Jikelele Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich. i-curriculum vitae

Ukufa wahamba ngemva kwakhe. Kodwa wayenesihe abanesibindi, ngesibindi lucky, ngokungenamkhawulo walithanda izwe wabo, bakhonza yakhe ngokwethembeka. It is akukho ngozi, bekatsatsa isihloko "The Last Knight of the Empire, Russian."

"Black Baron"

Lokhu isidlaliso wanikwa indoda, okuyinto sifuna ukukutshela. It Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich. Biography emfushane it is kushiwo esihlokweni.

Ngu umsuka ngempela Baron. Wazalelwa sifundazwe Kovno Russia, e-Novoaleksandrovsk idolobha (manje Kaunas). Umkhaya - kusukela kwamadoda asebukhosini, a nohlu lozalo lwasendulo. Yena XIII leminyaka. ngu Genrikusa de Wrangell - Knight Order of the zamaJalimane - lilandisa ngohlu lozalo yayo.

A "abamnyama" Jikelele ngokuthi ngoba ngo-1918, njalo egqoka okufanayo umbala Cossack Circassian. Futhi ngisho ehlotshisiwe igobolondo amabhande. Lawa amasilinda ezincane ezenziwe amathambo noma isiliva, okuyinto zafakwa neziqhumane amacala. Igobolondo amabhande ngokuvamile exhunywe ephaketheni elisesifubeni.

Petro wake ethandwa kakhulu. Mayakovsky, isibonelo, wabhala: "Isinyathelo kwaqhuma endaweni Circassian omnyama".

A owayeyinzalo yalo lempi ekhazimulayo

Yena - unjiniyela ukuqeqeshwa. Wathweswa iziqu Mining Institute. Uyise - Vrangel Nikolay Egorovich - art umhlaziyi futhi wayengumprofethi futhi engumlobi. Libuye libe ngalendoda olukhulu kwakudala.

Mhlawumbe yingakho indodana isosha professional, futhi akazange acabange ukuze abe. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi kwenziwe zabo zofuzo. Kodwa iphuzu liwukuthi ukuthi jikelele P. N. Vrangel - lena legatsha ngqo Herman uMdala. Ngineminyaka engu e-Sweden (XVII c.), Inkambu-marshal. A umzukulu wakhe ngegama George Gustav wakhonza njengephayona Colonel eduze Charles XII. Futhi indodana lokugcina, ogama lakhe lalingu-Georg Hans, yaba kuphela ibutho Russian. Akekho noyedwa omkhulu nobaba omalume kanye abashana babe ezempi balwa izimpi, okuyinto kwakuvame Russia. uhlanga lwabo akuniké Europe semashi eziyisikhombisa ensimini, Admirals kakhulu futhi ojenene engaphezu kuka amathathu.

Ngakho-ke, uPetru abasha ubukwazi konke lokhu, azi ukuthi uthathe nokhokho isibonelo. efanayo Isiphathiswa isiRashiya, ogama lakhe engalotshwanga endaweni ethile, futhi odongeni wethempeli abadumile eMoscow. Wayelethwa bebalwe phakathi kwalabo abahlukunyezwa empini ye 1812. Enye umzala abanesibindi ethumba Shamil - umholi esiyivelakancane we bezintaba. Famous noFerdinand Wrangel, umhloli wamazwe Arctic sezempi yini. Ukuze kuhlonishwe yakhe futhi wetha lesi siqhingi ngokuthi. Futhi Pushkin - eyisihlobo "Black Baron" by umkhulu wakhe Hannibal - Moor sikaPeter Omkhulu.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, isihloko ngobuningi anikezelwe lezo zibalo eliyingqayizivele njengoba Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich, wafingqa nzima kakhulu. Kuningi amaqiniso kangcono kumveza lokhu uyindoda enesimo esihle. Thatha elilodwa kuphela yisiqubulo lolu hlobo - "Afe, kodwa ungadikibali!". Kodwa indaba yakhe hero yethu balandela konke ukuphila kwakhe.

