Joachim von Ribbentrop: Biography, izinsuku ezisemqoka futhi izenzakalo zokuphila

Joachim von Ribbentrop - omunye izibalo ezisemqoka owaqopha umlando ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Lo muntu waziwa kakhulu ngokuthi ungqongqoshe German angaphandle kanye omunye eziseduze kwamaNazi Shansela-Adolf Hitler ngesikhathi okwatholakala we sokudumisa ngamandla. Lesi sihloko sigxile kakhulu izehlakalo ezibalulekile ekuphileni kwamaNazi, kwasekuzalweni kwakhe Apreli 30, 1893 nesiphetho isigwebo sentambo phakathi nezikhathi ezinzima eNuremberg ngo-October 1946. Ukuze babe umqondo ocacile ukuthi ingubani Ribbentrop, uvula ukulandelela futhi ahlaziye izikhathi ezibalulekile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kwesibhamu zokuphila kwakhe.

ebuntwaneni

Von Ribbentrop, ogama biography lapha ngenzansi, yazalwa ngo encane German edolobheni-inqaba Wesel. Abazali bakhe babebhekwa njengabantu abantu abafundile, kuvikelwe, ungase ngiziqhayise wohlanga.

Umama, ngeshwa, wayefe 1902 ekuguleni, kanjalo namadodana amabili wakhulela austerity futhi isiyalo sikababa Richard Ulrich Friedrich Joachim Ribbentrop, Prime uLieutenant wezikhali Regiment. I abasha Joachim olukhulu kulabo iminyaka yokufunda elinikeziwe. Ngenxa yokuthi uyise wathumela inkonzo abahlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene eJalimane, namadodana akhe kusuka ebuntwaneni ephethwe futhi isiNgisi nesiFulentshi, kanye ngcono nabo ekolishi. Kusukela kumama Ribbentrop Jr. zadlulisela uthando lomculo: ukudlala i-violin buye baba ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwakhe.

Ubusha futhi izinyathelo umsebenzi wokuqala

Ngisho nalapho ngisemncane ayenakho ngenxa yabazali evumayo Me baphile iminyaka eminingi e eSwitzerland, eNgilandi, Melika (New York), eCanada. I Joachim zakamuva nigxilile, njengoba kukhona zadalwa izimo ezikahle lokwakha i-career. Ngesikhathi ehlala e-Montreal, kwakufanele bonyana enze uzame isandla sakhe yasebhange, futhi isikhundla isilawuli imoto. Nokho, wathuthela Ottawa ngokumenywa Ribbentrop wafuna ukuziqalela amabhizinisi abo, balondoloze imali ngokuhlakanipha enhloko-dolobha ibhizinisi ngofuzo.

Imisebenzi ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala

Ngo-1914, engafuni ukuba badede isinyathelo sezempi, Ribbentrop kwesokunxele Canada ne abathunyelwe ukukhonza ku ibutho amahhashi ngaphambili. Ukulwa ku Eastern, eWestern Front. Ngo-1918, kakade webutho lezempi, lapho wawudume sokunconywa wezempi kwalimala Iron Cross. Ngenxa yezizathu zempilo wathunyelwa Turkey njengoba iphini lomlawuli wempi ogunyaziwe Ministry of War, lapho Ribbentrop ibika ukulungela yezwe. Lapho impi yagcina ihluleke eJalimane, wayephuza kakhulu uyaqaphela asule esikhundleni, kusho ayenazo zokuzizwa engenamsizi e countering iSivumelwano SaseVersailles. Kungenzeka-ke, ukuqaphela ukuthi le minyaka ungazange yize von Ribbentrop: kuba phambi, efika emhlanganweni kubalulekile nosaziwayo wezepolitiki njengokufaka uFranz von Papen noPawulu von Hindenburg.

Kusukela ibhizinisi - kwezombusazwe

Ngo post-yimpi Europe, ikakhulukazi le Weimar Republic, othola kokubhubhisa kwezomnotho, kwakungenakwenzeka ukubeka ndawonye wena isimo ephephile, ngakho Ribbentrop wanquma ukubuyela eCanada, e-Ottawa, lapho babe abangane bakhe abadala. Ngemva nje konyaka nguye ophethe ukuze uthole esiqinile ukungeniswa ukotini nokuziphatha eziningi ukuthengiselana yimpumelelo, esangenza ukuceba ngokushesha, futhi ukusungula nengangibajwayele entsha ebalulekile.

