Iziphi izinkinga zempilo angabangela iziqhumane?

Uma une inja, khona-ke cishe musa nje ukubuka lesi simo. Uma eduze nawe iziqhumane ngokuzumayo yamila, ubona ukuthi inja yakho sengathi othile esikhundleni: it iqala ukuthuthumela, ivame ukuba ufihle kude bonke abantu, ngenxa yalokho - une lonke kusihlwa uzama ukumduduza. Empeleni, ngekusho kwa abanye ochwepheshe, kuvela, ngakho ukuziphatha kwabo inja yakho uzama ukusho okuthile kuwe.

Kungani iziqhumane ziyingozi ngezindlela eziningi?

Ezweni, futhi emakhulwini eminyaka elikhulu, elikhanyayo, ezimibalabala, ukuqhuma injabulo ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana iziqhumane kwakuyinqubo oluthandayo zonke izinhlobo nemihlangano yasobala.

AmaShayina yasungulwa kubo eminyakeni 2000 edlule, kodwa ngalezo zinsuku babezisebenzisela ngezinhloso utilitarian ngaphezulu, ezifana scaring izipoki abayimizulane.

Ngakho-ke, kwabanye kungase kukumangaze uma bezwa ukuthi ochwepheshe abatadisha lomoya, kanye ochwepheshe abaningi bezempilo abakalungiselelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa iziqhumane ngoba izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene zemikhosi. Iziqhumane, njengoba vele sesiyazi, ungakwazi engcolisa umoya, ngenxa ukuqhuma zikhishwa amakhemikhali kakhulu kuyacasula. Okubi nakakhulu, ukungcoliswa komoya, okuyinto ixhunywe nokusetshenziswa iziqhumane ngandlela-thile, kungase kuholele ezinkingeni zempilo abalulekile, kungaba kubi kakhulu nezifo ezingamahlala khona. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo bantu babe somoya futhi unezinkinga zenhliziyo.

ZIHALALISELA kanye izinga lomoya

abacwaningi eziningana abatadisha imvelo, bacubungula lomoya ngemuva abantu baye basebenzisa iziqhumane ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni wonke. Konke lokhu ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ngenxa yokuqhuma setha ezingcolisayo ezikhishwe emoyeni, okungekho noyedwa kwethu ongafuni ukuba ngiphefumule.

Air iziqhumane - a ezinabantu phama amakhemikhali oluvuthayo, okuyinto zenzelwe ngokucophelela ukudala i umsindo umxhwele futhi visual effects kubona ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhomu.

Black powder (ingxube amalahle, isibabule potassium nitrate) isetshenziswa ukuze aphule igobolondo, okuqukethwe ukusebenzisa emoyeni, bese (nge-fuse ezivumelanisiwe) kukhona ukuqhuma. Ngenxa yalokho wale mithandazo kukhona "izinkanyezi" (izinto eyindilinga ezincane, okuyinto lapho lokhelwa, ashise kancane kakhulu) kuzo zonke izindawo. Izinkanyezi ukukhiqiza izinhlansi eliqhakazile ngakho siyajabula.

Kanjani ukuze uthole inhlansi ngemibala ehlukene?

Baningi amakhemikhali asetshenziswa ukudala zonke imibala sizobona lapho iziqhumane qhumisa. Ngokwesibonelo, i-sodium compounds ukukhiqiza ophuzi izinhlansi barium yombala kwakwakhe - oluhlaza, ithusi compounds - brown, Sesithombe futhi lithium - shades abomvu. Okunye amakhemikhali, ezifana phambili, i-arsenic, manganese, aluminium, cadmium nensimbi zisetshenziselwa ukwakha imiphumela ehlukile.

Lokho labo abazokwazi sintanta izinhlayiya emoyeni?

Ngaphandle izinhlobo esezingeni kwekhabhoni gaseous okuyinto umphumela evutha hydrocarbon (isb, isikhutha, i-sulphur dioxide ne-carbon), kuholele ukuqhuma emkhathini angangeni sebuningini nezinye izinto. Abaningi babo atholakala ifomu izinhlayiya emoyeni ukuthi ube usayizi encane kakhulu. Lapha kalula engena ijule amaphaphu ethu lapho esiwuphefumulayo. I izinhlayiya engabonakali ukuthi kukhona emoyeni ngemuva ukuqhuma, ngokuvamile aqukethe ezihlukahlukene amakhemikhali, metal.