I ilwa neJapane

Ngakho, esanda ubunjiniyela Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich wangabona esikhathini esizayo Alukho uxhumano phakathi kwawo ibutho. Yiqiniso, watadisha ngonyaka Horse Regiment. Kodwa Cornet omusha oqoshiwe ... in isitokwe. Wamuka emsebenzini - Irkutsk. Futhi akusiyo izikhulu amasosha nezakhamuzi.

Zonke amakhadi axutshwa eqhuma impi. Yena ngokuzithandela Wrangell. Futhi ngaphambili okokuqala, wabonisa izimfanelo zakhe isegazini ezempi. Lokhu Kwakungu ukubizwa kwakhe kweqiniso.

Umlando Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya. Wabhala everything ngokugcwele.

Ekupheleni kuka-1904 wakhushulelwa izinduna. Yanikezwa imiklomelo emibili: St Anne noSt Stanislaus. Yibona "Ngokwesibonelo" kuqala eqoqweni lakhe elikhulu imiklomelo.

Lapho impi yaphela, unjiniyela ungeke ucabange bona ngaphandle ibutho. Ngisho Imperial Academy e-General Assembly Abasebenzi base bamukelwe kakade iziqu ngo-1910.

A isigaba abagibele amahhashi

Okokuqala Umhlaba Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich wahlangana elisezingeni likakaputeni. Wayala a division of butho nalawo agibela amahhashi.

Kumanje ngenkosikazi nezingane 3. Angikwazanga ukuya phambili. Kodwa cha ngakhokhela lo. Futhi imibiko nga gange neziphathimandla futhi wabhala mayelana isibindi esivelele uCaptain Wrangel.

Vele amasonto amathathu futhi kwaba kusukela ekuqaleni lwalesi sibhicongo, futhi Posse wakhe kwadingeka ukuba benze umsebenzi oncomekayo. Ephonseka kuhlasela nalawo agibela amahhashi. isitha Ibhethri lithunjwa. Futhi enjalo feat Wrangell (kwabokuqala) kwaphawulwa. Wathola i the Order of St George. Ngokushesha "uvuthwe ngokwanele" ukuze sombutho. Ngo-1917, ngo-January, lapho - uMajor General. It is baziswa njengoba lempi ethembisa kakhulu. Ngo isici wabhala ukuthi Wrangel "isibindi esiphawulekayo." Kunoma isiphi isimo, uqonde ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi - ngokwedlulele. Kanye namasu kakhulu.

Ehlobo lika ngonyaka ofanayo - esinyathelweni esilandelayo. Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich manje induna neqembu elikhulu kakhulu nalawo agibela amahhashi. Kodwa -October Revolution futhi sashintsha isigubhukane trajectory zokuphila kwakhe.

ukuqoqa isibhakela

baron futhi ezinkulu jikelele wakhe lezinceku ayikwazanga ukwamukela, ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala. Ibutho kwesokunxele. Kuhanjiswe Yalta, yena wayehlala nomkhaya wakubo ngo-dacha wakhe. Lapha eboshwa, amaBolshevik wendawo. Kodwa lokho zazikhokhelwa kuye? umsuka Noble? Merit Military? Futhi ngokushesha wakhululwa, kodwa ayecashe kuze kube ibutho lamaJalimane akafakanga eCrimea.

Waya Kiev. Kuhlelwe ukungena inkonzo Hetman UPavlo Skoropadsky. Nokho, maduzane udumazeke. Uhulumeni ka-Ukraine (entsha) wayelula. Wawuthatha kuphela ashaya German.

Wrangel ethunyelwe edolobheni Ekaterinodar. Njengoba umkhuzi (1st egibele Division) kufika ku-sokuzithandela ibutho. Ngakho-ke waqala e-White Army of Baron isevisi entsha.

Ochwepheshe manje bathi impumelelo yayo - lena ngokuyinhloko inzuzo Wrangel, izinqola zakhe. Phela, wayehawukela njalo has amacebo ayo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho banye ayilwe izimpi kuzo zonke izimpi. Wakhetha ukusebenzisa ukuqoqa abakhwele amahhashi "isibhakela" futhi aphonse intuthuko kunoma iyiphi indawo eyodwa. Njalo ukhiqiza buhlungu force yokuthi isitha bagijima. Lezi operation abakhaliphile okuyinto eba kanye nokobana "Black Baron", futhi waqinisekisa ukunqoba impi njengoba Kuban neNorth eCaucasus.