1919-20-yalolucwaningo wayekhumbula kamuva ngemfudumalo ekhethekile, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi waqala ukuthandana umkakhe esizayo, u-Annelise Henkel, wamzalela izingane ezinhlanu. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kuzo kuzoba umuntu ikusasa yabantwana bakwa - Rudolf von Ribbentrop, okuyinto iyalandisa ekupheleni.

Umshado wajabula ngempela, futhi kunenzuzo kakhulu njengoba uyise, u-Annelise sika umalokazana ahlinzekwa ukubeka co yomnikazi inkampani yakhe, egatsheni Berlin elalinikezelwe kokuthengwa nokudilivwa iwayini ezivela phesheya. Leli bhizinisi liye lasiza Joachim von Ribbentrop ngo-1924 ukuvula inkampani yakhe isivele yokudayiswa kotshwala amazwe "Schoenberg futhi Ribbentrop." Inkampani laqala ukuletha imali eside, okwenza ukuba umnikazi walo ukuze ujoyine umphakathi abaphezulu Berlin.

Engxenyeni 1920 yesibili, Ribbentrop ubuyisela ukuxhumana oMbusi uFranz von Papen. Parallel kule, yena Nginelitsemba amakhono abo kanye nethonya, usetha umsebenzi ukushintsha inqubomgomo ezweni lakubo, okwathi ngokuhamba kweminyaka wadlondlobala.

Ajwayelane u-Adolf Hitler ukujoyina NSDAP

Von Ribbentrop beqonda omubi ngu iSivumelwano SaseVersailles, okuyinto, ngokombono wakhe, zahlukunyezwa, bacindezela Weimar Republic. Eqaphela ukuthi ke uhulumeni kubekiwe kunqubomgomo ukungaqiniseki ushintsho okusheshayo likaShansela akakwazi ukumelana nethonya kokubili aseNtshonalanga ukusabalala Bolshevism, ubapha sympathies akhe kuya National Socialist.

Kwaba ngemva kokuhlangana uHitler izinhlelo zakhe for eJalimane von Ribbentrop futhi lingena iqembu lakhe futhi SS lifaka, ekubeni Standartenfiihrer, futhi iqala ukukhuthaza sokudumisa esizayo esikhundleni sokuba Shansela esikhundleni Paul von Hindenburg. Kuze kube yimanje, wahlela izinkulumo eziningi phakathi kwabaholi njengamanje kanye nabasha yezwe, futhi baqhuba imihlangano yabo siqu wanikela villa e Dahlem. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liphinde ubudlelwano ibhizinisi ofanelekile abantu abacebile eJalimane: Joachim von Ribbentrop kubo ngobuciko abaqiniseka isidingo sokusiza ngokwezimali isizwe. Ngakho, kungenzeka ukuba sivume ukuthi uHitler wanikezwa impahla omkhulu futhi abasisekelayo we okudalwe National Socialist. UHitler, ekuthatheni amandla ngokuphelele, Wambeka njengoba umeluleki wakhe ku inqubomgomo angaphandle.

I impumelelo lokuqala zamanxusa

I sokudumisa akuyona ngephutha omethembayo Ribbentrop ikhomishini eziningi ezibalulekile, njengoba siyaqonda ukuthi lo muntu lihlukile namanye amalungu ezigungu zamanxusa. umeluleki wayo kwaba kahle isiNgisi nesiFulentshi, kwadingeka umbono we sengqondo, inqubomgomo iBrithani neFrance. Hitler ngokuvamile zithintwe ngezinga elala kula mazwe, okungukuthi Ribbentrop futhi emthuma ukuba naseParis ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ohambweni, njengalezo ezihlobene kwezikhali. Futhi uma izingxoxo kuhluleke France, UK, waletha Hitler ngo-1935 isivumelwano sona sasungula amanye ibhalansi ilungelo mabutho German 100 ngesiNgisi futhi: 35, kanti amathuba ukuthuthukiswa kobungane nobudlelwane phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili.

iphuzu elihlukile akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane okuthiwa Ribbentrop Bureau, izimpokophelo ezaziyincithakalo nokuqeqeshwa professional kwabasebenzi zamanxusa ukwakha iKhabhinethi elisha, kanye nokuthuthukiswa angaphandle amasu inqubomgomo kanye nezinhlelo eJalimane. Kwakuthinta eliholwa Ribbentrop mathupha, akumangalisi ukuthi abantu abaningi kusukela SS kwaphawuleka phakathi osomaqhinga esizayo. Kamuva, bonke abasebenzi bakwa-Ministry Foreign-oda wakhe zifakwe Amabutho zokuvikeleka.

