Izinhlobo ze-caviar ebomvu - kanjani ukuhlukanisa phakathi komunye nomunye? Indlela yokukhetha nokugcina?

Labo abakwazi ukunambitha zonke izinhlobo ze-caviar ebomvu, kulula ukucacisa okuthandayo. Futhi yini abantu abayitholayo lokhu kudla ngamaholide futhi abafuni ukwenza iphutha ekukhetheni umkhiqizo onjalo obizayo? Lesi sihloko sichaza izinhlobo ezikhona zezinto ezibuhlungu ngokulandelana, izindleko nokubuyekezwa kwabantu. Futhi futhi kufakwe izincomo zokuthengwa kwemikhiqizo yekhwalithi.

Ukukhiqizwa

I-Salmon yokuzijabulisa idliwe eMastern East Far (Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Kuriles). Umndeni walezi zinhlanzi uhlala ePacific nase-Atlantic Ocean. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, ukubeka amaqanda, abantu abadala baya emifuleni yamanzi ahlanzekile. Lapho babanjwa ngamanetha ukuze baqhubekele phambili. Abameleli abadumile abawela kwinethiwekhi yabadobi eMpumalanga Ekude yi-saumon pink, i-salmon, i-salmon ye-sockeye, i-salmon ye-coho, i-chum salmon. Kuye ngokuthi iyiphi inhlanzi etholakalayo i-granular delicacy, i-species ehambisana ne-caviar ebomvu iyahlukaniswa.

Emva kokudoba, inyamazane isithunyelwa esitshaleni lapho sinqunywe khona. Okusho ukuthi, bakhulula isisu kusuka ku-caviar, bahlanza izinhlanzi futhi bayithumele ekuqandeni okukhulu. Umkhiqizo we-granular esitolo esilandelayo udlulisa ngokucophelela kuze kutholakale umkhiqizo wokugcina. Kuqala ukukhulula kugobolondo ukutholakala okusanhlamvu ngokugaya okukhethekile, bese usawoti bese uthunyelwa emnyangweni wokuhlola. Lapho, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okuqinile, i-nucleoli ephukile isuswe, emva kwalokho umkhiqizo okhethiwe ugcwele. Ngakho emashalofini ezitolo zithathwa yizimboni ezibomvu ze-caviar iSakhalin, iKamchatka neKuril.

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

Kuze kube yikhulu lama-19, izithameli, izakhamuzi zaseMakchatka, zadla umkhiqizo we-granular esimweni esiluhlaza noma esomisiwe. Bafunda indlela yokuthaka ukudla okubomvu kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX. Ubudlelwane namaRussia nge-sturgeon (abamnyama) caviar bekhula ngokushesha. E-Russia yaseTsarist, lo mkhiqizo wawutholakala kubo bonke: abahlonishwayo, nabantu abavamile. I-Poaching ivimbele ukuvinjwa kwe-sturgeon kusukela ngo-2007, ngakho-ke i-caviar emnyama manje ikhiqizwa ngokukhiqizwa kwe-aquaculture.

I-caviar ebomvu, intengo yayo namuhla engabizi kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa namanje ilungile, inesixazululo esilandelayo: kusuka ku-ton elilodwa le-salmon e-pink - 40 kg. Ngokusho kukaRosrybolovstva, ngonyaka ka-2014, amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nambili zemikhiqizo ye-salmon ye-grain atholakala.

Ukukhiqiza okufakelwayo

Umndeni we-saumon uveza ngesikhathi esisodwa, emva kwalokho abameleli be-genus babhubha. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi zibanjwa futhi zivuliwe. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinto zine-caviar emnyama. Ngokususwa kokufakelwa kwe-sturgeon, owesifazane we-cheddar akaqothulwanga, kepha ukufakwa kwe-mini kukhishwa, okukhishwa kuyo i-black caviar, bese kukhishwa inhlanzi.

EMpumalanga Ekude, umndeni we-salmon usukhulile. Ngemuva kokufinyelela isisindo esithile sabantu abasha abakhishwe olwandle ukuze bakhiqize futhi baqhubeke nokukhula. Ukudoba ezimbonini kwezinhlanzi eMpumalanga Ekude kunikezwa ukukhiqizwa okunjalo. Ngakho roe salmon roe, chum salmon kanye salmon coho, ukufika etafuleni gourmet, uya kude ukulima okufakelwayo kuze ukuvuthwa, okuyinto kusuka eminyakeni ezintathu kuya kwemihlanu.

Izinhlobo ze-caviar ebomvu nokuhlukana kwazo

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, i-caviar evamile ye-salmon ye-Pacific ithengiswa i-salmon ebomvu, i-chum salmon, i-salmon ne-salmon ye-sockeye. Izindleko zomkhiqizo kusuka ku-salmon ye-sockeye kanye ne-salmon e-pink zithengeka kunokudla okuvela ku-chum salmon kanye ne-coho salmon.

Ukunambitheka, umbala nobukhulu bezinhlamvu yizici eziqakathekileko zokudla okumnandi kwe-gastronomic. Umkhiqizo wemibala ekhanyayo yama-orange (5-7 mm) ekhanyayo, izici zayo zokunambitheka ziyaziswa phakathi kwama-gourmets.

I-Caviar pink caviar ibhekwa njengomkhiqizo ovamile, ubukhulu be-nucleoli buphansi kakhulu kunokwenyama keto, ukunambitheka kuyi-classical - brackish and oil.

I-caviar ye-salmon ye-sockeye kanye ne-salmon ye-coho inezinhlamvu ezincane zombala obomvu obomvu. Umkhiqizo we-sockeye salmon ubaba. I-caviar coho ebomvu nayo inambitheka emunyu, kepha ingaphansi kwe-salmon ye-sockeye.