Nasemseni Denikin

City abakhwele amahhashi Wrangel Tsaritsyn wathatha ngoJuni 1919. Futhi lapha kubalulekile, njengoba kwenzeka! Ngemva inhlanhla enjalo Baron yawela ihlazo. Anton Denikin induna Zinikele Army wayethukuthelele ngaye. Kungani? Iqiniso lokuthi zombili - wezempi ezinkulu - banemibono okuphambene ku esinye isinyathelo. Denikin okuhloswe ukuya eMoscow, Wrangell efanayo - baxhumane Kolchak (empumalanga).

Biography of Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha ebonisa ukuthi wayeqinisile ku amaphesenti ayikhulu. Ukuze kwemashi inhlokodolobha ahluliwe. Kodwa ngokunemba abaphikisi nakakhulu esazithukuthelisa Denikin. Futhi asuswe Jikelele Affairs.

Wrangel wesulile esikhundleni sakhe (February 1920). Ngaya iConstantinople.

ithemba elisha

Awu, yaphela i-career brilliant? Cha, ezulwini ngaphambilini ngenye indlela. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa kwesokunxele Denikin. Ngokwakhe basula. E Sevastopol, ngokuthi umkhandlu impi. umlawuli akhethwe induna Wrangel.

Kodwa lokho ayecabanga ukuthi uyoyithola? Phela, "amhlophe" - futhi kusobala - kwaba nje ubuso babo budabukile. lonke ibutho abase bebaleka. Qedela ekuchithweni kakade Kwahlaluka emkhathizwe.

Nokho, kwakungasho ukuthatha impi, Wrangel wenza isimangaliso amazing. Wayeka amabutho okuhlaselayo bomlilo "red". White Guards ixazululwe ngokuqinile eCrimea.

Inkosi ngoba ngosuku

Kulezi izinyanga eziyisithupha ngenzile kakhulu zokugcina knight Russian. Banikezwe ngephutha, waya ukuyekethisa Amazing kakhulu. Ngangifuna ukwenza abasekeli bakhe abantu abavela kuzo zonke izizinda zokuphila. Yena wakha icebo ka nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo, ezazihlanganisa ukunikeza umhlaba ukuze abalimi. EzingamaGreki nazo zamukela le izinyathelo okusalungiswa kwezenhlalo noma kwezomnotho. Kwakufanele 'ukunqoba' eRussia, kodwa hhayi izikhali, futhi ukuphumelela kwabo.

Ngisho Baron Kusolwa isakhiwo yase lizwe, enikwe ukuqaphela ukuzimela - futhi bezintaba, futhi-Ukraine.

Kodwa ngesikhathi esazama amandla, ukunyakaza iWhite Guard lalahleka - kokubili ngokoMthetho ngamazwe (West wenqaba ukubasiza), futhi ngaphakathi ezweni. AmaBolshevik elawulwa kakhulu Russia ngezisetshenziswa okuningi.

Wrangel entwasahlobo 1920, kwakudingeka atshale amasosha futhi ukuze kuxoshwe ngokuhlasela "red". It kuphumelele ehlobo. "White" langena endaweni ka-Northern Tavria. Babefanele Thenga kakhulu igilosa. Kodwa-ke inhlanhla kwakungasekho.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, uphuthelwe isikhathi. In Soviet Russia, abantu musa ukuzwa kwekuhlela kabusha okuhlongozwayo Wrangel. Kubo, kuba - njalo kuphela "Black Baron", okuyinto ihlose ukubuyisela "esihlalweni sobukhosi sombuso."

Yebo, Jikelele, futhi babengazifihli uzwela kwakhe. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwezombusazwe, smart, yena ohlelweni yakhe lokhu kugcizelelwe. Futhi nakanjani Angazi bagcizelele ukuthi, ngeshwa, kwakungasho lutho lokho.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Konke ukuphila Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha kwelinye sihloko akunakwenzeka ukutshela. Lilodwa isikhathi sokuhlala kwakhe phesheya, ungakwazi ukunikezela ivolumu.