Enye inzuzo von Ribbentrop isiphetho e 1936-37 Anti-Comintern Pact atheleka kanye Japan nase-Italy zize ngokuhlanganyela ukunqanda ithonya lamaKhomanisi ezivela eMpumalanga. Ubumbano lwezinhlangano lala mazwe waphikelela waze ekupheleni kwempi yezwe yesibili futhi kuze kube muva nje bezama ukuyekisa ubukhomanisi zonke izinhlobo.

KwamaNazi UNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle eNew

Ngo-1938 wathola Ribbentrop wezangaPhandle, lempumelelo von Neurath. ubudlelwane yakhe nozakwethu kusukela yonakale. Okokuqala, akazange ahlupheke ukuzimela kakhulu ezindabeni inqubomgomo angaphandle, okuyinto bahlukunyezwe okufanayo Reichsfuehrer SS UHimmler noma i-ejensi Reichsleiter Rosenberg. Ilokhu eyaba khona phakathi kwabo okuningi empikiswaneni maqondana namaFreemason, amasonto, emazweni aseScandinavia, amaJuda, nokunye. D.

Okwesibili, abaningi wagxeka kungqongqoshe omusha e kowtowing ekuhlulekeni kaHitler ukuvikela iziphakamiso zabo. Ribbentrop Ngokwakhe (izinkumbulo irekhodwe ngalokuhlelekile kuye ngo-1946, kuqinisekiswa) uvumile ingxenye, elichaza ukuthi sokudumisa kwaba sibalo eqinile ngakho futhi onekhono ukuthi ngisho abantu abanenkani kakhulu nedlubulundayo kalula bamlalela-ke, ngenxa yokwesaba ukukhuzwa. Noma kunjalo, yena wazithethelela iqiniso lokuthi Hitler wayethambekele ukuthatha izinqumo ngesikhathi osithandayo, futhi von Ribbentrop hhayi kuphela wayengakwazi yokumbonisa.

imisebenzi eyandulela impi

Ngo umsebenzi wakhe omusha phambi kwamaNazi UNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle kwadingeka Izinjongo eziningana: Austria, Memel, le Sudetenland futhi eDanzig. Ribbentrop asekelwe ngokugcwele sokudumisa ngenhloso yokuzama ujoyine Austria kanye Sudeten amaJalimane kuya kwamaNazi, ngakho-ke faka kulo mzamo esiphezulu: Bahlela umhlangano inxusa Austria, ubambe izingxoxo nezinhlaka the British Prime Minister Chamberlain futhi iqhaza ekulungiseleleni Isivumelwano Munich. Hhayi ngaphandle ubudlova, futhi kamuva usolwa ngokunukubeza kabi umphakathi wamaJuda, ngoba, njengo uHitler, wafuna yikuchitheka kwakhe. Njengoba ePoland, ngo-Umlando wakhe, von Ribbentrop uthi akazi mayelana amalungiselelo empi nalo futhi wasebenzisa wonke amakhono akhe kwezokubuyisana isinqumo elinokuthula kwenzinye izingxabano. Nokho, amaqiniso uthi okuphambene, ngoba kungenxa isikhundla sakhe ayikwazanga esizayo engxabanweni engapheli nabasePoland lempi.

Ubudlelwano neSoviet Union ngaphambi kwempi

Umqalisi yokubuyiselwa ukuxhumana kanye izingxoxo phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili uye waba ngokunembile Joachim von Ribbentrop, kaHitler eside ayeqiniseka ukuthi kunesidingo sokusungula oxhumana ne-Soviet Union. Ngokubona kwakhe, lokhu kuqinisekiswe ukungathathi hlangothi Russian uma impi ne Poland, ngena ngemvume idili kwezomnotho imali eningi futhi beqiniseka kakhudlwana ukuba abonakale phambi amazwe aseNtshonalanga. Ngemva imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezingxoxo, uStalin bavumelana ukuhlangana omele German ogunyaziwe. Naphezu ukubukwa anti-lamakhomanisi, le sokudumisa wayethumele elizimisele eU.SSR Ribbentrop, ngoba yena ngokwakhe 'wayeyiNkosi German-Russian non-ubudlova inhlanganiso sibucayi mayelana nokusayina yakhe.

