Inkondlo wamaqhawe - kungcono ... inkondlo nobuqhawe izincwadi

Kuyini inkondlo nobuqhawe? Ngokusobala, lokhu yigama elisho ethile zemibhalo. Kunalokho Lubonakala futhi kwabanye? Kumaphi amazwe zadalwa imisebenzi enjalo? Yini bakhonze njengamaphayona isibonelo lolu hlobo? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zingatholakala esihlokweni.

Ukwakheka umqondo

Nakanjani, "inkondlo nobuqhawe" - a term oluyinhlanganisela. Kusekelwe imiqondo emibili: "Inkondlo" futhi "Hero". Kunengqondo ukuba sicabangele ngayinye ngokwehlukana, bese sihlanganise okuqondiwe.

Inkondlo (kusukela lesiGreki. Poiema «indalo") njengoba uhlobo kuyinto yenqwaba umkhiqizo emavesini eziphathelene bohlobo lyric-yeqhawe. Lo msebenzi inezingxenye eziningana, elihlanganiswe lwendaba olulodwa, lapho indaba elandiswayo lidlule yimuphi umcimbi obalulekile. Izici Ezihilelekile Kule nkondlo ngokuthi zemibhalo:

• indaba ongaqaqiwe (izigcawu eziningi kanye nemicimbi);
• lelandzisako latitude (ngezinye izikhathi ihlanganisa iminyaka futhi izizukulwane);
• ukuvula isithombe ezijulile lyrical.

inkondlo imisuka amanga epics lasendulo futhi ephakathi.

Hero (.. Kusukela geros ngesiGreki «yindoda enesibindi eziqinile, unkulunkulu demi" kanye heros French «iqhawe») - ezincwadini, leli gama zingamelela imiqondo elandelako:

• protagonist yomsebenzi;
• Umuntu Oyiqhawe abanesibindi, umculi we migilingwane.

Kwakheka kusukela ibizo "iqhawe", sichasiso "nobuqhawe", ngokulandelana, kungasho okulandelayo:

• uyakwazi ubuqhawe;
• echaza imicimbi nobuqhawe.

Inkondlo wamaqhawe: Definition

Ukusebenzisa izincazelo "Inkondlo" futhi "iqhawe" kungenziwa zavela, okusho "inkondlo nobuqhawe". Lokhu zamaphimbo izincwadi umsebenzi olusankondlo, isihloko okuyinto ezinye izenzakalo ezibalulekile kanye nobuqhawe liphathelene izinhlamvu edume kanye nezenzo zawo noma ukuthatha uhambo.

inkondlo wamaqhawe -, ngaphezu kwakho konke, omuhle wobuciko, okuyinto etemibhalo kusetshenzwe Folk amaqhawe, nobuntu amasiko amaningi nemikhutshana okuyinto belilokhu likhona kusukela endulo.

inkondlo wamaqhawe e ngandlela-thile khona cishe kuzo zonke izizwe zomhlaba. Epic abantu amasiko kancane kancane benziwe imijikelezo olusankondlo, bese ithole udumo nokuduma.

Ngokuvamile, nendumezulu wako, kuhlanganiswe futhi kusetshenzwe disparate legends etemibhalo. Izibonelo lasendulo yeqhawe nobuqhawe yilezi: Indian "Ramayana" futhi "Mahabharata", ngesiGreki "Iliad" futhi "Odyssey", Old Norse "Edda" Finnish "Kalevala", yaseJalimane "INgoma Nibelungs", the French "Ingoma Roland", Italian "iJerusalema Kuthunyelwe,"-Anglo-Saxon "Beowulf" nokunye. n.

