Isimila nakomaka - kuyinsakavukela pathology eyenziwe ekwelapheni umdlavuza

Uma kwakuba khona emzimbeni womuntu isimila esibulalayo, okuqukethwe amaprotheni specific inyuka igazi. Basuke isehlane noma isimila ngokwayo noma angomakhelwane amaseli ayo, ngisho amaseli enempilo ukuthi uthumele "isaziso" lesi simo siyingozi. Libuye Ukukhetha kungenzeka wamaprotheni antigen ngu omzimba wonke umzimba ukuthi uthethe ukuvikela yokulwa nezifo.

Igama elithi "isimila nakomaka" isetshenziselwa namaprotheni anjenge. Kuyinsakavukela ngayinye yalezi izinto kuyinto oncologist aziwayo. Ngo-Russian muthi owenziwe ngegazi yokuhlola isimila nakomaka kancane kufakwe ukuhlolwa laboratory saziso.

izimila Benign nazo wathumela egazini labo iziphambano. amasignali afana nalawa afakazela lokho khona izimila awokuthi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinga ukuhlolwa igazi for isimila nakomaka ucabange ukuthi ukwanda ukusebenza singaxoxa ngeke ngomdlavuza, kodwa kuphela izinqubo ukuvuvukala.

Okwamanje, ososayensi bathole futhi kuchazwe izimpawu isimila ngoba zokwakheka isimila kwezitho zomzimba eziningi. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• wendlala
• webele
• amanyikwe
• yegilo
• lula
• ipheshana yesisu

kanye nezinye izitho.

Uma umdlavuza itholwa ngendlela efanele usaqala, kukhona amathuba ke ukwelapha. Impumelelo ukuphathwa kuxhomeke endleleni bokuqala babengeke bakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa igazi for isimila iziphambano.

Kuze kube muva nje, ukutadisha lezi amaprotheni kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukususa yesimila. okuqukethwe kwabo okusezingeni eliphezulu kwakusho ukuthi inqubo umdlavuza ukubuyiswa. Okwamanje, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, ngisho yangaphambi kokuvela kwaleso sifo ezivamile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu isimila egazini avele phambi kwawo wonke amanye izimpawu lomdlavuza kungatholakala by-X-ray kanye ultrasound, futhi-magnetic resonance imaging.

Enye yezinkinga oncomarker cwaningo ukuthi awusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi kubonise kahle hle ukuthi yiziphi umzimba ehlaselwa isimila, okungukuthi, kumelwe sikhumbule izingozi ezingaba khona ukuze ama-ejensi iqembu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amacala lapho isitho efanayo behlaselwa izinhlobo eziningana isimila, nokuthi futhi engaveli izimpawu lwesimila. Uthola i-serum igazi kungase kudlulwe, kodwa isithombe Akucaci: ukuhlaziya nje ukuthi nokwami onjani izitho iqembu noma izimila isidingo sok ukhathazeke. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni eziphambili zanamuhla ucwaningo umdlavuza afanayo olwenziwa (iphaneli) ka isimila nakomaka ezahlukene okufanayo ukuhlaziywa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukufunda ngezinto ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi screening laboratory wenziwa emazweni Oncology European ne-United States. Muva nje, ukuhlola nazo luzoqala umkhuba Russian of Oncology.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba afeze kokuhlahlela isimila nakomaka futhi. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba owabona izimpawu ukuthuthukiswa isifo. Kuba kunokwenzeka ukucabanga mayelana isiqondiso lapho inqubo neoplastic uya: kuya eziya ziba zimbi noma ukuthethelelwa (nokuvulwa impilo isihlobo).

Uma izimpawu isimila abangu kudlulwe, ngesilinganiso eziphukile, le ukuhlolwa laboratory kufanele ukunwetshwa. Lezi zihlanganisa igazi amakhemikhali nokusebenzelana kwawo, -X-ray cwaningo, i-magnetic resonance imaging, ukuhlaziya nemingcele hormone, colonoscopy futhi gastroscopic cwaningo ultrasound.

Ezingeni lamanje yentuthuko sokuhlaziya Oncology of isimila nakomaka kuyinto yokuxazulula imisebenzi elandelayo:

• ukuhlonza ubungozi iziguli ezingaba
• ukugxila indawo okungenzeka kwasendaweni isimila
• Imiphumela evela kokuhlaziywa kwamathenda ukusebenza
• ukulawula ukuphathwa kuwo wonke ubude bayo

Isimila omaka, ngesilinganiso okuyinto kudokotela ezaziwayo, phendula le mibuzo elandelayo mayelana isiguli kusukela ukuhlaziywa:

• ukuthi kukhona likhuphuke?
• okwenza uhlelo lokusebenza yokubeka uphawu?
• abakushoyo enanini?
• ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba ushintshe impatho wamanje (uma ikhona)?
• lapho ukubamba isivivinyo esilandelayo?

Igazi for isimila nakomaka unikela ngendlela efanayo ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali: kusukela emthanjeni. Lolu cwaningo kumele kwenziwe ekuseni ngaphandle kokuthatha kungekho ukudla kuqala. Ungakwazi avivinye kokubili isinyathelo udokotela noma bebodwa.