Ukupakisha

EMpumalanga Ekude YaseRussia, emva kokukhishwa kwe-caviar, igcinwa futhi igxilwe zibe amathini ukuthengisa umkhiqizo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zokudla okumnandi esimweni sosawoti zithunyelwa emafrijini kwezinye izifunda zaseRussia Federation zokupakisha. Umkhiqizo uhlelwe ngesandla, ngoba i-nucleoli yonakaliswa ngendlela ehlelekile, futhi kulokhu i-salmon roe ithola impendulo engalungile.

Ukudla okunomsoco kunesitolo esithengiswa ngamafomu amathathu: isisindo, esitsheni kanye neziqukathi zangilazi. Okukhethwa kukho kungcono imbiza engilazi. Kulesi simo, amathuba okuthenga ikati esikhwameni sincishisiwe: amaqanda angabhekwa ukuba khona kwamanzi okungafuneki kanye nesimo se-nucleoli. Uma uvula uhlangothi lommbila, amaqanda akufanele ahlele phansi.

Ku-tin kungabuye ibe umkhiqizo wekhwalithi, kodwa udinga ukwazi ukuthi uyayihlola kanjani. Ibhange kufanele libe nolwazi ngesimo sezimpawu zokudlulisa emigqeni emithathu. Lona usuku lokukhiqiza, igama elithi "caviar" kanye nekhodi yesitshalo. I-convexity yezibonakaliso kuyisibonakaliso sokupakisha efektri, ngoba izimpawu ezifakiwe zilula ukuzisebenzisa ngesandla ngesandla. Ngokweminye imibiko, cishe i-20% yomkhiqizo we-granular awugciniwe ngezindlela zefektri.

Ukuthengisa umkhiqizo ngesisindo

Izinhlobo ezibalwe ze-caviar ezibomvu zingawela emashalofini avulekile futhi zithengiswe ngesisindo. Khona-ke amathuba okuba udoti uphume ngokungemthetho. Noma kunjalo, kuleli fomu, ungathenga umkhiqizo omuhle. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele ubheke i-nucleoli. Ikakhulukazi emaqanda ahlwanyelwe amaqanda, ichashazi elimnyama elibonakalayo libonakala ngokucacile - lena yindawo yombungu. Ukuba khona kwesibonakaliso esinjalo kukhuluma ngemvelaphi yemvelo yesidlo esimnandi. Ama-polyphosphate-okufakiwe okusanhlamvu anebukeka obunzima ne-nuclei enkulu. Ungahlola ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngokuqoqa okusanhlamvu okukodwa. Ku-touch, i-core eyakhelwe ngokwezifiso inzima futhi ayiqhuma.

Uma uthenga i-caviar ngesisindo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukutholakala kwe-sludge emgodini. Liwumbala ombala obombala owenzayo ekuhlanjuleni noma ekuqotheni amaqanda. Futhi lokhu kuphulwa kwenqubo yezobuchwepheshe yokukhiqizwa kokudla okuncane kwaseMpumalanga Ekude.

Ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa

Kubonakala sengathi, kusuka kuphi, ngaphandle kwe-caviar nosawoti, kungaba umkhiqizo we-granular? Kodwa-ke, i-asidi ye-sorbic ne-benzonate ye-sodium (E200 no-E211) yengezwe kuso ukuze kwandiswe impilo yeshalofu yokudla. Lezi zinhlobo zokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesibumba kanye nesilwane sesinambuzane, ngoba i-caviar, ngisho noma usawoti, umkhiqizo ongabhubhi. Ukuba khona kwalezi zithasiselo kuvunyelwe.

Kwaphela iminyaka engu-40, i-urotropine yanezelwa ekudleni okumnandi nge-salting. Kuyinto imithi elwa namagciwane asetshenziselwa ukwelapha urolithiasis ezilwaneni. Kodwa ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi, ukungena esiswini somuntu, i-E239 yokulondolozwa iphenduka i-formaldehyde, ebangela umphumela we-mutagenic. Kusukela ngo-2010, i-Russian Federation ivinjelwe ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa lapho i-salting caviar.

I-delicacy igcinwa esiqandisini. Kulezi ziqukathi, ezakhiwe ngendlela yezimboni, impilo yeshalofu ye-caviar ingu-1 unyaka. Ngemva kokuvula, ukudla kwaseMpumalanga Ekude akufanele kugcinwe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwesikhombisa. Ukutholakala kwe-sludge epholile emgodini nge caviar kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala kokuvutshelwa. Umkhiqizo onjalo ungaqukatha u-E. coli.

Izindleko nokuphendula

I-Salmon caviar, inani layo ngo-2016 lingama-ruble angu-500 ngamagremu angu-140, kuthiwa liyi-fount yama-polyunsaturated fatty acids. Isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo, iqinisa amathambo futhi ngokuvamile ikhulisa ukuzivikela. Ungayala i-caviar evela eSakhalin, kodwa uma isisindo somkhiqizo singu-11 kg, khona-ke intengo ngayinye izoba ngama-ruble angu-3000.

Njengoba i-caviar ithengwa njalo futhi ngaphambi kwamaholide, kubalulekile ukuthenga umkhiqizo wekhwalithi, uma uyinambitha, ungajabula. Ukuhlola kwe-sovikeye kwe-Caviar kuhlanganisiwe. I-Gorky ukunambitheka, njengaleyo ye-salon coho, akuwona wonke umuntu othanda. Kodwa ukunambitheka okuvela ku-chum salmon, i-trout kanye ne-pink salmon kunomusa omuhle wosawoti, owuthandwa ngabantu abaningi.