Isonto eMoscow we isimo e Tushino

amadolobhana amabili - Tushino futhi Spassky - ababe ngakwesokunxele, ibhange ephakeme ka emfuleni Skhodnya, babaziwa ekhulwini XIV. Ngalezo zinsuku base impahla boyar Rodion Nesterovich nomkhombe. Igama emzaneni (Spassky) basuka Isigodlo, wawusegunjini lezo zindawo kuze 1764.

indaba

Spaso-Preobrazhensky sezindela kwakunikelwa ngendawo ku- zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra inzalo Vasiliya Ivanovicha Kvashnina, eyayinecilongo isidumbu isidlaliso. Eyokuqala sezindela yesonto isimo. Ekuqaleni, isakhiwo sakhiwa ngamapulangwe, kodwa ke yaphinde yakhiwa kukhonkolo noma etsheni. Maphakathi isakhiwo XVII ekhulwini nhlobo agugile, kwanqunywa ukuba ukuthathe ngaphandle. Eyesibili itshe sezindela ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo ekhulwini XVI, futhi sanikezelwa Andreyu Stratilatu.

Ngo zikhathi ezigcwele izinkathazo eduze Spassky sezindela kanye edolobhaneni Tushino ekanise amabutho Amanga Dmitry II. Baphanga futhi zacekela phansi zonke nasemadolobhaneni angomakhelwane. Futhi ukudilika Isigodlo usebhekene. Kuvaliwe kuyo 1764, futhi-Church of the isimo baba kukuliphi abahlala Tushino futhi Spassky. Ngoba lakha Refectory yesikhashana sokhuni, kodwa 1804-1808 ke adiliza. Kunalokho, wakha elisha, isakhiwo ibe banzi eyenziwe ngetshe. Ngemva kwesikhathi satholana enamathiselwe, futhi tiered imibhoshongo ephakeme. Ngo phakathi XIX Refectory ekhulwini usebhekene ushintsho oluthile, ke wabe esehlela i-altare wabeka Chapel behlonipha St. uSergiyu ka Radonezh.

Ukwakhiwa ibandla elisha

Ekhulwini XIX esontweni ayikwazanga kuhlaliswe zonke comers. Ukwanda ukufika izinombolo esesikisela umqondo mayelana yokuhlela kabusha yayo noma ukunwetshwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayengesona esimweni esihle. Iqiniso lokuthi phakathi namakhulu eminyaka amathathu osebeni lomfula, lapho ibandla wema, waqala esezithela ngaphezulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda onqenqemeni eweni. Kungenxa yalezi zizathu, ngo-1870, kwanqunywa ukuba yokwakha isonto elisha we isimo e Tushino.

iphrojekthi Isonto kwadalwa wezakhiwo Vladislav Osipovich Grudzinski, ngaleso sikhathi owayese ilungu Indlu impahla isimo. isakhiwo Commission yadalwa, eliholwa umfundisi wakhona John Spassky. Ngemuva kwemvume we plan ngo-1875 edolobhaneni Spas-Tushino ethempelini zezakhiwo ezindala kancane kancane waqala ukuqaqa. Saqala nge umbhoshongo insimbi kanye Refectory. Bricks sivela ezingxenyeni adiliza yesonto elidala waya ukwakhiwa oluzungeze sakhiwo esisha.

ukutholakala

Church of the isimo e Tushino yaqala ukwakha igumbi lokudlela efudumele. Ngo-September 1880 bekubonakala kakade kuqedile ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha lapho kwanikezelwa Izindlwana ezimbili - owodwa behlonipha St Nicholas the Wonderworker, kanti eyesibili - of Abbot Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Shiya esibalulekile e ziyiminikelo ibandla elisha wanikezwa abakhiqizi K. E. Prohorov futhi V Suvirov, esemthethweni PG Tsurikov futhi umpristi wendawo John Spassky.

Ngeshwa, lokugcina abashisekeli washona ngo-1881, futhi ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele ekupheleni. Iphele ezinhle imbangela entsha li UNikolai Buravtsev. Ngo 1882, lonke icebo abelwe ukwakhiwa, ebiyelwe kocingo olubiyile nge izinsika, wagawula o enyakatho nasempumalanga yamazwe yesonto wavula amathuna amasha. Ekugcineni, ngo-1886, ngo-August 6, kulo ibandla labaseTheselonika isimo e Tushino ngikweluleke ngayingcwelisa Metropolitan eMoscow Kolomna Ionniky.

incazelo

Kufanele ukuthi lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda kuyakhiwa ngaleso sikhathi, lapho beqala ukuvuseleleka amasiko bokwakha isonto Russian kazwelonke. Ithempeli ngokucophelela kusengaphambili ngezabelo ezahlukene futhi has ngesikhathi esifanayo elicwengisiswe futhi azibamba lokubhalela. Kuyinto kwesitsha olulodwa-ephethwe esikhundleni esiphakeme. Top ngikweluleke igcwaliswe izici ezinkulu ezintsha kanye amahle ekhanda eziyizigaxa, futhi kakhulu aqhubekele phambili we ASP ezinyunyana unika isamba esikhulu sethempeli.

