Kaz-4540: izici lobuchwepheshe, izithombe. Amaloli Kutaisi Izithuthi Plant

Ukuthuthukiswa isiqoqi sama-softwe eSoviet Union zazibhekisiswa ekhethekile. isitshalo ngasinye sizama ukwakha imoto tech, oyokuba yayo uchungechunge ingqalasizinda wezwe. Plant emzini Kutaisi, kaphambukanga ukuthambekela jikelele futhi ukufeza izidingo nezinhloso. Abaklami esedale iloli, okuyinto eyaba edume - Kaz-4540.

Umlando sokudalwa

Ngo-1975, ngesicelo eU.SSR Gosselhoztehniki nathi GKB idolobha Balashov, ngubani ezikhethekile ekudaleni trailer ukuze izimoto kanye nogandaganda, kanye Yaroslavl ifektri waqala ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Umsebenzi kwaba ukudala izitimela ezintsha imodeli wezolimo. Iloli kwakufanele abe uhlobo isixhumanisi ulahlekile, esasihlanganisa iqoqo izilimo emkhakheni, kulayishwa kwabo okwengeziwe kanye zokuhamba fast and athula.

In the 80s ekuqaleni ngesisekelo the Kutaisi isitshalo wethulwa ukukhiqizwa entsha ezine-wheel drive amaloli. Isisekelo imodeli entsha baba sibonelo we 0215 US-wadala kusuka abavamile Kaz-608B, ngamathuluzi ethuthukisiwe futhi idrayivu egijima ku ekseli amasondo amabili.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukukhiqizwa uchungechunge futhi uqalise iloli elisha phezu expanses ezwe elaliyi-USSR, full-scale ukuhlolwa amasampuli Kwakuseshwa. Ngenxa yale njongo-ke ekuqaleni umuntu wadalwa izimoto 20, okuyinto Kwakuseshwa futhi wonke umgwaqo kanye ebhentshini sokuhlola. Ngo-1981, ngesikhathi indawo Sesiyiphothule ngempumelelo ukuhlolwa izitimela ezintsha. Abaklami akagcinanga lapho futhi wenza eziningi izichibiyelo nezinguquko emabandleni ngamanye futhi izingxenye isakhiwo. Lokhu kwalandelwa nakho ezintsha nokuhlolwa njalo. New Kaz-4540 mbibi enibaziyo amamodeli yangaphambili brand "Colchis".

Kakade-January, lo sama-84 sesakhiwo, lapho asebephothule ukuhlolwa kweminyango, iloli Kunconywa ukuqalisa ekukhiqizweni. Ngemva kwenyanga wadala batch lokuqala imishini 500.

Kususelwa kule iloli lwakhiwe futhi ugandaganda. Wathola entsha wokugubha - Kaz-4440.

"Colchis"

Leli gama lanikezwa kudambisa tractor ukukhiqizwa sitshalo Kutaisi. Kufika iloli lokuqala kwesokunxele kakade ngo-August 1951. Iningi izingxenye alethwe kulesi simila iqanjwe uStalin. Ngenxa Sebawoti amabhizinisi eMoscow futhi eqoqwe yokulahla amaloli, ogandaganda ezincane, kanye izimoto nempahla ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo "Colchis". isenzakalo esisha isithombe kwakungafanele efana yimiphi ekhona ngaleso sikhathi.

"4540" - umfuziselo eyenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezolimo. Ukukhiqizwa baqhubeka kusukela ngo-1985 futhi ngo-1998. Phakathi nale nkathi, sidale izinguqulo eziningana ezahlukene iloli "Colchis". Isici esiphawulekayo Kaz-4540 has a elikhanyayo orange ezihlukanisa amahhovisi ne somoya esikhulu kakhulu.

aphoyintimenti

Freight Kaz-4540, esasihlukile kuzo zonke ezinye amamodeli enama-asi ezimbili ukushayela, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-trailer of the brand GKB-8535. Le nqwaba emelelwa trailer esetshenziselwa ukuthuthwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo.

Tipper Kaz-4540 - umshini enemisebenzi ne ikhono wehlise ezinhlangothini ezintathu. Kuye izinto ezithile ezisetshenziswa futhi endaweni eyodwa ngendlela ethile. Iloli kwaba ifakwe wonke-wheel drive nge umehluko ozikhethela Ilokhi oluvala amasondo labaqaphi elingemuva.

Cutting edge design evumela ukusebenzisa umshini esihambisana kwabavuni kanye nezitshalo ukotini. "Kolkhida" - imoto kokuba permeability eyanele adingekayo imishini asetshenziswa kwezolimo, kanye nomthamo amathani 11.

Ngo-1990, nabaqambi kwadingeka imibhalo ukulungele esizokwenza ukuhlomisa esiqandisini imoto, isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-platform wezimpahla, kanye ukudala imoto umlilo. Ngeshwa, ukuthuthukiswa ayitholanga ukuqhubeka futhi wahlala kuphela ephepheni. "Colchis", isithombe okuyinto abekwe ngezansi - is kakhulu yafuna ikhophi ngesikhathi umshini.

gumbi

Cab - cabover, engaphezulu injini. Lesi sakhiwo lithuthukile lobubhalo kanye ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa yesikhulumi lonke. "Colchis" - imoto nge wheelbase esifushane futhi ukubonakala esihle kakhulu umshayeli. Ukubolekisa gumbi has a zihlalo endaweni ehlukile, umlandeli nesitofu-heater. Konke lokhu lemali esinikeziwe eyanele lenani eliphakeme enduduzo eside futhi eside hola izindiza. Ngo-1985, kwaba inkomba enhle kakhulu.