Imiphumela eminingi izinga lomoya ezindaweni eduze ukuqhuma iziqhumane ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ngokushesha ngemva iziqhumane nge high Isivinini izinhlayiya amakhemikhali ukungena emoyeni futhi singcolise ngokushesha endaweni engaba amakhilomitha ambalwa. Kuyoze kube nini emoyeni kungaba ezingcolile, njengoba endaweni ikhathazekile, it is kuhlobane ngokuqondile nesimo sendawo bendawo, ikakhulukazi lakhombisa simo selitulu ezifana isivinini somoya, umswakama nasemvuleni. Noma kunjalo, izinga ngeke ziwohloka okungenani amahora ambalwa.

Iziphi izinkinga zempilo kungabonwa emva ukuqhuma?

Kuyinto eyaziwayo ukuthi izinhlayiya engabonakali ukuthi kukhona emoyeni, kungabangela izinkinga umgudu wokuphefumula.

Iziguli nesifo samaphaphu wazibonela aphakeme particulate ndaba, futhi ehambisana ukubukeka iphika, eziya ziba zimbi umsebenzi yamaphaphu. Kukhona ingozi yokuba esibhedlela, kwezinye izimo, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka. Nakuba-ke engakaze kungase kutholakale 100% ukuthi impilo engeyinhle kuhlobene nokusetshenziswa iziqhumane, izazi zikholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa izinto eziyingozi ukuthi ukungena emoyeni ngemuva ukuqhuma Yiqiniso, kungase kubangele lezi zinkinga efanayo.

Iziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingavela?

Kuye kungase kutholakale ukuthi abantu abanale isifuba somoya, umoya ongcolile eshubisa izimpawu. ukuhlaselwa abanolaka Ikakhulukazi singenzeka ngisho nalapho ungeyena esondelene kakhulu ume eduze kwendawo lapho uhlela kuqhunyiswa iziqhumane.

Nanyana lokhu begade kuyinto hhayi kungase kutholakale ukuthi umoya ongcolile emva iziqhumane kwenza ukuhlaselwa abantu inhliziyo nezinye izinkinga okukhulu izitsha inhliziyo negazi, kodwa yisiphi isizathu, okungase kubangele amazinga-mpilo enciphile egazini, kungaba yingozi ngomuntu yokumelwa yinhliziyo. Abantu abaye kabi elawulwa angina, noma labo ukumelwa inhliziyo, kufanele uqaphe kakhulu.

Indlela yokugwema izinkinga zezempilo

Izinkinga ukuthi abantu empeleni obangelwa emoyeni yeziqhumane ngokuyinhloko afana ngezinkinga ezaphakama ngenxa yanoma yisiphi esinye komoya.

Umehluko omkhulu wukuthi, ngokungafani yokungcola ejwayelekile, lowo oza evela ukusetshenziswa iziqhumane, kungokwesikhashana. Futhi ngisho kangcono - ihlelelwe. Imvelo kwesikhashana kusengaphambili lomcimbi okuhleliwe ngokuvamile kusivumela ukwenza kanjalo ugweme izinkinga eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Sebenzisa ingqondo - kuyinto isihluthulelo sokuxazulula udaba. Uma une somoya, kufanele aqikelele ukuthi ayakugwema nokuxhumana iziqhumane. Uma kuyoba eseduze ngesikhathi lesi senzo, kudingeka uthole kule ndawo ngangokunokwenzeka, kungcono ukuya iphambane nomoya. Uma iziqhumane ngizoqhuma egumbini, zama ukuba egumbini kahle umoya.

Uma une ufuba nasekulweni nawe nje ngeke aliyeke a iziqhumane ezinhle, kufanele ucabangele ukusebenzisa ibhandishi ovikelayo noma buso ezivamile ukuvikela ipheshana zokuphefumula amakhemikhali. Qiniseka ukuthi une ephaketheni lakho kuyinto nesifutho wokutakula.

Uma Kulungile ezempilo, ingozi ibonakala sakugcina kakhulu. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, siyabadinga ngempela ukuthi yini imiphumela ingase ibe. Ngakho qaphela iziqhumane bekude, ukuze esikhathini esizayo ukunciphisa amathuba akho ukubonakaliswa zonke izinhlobo zezifo.

inothi

Iziqhumane sina ukungcoliswa komoya ne chemical. Noma kunjalo, okwamanje, izinkinga lwezokwelapha, okwathi kamuva laba kubangelwe ukuchayeka kule ukungcola, livela ukwesabisa kuphela labo bantu abavele banezinkinga zempilo. Uma une isifuba somoya noma ukumelwa inhliziyo, kufanele sizame ukuhlala kude ukubaniza elikhanyayo, kuyinto efiselekayo ngokushesha ekamelweni, lapho iziqhumane amabhomu mgwaqo. Zonke abanye kufanele azame ukuze bajabulele ubuhle buqamama ezinengqondo.