Rybinsk Museum Reserve - Luhambo komuzi

Ngezinye 370 km kusuka eMoscow 80 km ukusuka edolobheni Rybinsk ka Yaroslavl itholakala, okuyinto isikhungo sokuqondisa Rybinsk esifundeni. Itholakala endaweni olunothile ngesikhathi confluence eVolga emfuleni, cherry kanye Sheksna. Ngaphandle kwalezi, edolobheni ewela eziningana emifuleni amancane ukusakaza.

Wonderful idolobha Russian ise iphuzu enyakatho iVolga ukuze Rybinsk emfuleni omkhulu othwala amanzi alo-mpumalanga, futhi kusukela Rybinsk uphendukela eningizimu-mpumalanga. Umuzi ku Ugu ezimbili, kodwa the main okuyingxenye isendaweni ibhange kwesokudla.

ezikhangayo Rybinsk

Edolobheni kukhona okuningi izikhumbuzo bokwakha (XVIII -. XX c), okuyinto Sinesithakazelo mlando nabacwaningi, futhi njalo izohlola izimenywa. Nokho, sonke isikhungo esingokomlando yakhiwe ekhulwini XIX, eziningi lesi sakhiwo kabusha kambalwa. I umhlobiso esemqoka yedolobha kukhona isakhiwo Grain Exchange. Akhiwa phezu loMfula iVolga.

Old Stock Exchange ngesitayela classical, entsha lakhiwa ngo-1912. Isakhiwo yakhelwe e isitayela mbumbulu Russian. nombhali lo msebenzi waba A. V Ivanov. Ngaphandle wokwakha omangalisayo embozwe izibuya tiled. Kusobala etsheni plinth omkhulu, okuyinto welula on loMfula iVolga. Manje nansi Luhambo esemqoka yedolobha - Rybinsk zomlando-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve.

I Exchange Isakhiwo, Cathedral, ibhuloho yonkana iVolga afakiwe a eqenjini lomculo olulodwa, okuyinto eyaba isici esiphawula leli dolobha. Rybinsk Museum-Reserve yiyo kunawo futhi iningi wavakashela kule ndawo. It has iqoqo ocebile zezinto zamasiko nezomlando.

Rybinsk Museum-Reserve: Umlando

Ngo-October 1910 Rybinsk wavula Museum wokuqala emlandweni zemvelo, eyamiswa ngo-isakhiwo Commercial School. Umqondo womuntu oyedwa Museum wenza nezazi wendawo, okuyinto benziwe uMnyango we Yaroslavl Historical Society. Kuhlanganisa A.A.Mihaylov, N.N.Rozov, B.G.Verdi, L.A.Albitsky nezinye izibalo abavelele balo muzi.

Kakade ngo-1913, kwakunabamemezeli abangu-Mnyango ungeminye yeminyango emihlanu Museum:

• Geology;
• mineralogy;
• Botanical;
• kwezilwane;
• anthropological.

iqoqo wakhe ngalesi sikhathi kunezinkulungwane ziphephile ezithakazelisayo. Ngesikhathi isinyathelo D.A.Ushakova, asekelwe A.A.Zolotarev, A.V.Burov, L.A.Albitskim nabanye, ngokusekelwa kuhulumeni edolobheni, ngo-December 1919, le Kunsthistorisches Museum yasungulwa ngo Rybinsk. Maphakathi iqoqo lakhe kukhona zobuciko olunikezwa ezizungezile mansion zasebukhosini. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, esichasiselweni kwenezelwa ukuqhutshwa imisebenzi yobuciko kusuka iminyuziyamu kanye zobuciko eMoscow Petrograd.

I professional yokuqala yangempela iminyuziyamu ku Rybinsk Museum baba E.V.Sosnina, abeza Museum emva ukuqoqwa yobuciko neyezandla, okuyinto ashaqa amakhasethi nezihlobo zakhe Rybinsk Cheka.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe e 30s

Namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu elidlule waqala baboshwa ngobuningi abasebenzi Museum, abamangalelwa nemibono mva. Kusukela ngo-1935, ukuthuthukiswa kwaba ubunjalo umnyango, inhloko okwakuwuphawu umbhali, umculi G.Lesovik. Ngesikhathi, umnyuziyamu wathola amakhulu ziphephile kusukela iminyuziyamu encane yahlakazeka (Poshehonsky, Mologa, njll).