Ngo-1990 izingane zaqala ukukhiqizwa inguqulo ethuthukisiwe. Inama uhlelo wokubacindezela ukulawula kuvulwa amabhodi. Lapho athula yimiphi ukusebenza party ibhodi uvala ngokuzenzakalelayo.

amandla ingxenye

Umshini ogibele injini diesel sha YaMZ-Kaz-642. Engine Kaz-4540 ngomumo ukuze wheelbase futhi ibhangqwe i-kudivayisi eziyisishiyagalombili ukushintshela amagiya (4 yokudlulisela iyatholakala futhi ehlukanisayo mawuthanda).

Sokuphehla amandla wawusegunjini ngokuqondile ngenhla phambi oluvala amasondo, futhi zonke izidumbu ezinikeza ukulawula, abangu kwaphoqa phambili ngangokunokwenzeka. Isikhundla ukushayela ingaphezu motor. Isinqumo ukudala ilungiselelo elinjalo kwakubangelwa isidingo ukwandisa endaweni zisebenziseke okuyinto izinto zithutha atholiwe. Ngokwandisa ophumayo engela anda permeability. Leli cebo waqinisekisa iyunifomu umthwalo wokusabalalisa ku womabili ama-eksisi. On the front-akhawunti 6.12 amathani isisindo, futhi ngemuva - 6,14 m.

ukulayisha Uniform avunyelwe ukusetshenziswa amasondo olulodwa ngamathayi ububanzi, kanye lula njengoba kakhulu ingcindezi elawula uhlelo Emakamelweni angaphakathi amakhosi emoyeni.

ezintsha Abaningi baye wethulwa uma udala Kaz-4540. Omunye disc onjalo kwakuyiNkosi CV ngokuhlanganyela, ebonakala kakhudlwana thembeke kuka okulingana eyindilinga. ngesivinini esiphezulu eneminyaka engu-80 km / h, kodwa amandla umthwalo ilingana ingqikithi 6 m.

chassis

Running imishini ivumela umshini ukuhambisa ewubhuqu esindayo futhi emasimini emva zilima. Ngezinye Kaz-4540 ukudluliswa iloli isethwe 8 izikhundla, ukuphokophela phambili futhi ezimbili - edlule. Kwakuyisikhathi isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa gearbox 4-isivinini kanye idabula 2 izindlela.

bamba Dry efakwe ngomshikisho amadiski kanye womoya. Ukujikeleza motor lasetshenziswa kokubili amabhuloho. Ibhokisi ukudluliswa ezifakiwe interaxle umehluko ukukhiya. Elawulwa usebenzisa inkinobho ahlukene kuyi-dashboard.

Front oluvala amasondo ukumiswa ababebuthene emithonjeni longitudinal futhi telescopic damper. Engemuva ukukhwezwa semi okweqanda leaf iziphethu double.

isithunzi

Abashayeli abasebenze inqubo sha "Colchis", waphawula ukuthi imodeli yimpumelelo kakhulu kwaba Kaz-4540. Izibuyekezo hhayi ngempela ocacile, kodwa izingxenye ngezindlela eziningi. Izinzuzo main okuye waphawula:

- "4540" - ngowokuqala e-USSR yokulahla, zidalwe kuphela izidingo zomkhakha wezolimo.

- yesondlo Easy futhi ukulungisa sibonga ukufinyelela okulula cishe wonke amasayithi kanye nezindlela.

- Excellent cross-izitimela nge umthwalo esiphezulu.

- ukulayisha yesikhulumi ne ezintathu ongakhetha athula.

- cabover gumbi Okugcwele obujwayelekile, okwakubekelwa ifakwe ubuchwepheshe bamuva.

amaphutha

ziqu okuphansi wezisebenzi isitshalo awavunyelwe ukudala ukukhiqizwa izimoto izinga. Ngezinye Kaz-4540 kwaba ushintsho olukhulu ngempela inqwaba nemiphumela ethile engathandeki:

- Ngokuvamile ukwehluleka mshini obhekene ukuvelela cab.

- ukuvuza njalo uketshezi wokubacindezela futhi amafutha eslphambanweni ukuwudlulisa amalungiselelo motor.

- umfutho ophakeme futha kwaba akakwazi ukunikhulula imingcele edingekayo.

- Iphuzu ababuthakathaka kwakungamadodana izipikili zinomthwalo wemfanelo ekulungiseni iziphethu phambi ukuze uzimele.

Ezinye izinzuzo kabi nokushayela okungafanele yaphenduka nemibi. Umthwalo efanayo kuwo womabili ama-ekseli amasondo ivumela ukwandisa throughput, kodwa ukushayela nolaka has a amathuba eliphezulu nokugumbuqela umshini. Kaz-4540, izici zazo okusesihlokweni esithi, isasetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo zombili Russia nase-Ukraine nakwamanye amazwe ayeyingxenye ye-USSR.