Inqubomgomo Fiscal: emihle nemibi kokusebenza yayo

inqubomgomo Fiscal - inqubomgomo isimo emkhakheni intela, okumele abe enqophe izinhloso ezihlobene ukukhuthazwa ukukhula komnotho kanye ukusebenza okugcwele, kanye ukuhlangabezana nezinselele esabekwa inqubomgomo kwesakhiwo, nomphakathi kanye njalo.

Ngenxa yalokho ukusebenza kwawo kukhona izinguquko eziphawulekayo ukusetshenziswa kwezimali kanye ngemali yesabelomali isimo. Izinto ongahlola ngazo kungaba kwenziwe ngokuzenzakalela ngesisekelo izinguquko isimo somnotho (ngaphandle kwezinguquko ekhethekile nezomthetho) futhi sibonga imisebenzi okunenjongo we ezimbili amagatsha kahulumeni. Okungukuthi, kuye ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho amathuluzi izinhlobo inqubomgomo yentela ihlukaniswe discretionary futhi okungezona discretionary.

inqubomgomo discretionary kungenziwa amelwe ngesimo izinguquko zomthetho ohlelweni intela futhi uhulumeni ukuze kube nesiqiniseko sokuthi kunokuthula futhi sifinyelele imigomo eyinhloko Macroeconomics.

Izinsimbi zomculo esemqoka yalolu hlobo zihlanganisa:

- Ukulungiswa of imali yentela ngokushintsha inani izintela amazinga abo. Ngakho, ukushintsha isilinganiso sentela, isimo izuzwe ekunciphiseni Ukugodla imali sikhathi sokwehla kwamandla omnotho noma ukwehla izimali ngesikhathi ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi izinga inzuzo. Leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa ekulweni nokwehla kwamandla emali.

- Ukunikeza abantu abangasebenzi umsebenzi. Ukukhokhela imisebenzi eyenziwa ziqhamuka isabelomali isimo.

- Ukwenziwa kwezinhlelo ezinjalo nomphakathi njengoba ukukhokhwa sokuguga impesheni nokukhubazeka, izibonelelo ahlukahlukene, imixhaso ukukhokhela imfundo, njll Lezi zinhlelo unikeze sinjalo komnotho at ezahlukene oscillations wave-like we ukusebenza ezweni.

inqubomgomo Non-discretionary kwezimali kusekelwe ubuhlobo eziqoqwayo kanye izindleko isimo nge umsebenzi abamabhizinisi, kanye izinguquko izimo zomnotho. Lokhu kusebenzelana Kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo futhi ngokushesha kubonakala isisindo ezithile intela ohlangothini ngemali yesabelomali futhi ahlobene izindleko emibuthanweni yokuzijabulisa ohlangothini nezindleko. Lokhu kungenziwa okwaboniswa isibonelo intela engenayo ngabanye. Ngempela, ukwanda izimali kulesi sihloko, kwandisa ngokuzenzakalelayo inani namarhubhelo wokungasebenzi. Lapho kwakukhona ukwehla izinqubo nezomnotho kuleli zwe imali eyiphinda wancipha consequently encishisiwe eziqoqwayo kusukela amaholo nesabelomali (kwentela engenayo esithathwayo ngezinga elingelikhulu okuqhubekayo amacala). Ngenxa aphansi intela namarisidi livela kwesabelo sezimali, okuyinto satellite yokwehla ekukhiqizeni.

inqubomgomo Fiscal kungenziwa labizwa nezinye ngezizathu - inkanuko noma Ukulawula. Ngakho, inkanuko kunqubomgomo esetshenziswa ngesikhathi kuwa jikelele kwezomnotho futhi ihlongoze abukhali intela ukusikeka kanye senyusa imali uhulumeni eziholela ukuvela kusilela yentela. inqubomgomo Contractionary kwezimali ingasetshenziswa ngezikhathi emali okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi lihlotshaniswa intela anda futhi yehlise lechitfwa nguhulumende. Ngokusho imiphumela nokuqaliswa kwalo kukhona khona insalela isabelomali engasetshenziswa ukuba abuyisele debt umphakathi.

Ekuhloleni ukusebenza kwenqubomgomo ucacisa oluxhumekeke asekelayo kungagcini ukusetshenziswa kwalo kungenzeka kube nokungqubuzana, okuyilezi:

- ekushintshashintsheni elibukhali isakhiwo kwezindleko zomphakathi (isibonelo, isidingo izimali ezongeziwe ikhono ukuvikela isimo sika, ukuvikeleka kwemvelo futhi ucwaningo lwesayensi) ungavumeli ukusebenzisa ngempumelelo kanye nokwenza lula ukubhekwa kanye constraining inqubomgomo;

- kahle High ukusetshenziswa inqubomgomo yentela amathuluzi kuphela azuzwe esikhathini esifushane;

- kukhona lag umphumela: isidingo zatrachivaniya sikhathi esengeziwe lapho kwemukelwa khona imigomo, emva ukungena force kwalowo imiphumela emihle kungenzeka nje kuphela ngemva kwenkathi ethile.

Nokho, ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu inqubomgomo yentela ingafinyelelwa nokuqaliswa kwalo kanye yemali.