba silondoloze izinguquko njalo. Lokhu kungenxa ukuthuthukiswa izimfanelo eziningi ezifanayo ukuthi kukhona esivela izinhlelo yesimanje, futhi izimo kubalulekile ukuze sibe sesimanje.

sesimanje Political libhekene izinyathelo ezimbalwa yokuziphendukela kwemvelo:

1. Umsuka wegama umqondo, okwenzeka 50-60-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu lama-20. imigqa Its main ngalesi sikhathi zazimi kanje: umbuso wentsandvo yelinyenti isimiso sezombusazwe encike Western, umsebenzi asebenzayo mutual phakathi kwamazwe asethuthukile namazwe asathuthuka.
2. Eyesibili kwesigamu sixties, esibonakala by kwencazelo ukushiyeka oyinhloko ocwaningweni kokuqala emkhakheni sesimanje zezombusazwe. Imizamo ukulungisa lawo maphutha kwaholela ekwakhekeni nokuqondwa qualitatively ezahlukene le nqubo.
3. Ukuphela 70s kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, umqondo isibe imodeli jikelele ekuthuthukiseni impucuko, ngesisekelo okuyinto walala incazelo yenguquko ukusuka umphakathi wendabuko izici yesimanje. Ngalesi sikhathi, sesimanje theory athuthukile Almond, Verba futhi Pye.

ukuthuthukiswa Political lihlukile sesimanje zezombusazwe ukuthi:

1. Umqondo wesibili kusebenza States ezisebusweni isesikhathini sezinguquko emphakathini ezimbonini kanye post-ezimbonini.
2. Yesimanje ngokuqondile okuhlobene imiqondo ukuhlanganiswa komphakathi kanye lokuhlanganyela kwezepolitiki, hhayi lapho kumiswa izinhlangano zezombusazwe.