Kusukela endulo ukuba classicism

Genre nobuqhawe yeqhawe ephefumulelwe yezimbongi ezinjengo endulo, futhi wonke amakhulu eminyaka alandela. Selilonke Wafinyelela ekhulwini XVIII., Futhi ubulokhu uyisekela ngenkuthalo sesichithwa ngabameli classicism. uhlobo komlando inkondlo sabenza bakhangwa bokubanga yabo yiqhawe Sublimity nokuhlala khona. The hero lyrical nkondlo kwakumelwe ube imodeli zokuziphatha ngempela. Classicists ngokuthi le misebenzi esivelele art senkondlo. Kukholakala ukuthi isizwe ngasinye kufanele alwele ukudala siqu izinkondlo zabo nobuqhawe.

At the stage of zezimbali classical inkondlo nobuqhawe - kuwumsebenzi olusankondlo ebhaliwe isitayela sublime futhi ehlanganisa eziningana amakhanda, uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "iculo". Isihloko eyibhalela njalo baba izenzakalo zomlando owawubalulekile abantu yezwe futhi bonke. Enye igama lolu hlobo - yeqhawe.

Okuqukethwe inkondlo nobuqhawe

Ngokwe izimiso classicism, umsebenzi onjalo kumelwe nakanjani zihlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:

• baqala ukutshela mayelana isihloko indaba elandiswayo;
• Ngilidlulisela labo waphefumulela imbongi;
• Inani elikhulu imininingwane ezichazwe impi izigcawu;
• kumnandi izakhi yesehlakalo nezinhlamvu basezinganekwaneni;
• izinhlamvu ngendlela engokomfanekiso emelela okuphambene ubuhle Justice, amandla, umhawu m p..;
• umugqa Ngokuzayo abekwe njengamaqiniso isiprofetho.

Esikhathini isiko Russian

Russian inkondlo nobuqhawe yasungulwa imisebenzi M. V Lomonosova ( "Petr Veliky"), V. K. Trediakovskogo ( "Tilemahida"), A. P. Sumarokova ( "Dimitriadi") futhi A. N. Maykova ( "Wakhululwa eMoscow ") futhi M. M. Heraskova (" impi "futhi" Rossiada "). Zonke lezi imisebenzi zalotshwa isitayela classic. Ukulandisa wabe ngokuvumelana omunye izindlela: noma ubuciko ukubusa zomlando esiqintini. Esimweni sokuqala into eyayenziwa kakhulu ekulondolozeni ubuqiniso zomlando, kanti eyesibili - mayelana nokuchazwa bokubeka izenzakalo zesikhathi esidlule kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuhlaziywa zabo zokuziphatha. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinkondlo Russian nobuqhawe zihluke kakhulu nomunye ngesitayela futhi kugxiliswe kwenye indawo.

Esikhathini isiko Eastern

inkondlo wamaqhawe eMpumalanga encane uhlobo oludumile, eyaziwa ngokuthi i- "Dastan" (lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi "indaba" Persian). umsebenzi ababhekene nesimo esinje kungabaduduza abhalwe izinkondlo, nephrozi, nolimi ngisho okuxubile (ie zingahlangana izinkondlo nephrozi).

Ngokuvamile, ngendlela Dastan icebo walala abantu tinganekwane inganekwane. Ukuze lolu hlobo ziyinsakavukela fi kanye adventure izindaba ezihlukahlukene esonta eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye ematfuba. Ukubona umdlali oyiqhawe ekahle zokuziphatha. Ngakho, Epos empumalanga kuyinto analogue nkondlo nobuqhawe European.

Lokhu zemibhalo umelwe e imisebenzi Tajik NamaPheresiya, Uzbek futhi Kazakh izimbongi. Izibonelo Oriental izinkondlo nobuqhawe: "Layla futhi Majnun", zakudala izinkondlo Persian Nizami Gyandzhevi, le nkondlo amaqhawe "Shahnameh" Ferdowsi, izinkondlo imbongi Uzbek Alisher Navoi futhi Persian-Tajik imbongi Jami.

Ukulandelela indlela zomlando ukuthi sekudlule le nkondlo nobuqhawe, singasho kugcwale bagomela ngokuthi lolu hlobo yayinezinto eziningi lwesintu kuzo zonke izigaba ukhona, futhi wayiqhubekisa ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.