Kusukela ezimfundisweni zefilosofi kuya ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo: ukuziphatha ...

Imfundiso yokuqala yokuziphatha akuyona iminyaka eyinkulungwane, ngoba ngokujulile yaqala ukubhekana nayo, amaGreki asendulo. Abamele umkhuba oyingqayizivele wefilosofi ekhulwini lesi-5 leminyaka BC bafaka phambili okuyisisekelo sokuziphatha okuyisisekelo, njengoba bethi imithetho yabo ihluke kakhulu emvelweni. Umthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni ifilosofi yokuziphatha yenziwa nguSocrates, uPlato, u-Aristotle.

Emlandweni we-issue of the emergence of ethics as a science

Ngokusho incazelo ejwayelekile evunyelwe, kusukela ekubukeni kwefilosofi, izimiso zokuziphatha zifana nokuziphatha nokuziphatha. Lokhu kuyisethi yemigomo yokuziphatha neyokuziphatha ekhomba ukuziphatha kwabantu eqenjini elithile labantu, isigaba, isimo, isistimu yomphakathi kanye nomlando, umphakathi wonke. Imvelaphi yabo ivela esikhathini esidlule, uhlelo lwezinhlanga, lapho abantu behlala khona, ukuze baqhubeke bephila, bahlale behlangene, balwe nezitha, bazivikele, bakhe izindlu futhi bathole ukudla. Ngoba ekuqaleni ukuziphatha - "izindlu ezivamile", "imithetho yokubambisana", uma ihunyushwa ngokoqobo. Imithetho enjalo yayidingeka ukulawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwendlu, isizwe - ngakho abameleli bayo bahlangana futhi baxazulula ndawonye imisebenzi edingekayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqoqa ukuhlukumezeka nobugovu kwakubhekwa njengezingqinamba kanye nemigomo yokuziphatha. Ngokulandelayo, ngokukhuphuka komphakathi wesintu kuya ezinyathelweni eziphakeme zokuthuthukiswa, le mfundiso yazithuthukisa ngezigaba ezinjalo kanye nemibono njengonembeza, ubungane, inhloso yokuphila kanye nokuphila, njll. Izimfundiso zesayensi yefilosofi zanamuhla zithi izimiso zokuziphatha zingenye yezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuqondisisa iqiniso, ukubonakaliswa kwezinto eziningi Ukuxhumana okuxubile nobuhlobo phakathi "nabantu abanengqondo", imvelo, impucuko. Njengasezinsukwini zakudala, umbuzo oyinhloko walokho okulungile nokubi, nokuthi uhlobene kanjani nokuphila nemigomo yomuntu othize ohlala endaweni ethile nemithetho ethile. Kule ndlela, ukuziphatha nokuziphatha kuhlangene. Lo mbumbano unikeza ithuba lokudalula uhlobo lwezindinganiso zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha, ukuchaza ukuthi zibonakala kanjani futhi zithuthukile, futhi zibikezela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezingathatha esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuziphatha nokufundisa

Esinye sezigaba zokuziphatha kobuchwepheshe yizici zokuziphatha. Kwavela njengenye yezinkomba zesayensi jikelele eyisisekelo ngokuphathelene nokucubungula ukuhamba ngokweqile njengento yokwenza umsebenzi wekhonkrithi. Utitjhere akabi nje ukwabelana ngolwazi kusuka kwinye insimu yesayensi. Ungumfundisi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Isifundo ngasinye sawo ukufundisa amaqiniso okuziphatha, incazelo yokuphila okuhlukile kanye nezimo zansuku zonke, lokhu kuyisibonelo sabo sokuziphatha, kanye nokukwazi ukusungula ubudlelwano nabafundi, ukuxazulula zonke izinhlobo zezingxabano. Imithetho eyisisekelo yokuziphatha ihlotshaniswa nenkohliso yokufundisa. Kuchazwa njengomuzwa wokuvumelanisa okuhambisana phakathi kwezenzo nokuziphatha kothisha kubafundi, abazali, kanye nozakwethu. Esinye sezibonakaliso ezimangalisa kakhulu zenkohliso yokufundisa isimilo sangaphakathi sothisha, okubizwa ngokuthi isiko lokuziphatha.

Ngakho-ke, ukuziphatha kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu yomphakathi kanye nengokomoya.