Ngenhla ngamunye semicircles is kiot izithombe. On the ingxenye Refectory yebheli ezintathu-tiered umbhoshongo liphuma khona. Izindonga isitini sethempeli kungukuthi lemva, ngakho ivelele ngokumelene esikhanyayo itshe elimhlophe futhi mhlophe Decor izinto. Phezu kwe-altare emaphakathi yebandla iconostasis.

Isonto koMsindisi isimo e Tushino esasimi kakhulu emaphethelweni awalethe nakangaka phakathi efanayo kanye UMfula iMoscow. Wayazi kahle ebonakala amakhilomitha amaningana eduze Volokolamsk onguthelawayeka, kanye emabhishi nasemizaneni ezungezile. Singasho ukuthi esontweni seliyinhloko uhlobo yezakhiwo okubusa endaweni ngesikhathi.

post-wamavukelambuso isikhathi

Kusukela 1881 kuya 1935, futhi ithempeli ku Volokolamke e Tushino kwaholela lonke uhlanga lwamakhosi we abbots Buravtseva. Owokugcina nababamele - umpristi Alexander - udutshulwe amaKhomanisi ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1937. Wembelwa kufika ezaleni lenkunkuma ka Butovo ethuneni elivamile. Ehlobo 2000, isinqumo le UMkhandlu WabaBhishobhi , yena waba abagcotshwa.

Njengoba wazi, eminyakeni engu-30 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule baye umonakala kakhulu izindawo zokukhulekela. Hhayi lisinde kulokhu enkingeni futhi ibandla labaseTheselonika isimo e Tushino. Ngo-1935 wavalwa. wesigodlo wakhe wokugcina kwaba Alexander Sokolov, owaboshwa futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili wadutshulwa endaweni ethile e-Altai Territory. Kuze kube manje, esikhundleni ingcwaba lakhe alaziwa.

desecration

Ngemva kwempi, isakhiwo sesonto behlaliswe izinhlangano ezahlukene zikahulumeni. Esikhathini 50s maphakathi izakhamuzi ebuzwa iziphathimandla zendawo ukuvuselela isevisi. Kodwa impendulo lezi zicelo kwaba ukubhujiswa umbhoshongo isikhencezo Dome main ngo-1957 - bamane iqhume.

emva kweminyaka 8 zezenzakalo ezichazwe uyekwa kanye emathuneni eduze esontweni. lonke Le ndawo kwahlanganiswa zone zezimboni, okuyinto welula agudle ujantshi. Ukulungisa nokuphatha ukwakhiwa ababedlula emazweni isonto, futhi zizenza yokulahla yangempela, futhi ukwakha ithempeli - in the ishede yezinto zokwakha.

nokuzalwa kabusha

Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Church Tushino wabuya Orthodox kuphela ngo-1990. Ibandla ne-altare okusezingeni eliphezulu lanikezelwa yena Umbhishobhi omkhulu eMoscow All Russia Alexy II. Eminyakeni eyalandela liphinde lingcweliswe yesonto behlonipha St. uSergiyu noSt Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Rector yesonto waqokwa Fedor Sokolov. Ngeshwa, iminyaka engu-10 kamuva, wafa kabuhlungu. Wembelwa eceleni kwe-altare kabusha ababeyenza ngomlotha ethempelini.

Ngokushesha nje lapho isonto livuliwe, laqala ukusetshenziswa alulame ngokushesha. Okokuqala, kwaqala umsebenzi ukubuyiselwa ukubukeka kwayo: inhloko salungiswa, izici ezintsha zakhelwe eziyizitezi phezulu yamila kanye nombhoshongo insimbi. A. I. Tsarev tympana ehlotshisiwe kokoshniks izithombe KaMose, esibonisa abaphostoli abangu-12, futhi Kyoto kwengoma "Deesis".

Ukugcwaliswa sokubuyiselwa

Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-altare ngalinye esakhiwe ikhanda pridelnyh, enika ngalé ekhululekile wethempeli. Ngokwe kwezingcezu ezimbalwa lokusinda kocingo openwork zaphumelela ukufaka ngesinyelela kabusha ngokuphelele ifomu ngalo ekuqaleni. Kukhona futhi libuyiselwe futhi isango eyinhloko Saints.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amathuna asendulo wathola ngesikhathi kwakhiwa. Manje zonke izinsalela zabantu wangcwatshwa kocingo, ohlangothini lwaseningizimu, lesi sakhiwo.

Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Church - akulona isonto kuphela etholakala endaweni. Kunezinye izindawo zokukhulekela. Ngokwesibonelo, iSonto asendulo intercession e Tushino. ukwakhiwa kwalo sihlehlela emuva ngonyaka 1672. Ubelokhu salungiswa, kwathi-ke njalo aphethwe yokukhulekela.