Iyini uhlelo lokuhlelwa kwe-electronic?

Lo msebenzi unikezwa: "Ngokusho kwama-schemes, dweba izinhlelo ze-electronic balance". Ngingakwenza kanjani lokhu? Yini edingekayo kulokhu? Ake sizame ukukukhipha ndawonye.

Okuyinhloko yendlela

Okokuqala, ake sibheke ukuthi iyiphi indlela. Uma uhlelo lwe-balance balance lwe-elekthronikhi lwakhiwe ngendlela efanele, kungenzeka ukuthi ufake ama-coefficients ama-stereochemical reaction.

Okuyinhloko yale nqubo ukucacisa izinga le-oxydation yezinto ezizimele ezahlanganyela ekuphenduleni. Uma ezingxenyeni ezingakwesokunxele nezingakwesokudla kwe-equation isici sigcina izinga lokuxiliswa njalo, khona-ke uhlelo lwe-electronic balance luhlanganiswa ngaphandle kwalo.

Ngezici ezishintshile izinga lokuxhunywa ngesikhathi sokuxhumana, amanani atholakalayo athathwa ngokubala inani elivamile kakhulu.

Indlela yokwenza ibhalansi

Okokuqala, kuzodingeka ubeke isici ngasinye sesimo sayo se-oxidation, usebenzisa imithetho ethile. Uma into elula ingene ekusebenzisaneni, ayikwamukeli, futhi ayinikezi amanye ama-electron ama-element, ngakho-ke izinga layo le-oxidation liyi-zero. Izibonelo zamakhemikhali anezinga eliphakeme le-oxidation yi-halogen molecules, izinsimbi.

Esikhathini samakhemikhali kanambambili sesici sesibili, i-degree ye-oxidation inomthelela omubi, futhi ngowokuqala - inani elihle. Esikhathini samanani (ukucabangela inani lama-athomu) kufanele kube yi-zero. Ku-calcium oxide, isibonelo, esithombeni sokuqala izinga le-oxidation yi-+2, futhi okwesibili (oksijini) -2. Inani lazo zonke liyi-zero, ngoba i-molecule ayithathi hlangothi.

Uma kudingekile ukuhlela izinga le-oxidation engxenyeni eyinkimbinkimbi, ke kuqala kuqala izinkomba zezinto zokuqala nezokugcina zizinqunywe. Khona-ke, usebenzisa izibalo zezibalo, thola izinga le-oxidation yezinto eziphakathi. Inani lazo zonke izinkomba kumele libe zero.

I-algorithm yezenzo

Isistimu ye-balance balance yenziwe kanjani? Engxenyeni engakwesobunxele bayo, kanye namadigri okusiketshezi, izakhi ezihilelekile ohlelweni lokunciphisa okwenziwe nge-oxidation ziqoshiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ezihamba phambili kanye nezincane zikhombisa inani lamakhomitha athathwa futhi ahanjiswa ngesikhathi sokusebenzisana kwamakhemikhali. Phakathi kwenani lama-electron, iningi le-multiple elivamile linqunywa. Khumbula ukuthi inombolo enhle itholakala yiyo, ezohlukaniswa ngaphandle kwesisele kuzo zonke izibalo eziphathelene nama-electron.

Uhlelo lwe-electronic balance lubhekwa oluphelele uma kwenzeka ama coefficients echazwe kuwo. Ungabathola kanjani? I-multiple encane ejwayelekile kumele ihlukaniswe ngama-electrons atholakele futhi athunyelwe kule nqubo. Amanani atholakalayo azoba ama coefficients stereochemical.

Kubalulekile ukunquma i-agent yokunciphisa kanye ne-oxidant, kanye nezinqubo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuxhumana (i-oxidation nokunciphisa). Isikimu esitholakale sokulinganisela kwe-elekthronikhi senqubo yokunciphisa i-oxidation kuyokuvumela ukuthi uhlele ama coefficients akhona ekuphenduleni.

Izabelo ze-OBD esivumelwaneni sokugcina

Ngokusekelwe kule ndlela, abaphothula iziqu bayamenywa ukuqedela umsebenzi kusuka ezingeni le- "C". Ukuphumelela kuncike ezingeni lamakhono asebenzayo omfundi, izinga lolwazi lwezisekelo zemfundiso.

Isibonelo, lo msebenzi uthi: ngokuvumelana nalezi zinhlelo, dweba izinhlelo ze-electronic balance. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye ze-reactants, kanye neminye yemikhiqizo yokuxhumana, ingaphuthelwa. Lo mbuzo uthathwa njengomsebenzi wokwanda okuyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke kuthatha ukulandelana okuthile kokucabanga.

Okokuqala, zonke izici ezitholakalayo zithathwa yizimo eziyi-oxydation, ngakho-ke izinto ezingekho kuzo zombili izingxenye zokuphendula zilotshiwe.

Bese kubalwa ibhalansi. Ngokusho uhlelo olutholiwe lokuphendula, hlela ama-coefficients ngendlela ye-electronic balance, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. Isenzo sokugcina sizoba yisibonakaliso kuzo zonke izinqubo eziqhubekayo.

Kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwemithi yamakhemikhali, irekhodi elihlukile lezinto ezibandakanyeka ngqo ku-equation lihlongozwa, kulandelwa inkomba ye-agent oxidizing kanye ne-ejenti yokunciphisa.

Isiphetho

Le ndlela ayiyona indlela kuphela yokuhlela ama-coefficients ku-equation. Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa indlela yokuphendula ngomzuzu , okuvumela ukuba ulingise zonke izinto ezirekhodiwe.