Izintela ngabanye ikakhulukazi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwabo

Ukuthola izimali e isabelomali, ngenxa ongaphakeme intela ngekubayala nangekubacondzisa deformations ukuziphatha ejenti kwezomnotho, ngokuvamile kuholela nemiphumela engathandeki: nokwehlisa kweBraam- ngumbuso kanye, Ngakho-ke, ukuntuleka nokukhula kwe-GDP (okubizwa ngokuthi Ukugcwala ukuphuma umphumela «isixuku ukuphuma umphumela», evulekile US Economist R. Barroso). Okuphambili izinkinga, njengoba kuyingxenye lo mphumela setemnotfo kazwelonke zanamuhla?

Hlola uxhumano phakathi Dynamics utshalomali zomphakathi kanye nezizimele, ikhumbula lags isikhathi lag ukusabela kweBraam- kubonisa ukuthi eduze kangakanani ukubaluleka iyunithi, kuba ilapho zithola okwengeziwe ukuhlanganisa eduze. Nokho, njengoba siqhubekela phambili kulesi simo emakethe iyashintsha: sekube okwandisa ukuhlanganisa emkhatsini lezi macroparameters.

Ukuhlaziya ubudlelwano phakathi Dynamics ivolumu kwezindleko yomphakathi kanye nyangazonke nokukhula kwe-GDP iye kwabonisa nokuthi kukhona eduze isixhumanisi uhulumeni imali kanye okukhipha kazwelonke emnothweni Russian. Singasho isimo Kusolwa kokuchitha nomthelela obalulekile macrodynamics isigwedlo.

Uhlola ngabe intela ngabanye ngokusobala emnothweni wethu njengoba asizakale esiphikisayo cyclical kanye stimulator sokukhula komnotho, noma njengoba nje indlela ubuyise yengcebo?

izintela okuqondile, ngokuvumelana indlela Keynesian, kukhona iziyisikhombisa othomathikhi inqubomgomo yentela, ngoba ukubaluleka kwabo imali ejenti kwezomnotho cishe ngqo ezilinganiselwe futhi eziletha kubantu intela, ngaleyo ndlela, ivolumu umkhiqizo wonyaka wonke ohlangene.

Kule ndaba, kufanele ushintshe kahle kakhulu ukuthonya macrodynamics kuka izinguquko intela engaqondile. Kodwa ngokuvumelana imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukunikezela liyana, ungakwazi ukubambezela izinga ukwehla kwentela ezilinganiselwe. Lokhu kwesisekelo theory kwaba ngesikhathi esisodwa sezizathu sokuthuthukiswa kwiphrojekthi Russian Federation shift kancane kancane izinto eziza kuqala ku izintela kubantu, okuyinto enomthelela predominance zentela eqondile. Labo namuhla: umhlaba, imali, ukuthengwa izimali zakwamanye amazwe, impahla, ukukhangisa kanye nezimali: amasiko, yokupaka umngcele imvume, ukuhlanza izindawo. Abantu akhokhe iminikelo yesikhwama sempesheni kanye non-IP - yokubhalisa.

Nokho, isakhiwo eziqoqwayo nesabelomali, kuhlanganise i-income tax kubantu, kanye nezinye namarisidi kuzo, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe Kuthi ezahlukene - thina wabusa izintela engesobala. Ngakho-ke, i-functional zezibalo ubuhlobo GDP Dynamics ivolumu ngqo intela amaqoqo izobandakanya ngoshintsho ngokuzenzekelayo nemingcele. ukuhlaziya ngokwezibalo ebonisa ukuthi isigwedlo ephumelela kunazo ukuthonya macrodynamics yisabelo oqondile yentela GDP, esikhundleni enjalo, okuyinto i-income tax kubantu nat.

Kule ndaba, ukuthuthukiswa kwesu kwezimali ayibalulekile nje ukwazi ukusebenza zentela eqondile njengoba isigwedlo countercyclical kwezimali, kodwa futhi nawubuka izimali zentela kusukela amagugu abo ngesikhathi esedlule zinkathi. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa lingachazwa ngosizo izindlela kwezomnotho ukuhlaziywa.

Esikhathini izincwadi kwezomnotho futhi kunenkolelo eyaziwayo ukuthi umnotho wezwe kuyinto kakhulu sensitive izinguquko intela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthiwa lokhu lobu buhlobo eminyakeni yamuva kuye kwakhula kakhulu, njengoba kusolakala ukuthi kufakazelwa lenani eliphakeme futhi esandayo intela multipliers. Lezi izilinganiso kufanele aphathwe ngokuqapha, ngoba nokukhula kwe-GDP kwabeka isisekelo sokuthethelelwa lokhu ukubala eyayingenziwa ukuze bathole, nezinye izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka impendulo kazwelonke-level izinguquko intela ukukhiqizwa kuthatha isikhathi, nezintela kubantu - mkhuba wamanje. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba ukhulume umphumela elihlangene izinguquko intela, kwasakazwa isikhathi.

Ukucutshungulwa umphumela emnothweni, ithonya izintela ifomu evamile ngokusebenzisa inqubo okuthiwa Okuphindaphinda kwezimali akunembile. Njengoba lesi sibalo akubandakanyi izici engesobala. Izinga intela oqondile ingenye iziyisikhombisa ephumelela kunazo zonke bushelelezi kwezimali Dynamics cyclical. Kodwa uma isetshenziswa e isu izinqubomgomo ukusimama komnotho kufanele bacabangele amaphuzu amathathu amakhulu:

• phakathi ushintsho share zentela eqondile kanye okukhipha kazwelonke impendulo lag lag ukhona;
• umphumela umphumela intela macrodynamics kwasakazwa isikhathi;
• ushintsho kwesikhathi esisodwa umthwalo wentela emnothweni akugcini nje nokunwetshiwe izinguquko Dynamics-GDP, kepha futhi the Dynamics eziqoqwayo ezinkathini zesikhathi esizayo.