Umvuthwandaba-career - isivumelwano we Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact atheleka-August 23, 1939

Lo mcimbi wehlela emlandweni, kanye ezihlukahlukene izingxabano ezihambisana sikuthole kuze kube namuhla. Eqinisweni, akulula ukuchaza, njengoba kuphumelele okungezona ubudlova inhlanganiso lapho zombili ababenesithakazelo, waphenduka emikhulu impi wezimpi ezalandela. Nokho, ngo-1939, futhi eJalimane futhi iSoviet Union akazange ukuhlela iyiphi ukungenela ezempi ngo-izinqubomgomo nomunye, kunalokho, ophakathi kwala mazwe womabili esungulwe ubungani uma kungekhona (ekubukeni ukulondolozwa imibono ehlukene yefilosofi), kodwa ubuhlobo win win. Ubhala e Umlando wakhe, uNgqongqoshe-German Wezindaba Zangaphandle Ministry Foreign kubi ukucabanga eSoviet Union, lesi sibalo ezingaqondakali yababona uStalin. Ribbentrop besingalindele masinyane kangaka, futhi imfudumalo kwaba Kwatholakala ukuthi kanti Yabantu Commissar eMnyangweni wezangaPhandle Vyacheslav Mihaylovich Molotov yena umholi we-Soviet Union, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi osopolitiki Akumangalisi Ukwamukela ebucayini. Ngakho, Germany kanye eU.SSR ivume ukungathathi hlangothi mutual esimweni ukungena yimiphi amaqembu empini futhi enqaba uchuku zangaphandle ngokumelene nomunye.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, igunyaza imfihlo Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact atheleka, okuyinto ihlukaniswe eMpumalanga Yurophu aseBaltic ezindaweni ezithakazelisayo. ESoviet Union olawule iningi Baltic amazwe, Finland, eBessarabia, waya eJalimane, eLithuania nase Western Poland. Kamuva, ngo-September 28, lo mhosha ohlukanisa amabili zilungisiwe ngemva kwempi German-Polish futhi lelo yilungelo eliqinisekiswe iSivumelwano Amity kanye nemingcele. Kuye umkhankaso futhi exchange kwezomnotho: I elaseSoviet Union enikeziwe izinto zokusetshenziswa ezidingekayo-Jalimane, ngo-ukubuya wathola ulwazi ukuthuthukiswa yabo lobuchwepheshe, umshini onobuhle nokunye ..

Ribbentrop ekuqaleni kuka-1940

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi ekulweni neSoviet Union phakathi uHitler Ministry Foreign kunomehluko ngaphezulu, okuye kwaholela yokuthi uNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle, kanye umnyango wakhe babematasa ngokoqobo behlukene enifeza Inqubomgomo eMpumalanga. Von Ribbentrop ilahlekelwa sikhathi usithonye uya isikhundla salo umelene yokuma sokudumisa. Lokhu kuholela yokuthi ngo-1945 yena ngokwakhe akusho awathathe amandla uNgqongqoshe. Ngemva kweJalimane ayecashe nomkhaya wakhe e Hamburg, eboshelwe khona.

eNuremberg Izilingo

Okthoba 16, 1946 zenzeka ukubulawa kwabo abaholi walahla isiJalimane, ngubani batholakala benecala obugebengu aphambene ukuthula, ezihlukahlukene ukwephula imvelo lempi. Ribbentrop semisebenzi yakhe emthethweni kwakufanele isijeziso ngokulengiswa. Amathuna engafakwanga njengoba umlotha bahlakazeka.

uhlobo abazolandela

Ngemva kokufa kwayo, inkosikazi yakhe Anneliese Henkel eshicilelwe ngo-1953 i-memoir usebenza nomyeni wayo, bahlela futhi enezela kubo ngolwazi oludingekayo. Uma sikhuluma nezingane, indodana edume kunayo Ribbentrop uRudolf. Waba ilungu esezingeni SS, waba nengxenye izimpi Poland neFrance. Ingabe isosha impi ekulweni neSoviet Union balwa enyakatho-Soviet Union ngaleso laseKharkov lizinikele kuya baseMelika. Ngo-2015 wakhipha umqulu wencwadi, "Baba, Joachim von Ribbentrop. "Ungalokothi yalahla iRussia!" "Futhi ngisho zethula isipho salo eRussia. Izingane nabazukulu kunzima ngempela ukuba igama likayise noyisemkhulu, kodwa ukugqoka ke ngenhlonipho emphakathini wanamuhla. Ngokwesibonelo, umzukulu Ribbentrop, uDominic, ukusebenza nomthengisi safes, lapho etadisha ngokujulile kwemibhalo zomlando kwempi, wazizwa ebophekile ukuba ukwazi lonke iqiniso ngaleso sikhathi asinikiwe.