Ngo-November 1920, i-iRed Army wafohla eCrimea. Futhi kulesi simo, Jikelele Wrangel futhi waziveza kahle. Wakwazi ukuhlela kuhlengwe White Army nezakhamuzi phesheya ukuthi lokudlela, chaos wayengekho. Kunikezwe bonke abathandayo. Wrangell uqobo wengamela lapho ku ngumbhubhisi ukhwele nezimbobo.

Kwakuyisenzo esasibonisa feat lula. Yena - amabutho Wrangel eyodwa kuphela. Ngemva jikelele ayekhiphe owawuvela eCrimea (ngo-November 1920), njengoba abaningi 132 imikhumbi egcwele umkhawulo! Balibangisa ababaleki - ayizinkulungwane 145 693 abantu, kanye namatilosi omkhumbi.

Kwesobunxele kanye umhleli. Lapho, ekhaya, afike wasungula khona iSikhungo Russian Military Union (1924), owayengomunye ngomumo nganoma isiphi isikhathi ukungena esempini ngokumelene Bolshevism. Futhi wakwazi ukukwenza. The backbone of bonke babe izikhulu wangaphambili. Yileso eziningi kakhulu futhi enamandla kakhulu inhlangano beloemigrantov. Bhalisiwe ngima ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu amalungu.

AmaBolshevik asabela ngayo kubo ngokuqapha okukhulu. Kuyinto akukho ngozi abaholi abaningi noma bathunjwa, noma babulawe eSoviet inkonzo imfihlo.

Ekwindla ka-1927 ukuya Baron, ngubani amaphupho yokuziphindiselela, kwadingeka ukukhumbula ukuthi ezandleni umkhaya omkhulu. Ukuze ondle. Kusukela waseConstantinople ndawonye nomkhaya wakhe wathuthela Brussels. Wobunjiniyela athola khona umsebenzi enkampanini.

Enkundleni yempi

Njalo lempi usuku ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, okuyinto kwenzakala eziningi kuliwa, waba nesibindi impela. indaba Alone okwenzeka ngayo lokho Okokuqala Umhlaba, okuyinto kuwufanele. Umlawuli we isigaba abagibele amahhashi sasingamashumi, njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngesibindi lejubane. Kwenye indawo induna samanje Kaliningrad esifundeni, Wrangell, ukuthola imvume ukuhlasela ibhethri isitha, ukuhlaselwa kwenziwe ngokushesha. Futhi ashaqe izibhamu ezimbili. Futhi omunye wabo wakwazi ukuthatha shot zokugcina. Wabulala ihhashi lapho wahlala umlawuli ...

Nakuba eConstantinople, Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich waphila yacht. Ngelinye ilanga rammed. Kwakuwusuku umkhumbi wase-Italy, kodwa waphuma Batumi yethu. Yahtochka Ngishoné amehlo. Akekho emndenini Wrangel ebhodini wayengekho lapho. A amalungu amathathu iqembu abulawa. izimo Ongavamile sigameko ephakanyiswe izinsolo ukushayisana ngamabomu nge yacht. Baqinisekisa namuhla Abacwaningi baseSoviet abaphenya umsebenzi inkonzo imfihlo. Lokhu kwakuhilela Olga Golubovska, abavela kwamanye amazwe kanye ejenti lokuphikisana neziphathimandla zamaSoviet.

Futhi iqiniso elilodwa elishiwo ngaphezulu. ngemva nje kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ukufika e Brussels, uPetru N. kungalindelekile wafa (sofuba ukutheleleka). Nokho, umndeni wasikisela ukuthi umzalwane wakhe uLoti anobuthi inceku owayekade exhunywe Baron. Yena, futhi, kwaba ngo-ejenti NKVD. Le nguqulo manje ukuqinisekisile ngeminye imithombo.

ukuphila Stormy! isiphetho abathandwayo. Kukhona incwadi, isandulela eyabhalwa umlobi UNikolai Starikov - ". Umlando ka Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya" Kuwufanele ukufunda. It kuholela acabange ajule.