Ekuqaleni Elikhulu imisebenzi Patriotic War Museum bamiswa, futhi zonke imibukiso Agcwele walunziselela basishiye. Nokho, ngo-May 1942, i-Museum ephinde ehlangana osetiteley kwezinye neminyango.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe ngemva WWII

Kusukela maphakathi nawo-zamashumi amahlanu Museum kwaba ukuqedela iqoqo lakhe imisebenzi abaculi owayephila Soviet angaphandle. Isikhathi kwagcizelelwa ukufinyelela iziphetho ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo. Ngo-February 1959 wathola isimo Ode to art-zomlando Museum. Ngaphezu kokwakha embukisweni, ositshela ngokuphila kule ndawo kuphela, izazi Museum aseqalile ukubuyisela usuvele unayo ziphephile. Ngakho sidalwe the Rybinsk Museum-Reserve. Sikhungo Folk ubuciko, ingilazi kanye zobumba, imifanekiso yaqala ukusebenza ngokugcwele.

Kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-1980, lapho Museum kwaholela I.B.Rabinovich (ukaputeni), alalelwa omkhulu emsebenzini samasosha yokushisekela izwe. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kwaqina nemibukiso. Isiko kuhlanganisa nemibukiso collective siqu Rybinsk abadwebi, abaculi abasha bendawo. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ziphephile yalumuzi iVolga yaqala ukubonakala njalo nemibukiso eminyuziyamu inhlokodolobha sika.

Ngo-January 1989, i-Museum wathola isimo samanje. Ngo-1992, abaphathi idolobha selithathe isinqumo esibaluleke kakhulu. Rybinsk Museum-Reserve kwaba okusha Grain Exchange isakhiwo.

Incazelo isakhiwo

Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu sezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu kuleli dolobha. Itholakala kwi loMfula iVolga. Ummbila Exchange - isikhumbuzo emlandweni futhi yokwakha umuzi. Lesi sakhiwo lakhiwa ngo-1912 ngu-umakhi eMoscow Alexander Ivanov. Sasisuke nge openwork ophahleni Combs, mbumbulu, uphahlwe tile namathayili ezicwebezelisiwe - Nokho, konke lokhu ubukhazikhazi okusikhumbuza Chamber of inganekwane nezinhlamvu, ezakhiwe ngokusebenzisa ezobuchwepheshe zanamuhla ngaleso sikhathi.

Namuhla, phakathi nengxenye enkulu yezakhi isikhathi eqeda: stucco Uphahla lwangaphakathi, obucayi zensimbi banisters, njll Isakhiwo zakhiwe ngezitini futhi ngaphakathi tile-German. Umhlobiso isakhiwo enhle isetshenzisiwe amathayili engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili anemibala. Zifanekisela ezimbili ephethwe izinkozi, amakhambi izimbali. Isisekelo wenziwe amatshe futhi zibekwe phezu kokuthile by amamitha amane. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwakhiwa liye lasinda entwasahlobo izikhukhula.

Grain Exchange isakhiwo ekhulwini XIX, owawusekelwe amandla, amandla nengcebo abathengisi Rybinsk. Lesi sakhiwo bahlangana abathengisi kanye nezimboni kulo lonke elaseRussia. Ekhulwini XX, lokhu sakhiwo saba esibhedlela samasosha futhi ekomkhulu lamabutho, futhi esibhedlela edolobheni uma nje ayikazeki Museum. Khona-ke ngesikhathi esifushane sashintshwa saba emnyuziyamu, futhi ebusika ka-1993 wenza lokhu ayekutholile.

ukuqhubeka

Ngo-1995, i-Rybinsk Museum-Reserve (Rybinsk) ungeze komunye umnyango - Umlando Museum Mologa esifundeni, eyayiseSwitzerland Chapel yangaphambili lezindela sika-Athanasius zesifazane. Lapha, i-materials umlando la mazwe baye baqoqa phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili aye amuncwa amanzi le Rybinsk Reservoir.

Ingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi Museum itholakala ku Arcade ukudla okunesitashi, manje okuyinto ivaliwe ukulungiswa. Lesi sakhiwo kuyinto ngesimo isikwele siqukethe ezimbili storey izitolo (ekupheleni XVIII leminyaka). Ngaphambi ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule Esitezi kukhona Arcade evulekile. Manje kumelwe abuyiselwe Ngesikhathi kulungiswa lesi sakhiwo.

Imyuziyemu-Reserve namuhla

Rybinsk State Museum-Reserve namuhla has angaphezu kwelilodwa eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amabili ziphephile. Namuhla, ukuvezwa eziyishumi njalo sisebenzela. Lezi zihlanganisa embukisweni esizinikezele umlando Museum and edolobheni, kanye nohlobo olunothile esifundeni, imivubukulo, izinto yobuciko zokuhlobisa futhi emihle.

Rybinsk Museum-Reserve ine iqoqo olunzulu lezinto yobuciko Western Europe. Nazi ezidumile we abadwebi isiNtaliyane, isiJalimane, Dutch, British kanye isiFulentshi XVI-XIX eminyaka, kanye izithombe ze XVIII - XIX eminyaka, usebenza abakhi abadumile.

Inzalo enkulu izivakashi kuyinto ukuqoqwa ubuciko isicelo e-Europe. It kuveza majolica medieval (Italy), faience (Delft futhi Wedgwood), umkhiqizo edume kunazo Western Europe zobumba manufactories XVIII-XIX eminyaka, izinto ezenziwe ngobumba abaseMpumalanga ingilazi zokuhlobisa (yaseBohemia yeSilesia).

Esichasiselweni yobuciko kazwelonke

Namuhla unaka kakhulu ukuqoqwa art Russian Rybinsk Museum-Reserve (Rybinsk). Iqoqo oncomekayo ka-Orthodox isiko ziphephile Kuyoba ezithakazelisayo eziningi - (. XVI-XVII ekhulwini) imifanekiso, Kunyatheliswa, koqweqwe lwawo, ezibaziweyo izinto zokhuni, lasendulo ipuleti yethusi (XI isenti.). Lesi sigaba kuveza umsebenzi F. Rokotoff no-Ivan Shishkin, Vereshchagin futhi Repin, Benois noN Roerich.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapha ungabona iqoqo amazing zobumba zokuhlobisa kanye ingilazi izimboni Russian

Isiputukezi

Ukuhlola embukisweni umlando nemivubukulo, izivakashi nazane nge isiko zangaphambi Mongol abantu abahlala kulezi zindawo. Nazi izinto zangamalanga, imibhalo emidala. ziphephile amaqoqo Very interesting anikelwe izimila nezilwane - we amathambo endoda woolly, inyathi nezakudala futhi mammoth ubhejane.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ngo-1967, ngesikhathi sokudubula ifilimu adumile "Impi Nokuthula" by S. Bondarchuk ifenisha kanye izesekeli enikeziwe Rybinsk Museum-Reserve.

In the movie "izihlalo ezingu-12" ngu L. Gaidai (1971) endalini yesehlakalo udutshulwe isakhiwo Grain Exchange (isakhiwo main Museum-reserve namuhla).

Esikhathini ifilimu "Boomer" (2006) jaha yesehlakalo Dashki thugs, wathwebula Rybinsk. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho indawo ye iVolga yashayisa unqenqema, Museum Limited izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Rybinsk Museum-Reserve: kanjani lapho?

Rybinsk - hhayi edolobheni resort. Ngokuvamile abantu beza lapha ibhizinisi kanye siqu izindaba. Uma kwenzeke ukuba kulezi zindawo, qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela Rybinsk Museum-Reserve. Ikheli ke - iVolga yashayisa unqenqema, 2. st. Ukhtomsky, 45 yiyona House-Museum Ukhtomskogo futhi isimo Lane 6A kuyinto Museum of Mologa esifundeni.

Kusukela esiteshini sesitimela complex Museum wena dovezut inombolo ibhasi 5, inombolo 107, inombolo 108, inombolo 109, inombolo 114. Inombolo sebhasi 3 kanye nenombolo 5, kanye 5T inombolo itekisi. Udinga ukuthola off at the "Cathedral Square".