Ingozi Social - Iyini? Izinhlobo kanye Izici

ingozi Social - kuba umqondo sina osebenza ku cishe zonke izinhlobo izenzo zabantu. umthamo wayo inyuka ngokulingana ekukhuleni komphakathi kanye kwemvelo yayo. Emakhulwini eminyaka edlule izingozi ezingase abe usongo ngempela umphakathi, ziqondiswe okuthonywa nayizimo zemvelo. Khona-ke, nge ekuthuthukisweni komnotho welizwe, wezoHwebo, ezenhlalo engcupheni ziye zanda kakhulu ngesibalo.

engcupheni Evamile

Kuze kube manje, le nkulumo ihlanganisa amathuba nokudilizwa kanye nokungabikho kwemisebenzi, umsebenzi ukulimala kanye ukuqala kokukhubazeka, ukulahlekelwa umondli. Isayensi yanamuhla ukuthi etadisha ekuphathweni komphakathi izingozi, sibaphathe cishe kunoma iyiphi izici ezingase esimweni lapho ivela khona abe nomthelela ongemuhle kwezenhlalo, impahla kanye isimo esingokomoya, umuntu iphathwa njengendlela iyunithi ahlukene emphakathini.

A definition ezivamile

Inchazelo lwezenhlalo leli qiniso uthi ingozi nomphakathi - owaziwa Inkampani umcimbi kungenzeka, okuyinto esimweni lapho ivela khona, kungaholela ukuqala ukulahlekelwa ngokugcwele noma kancane yokukhubazeka womuntu noma avuse isidingo ezilinganiselwe izenzo zakhe abahlabelela ngazo yena, kufaka ngokugcwele noma ukulahlekelwa esinqunyiwe yezinzuzo, okuyinto umthombo kwezimali khona ngokugcwele.

ukwesekwa State

Cishe bonke amazwe asethuthukile, yabe isikhipha uhlu izingozi zenhlalo, isivikelo lapho kuqala lapho kuqinisekiswa ezingeni likazwelonke. Ngokuvamile, lezi zihlanganisa izingozi ezilandelayo nomphakathi:

• sokukhulelwa kanye womama (sokubeletha);
• ukufa umondli;
• ukuqala isifo;
• ukuxoshwa, ukwehla kusuka ehhovisi, abangasebenzi;
• nokukhubazeka;
• umhlalaphansi (kokukhokhwa kwempesheni);
• okuhlaselayo umsebenzi ukulimala.

Kuwo wonke amazwe ophucukile ngezindaba zokuvikeleka komphakathi sabantu ezibhekwa ngokucophelela. Lokhu kunquma izingozi main kwenzeka ukuthi ilungu umphakathi ongenacala angase angakwazi ukwanelisa izidingo zabo ezingokomoya futhi impahla ngokugcwele. Komphakathi umshwalense ingozi esimeningcondvo isimo kubhekwa njengendlela esimweni kuhlasela esibandakanya okwengeziwe isimo usizo ngaphansi umshwalense isimo emphakathini.

Ukutadisha emikhakheni ehlukene kwezesayensi kanye nezomnotho

Kuze kube manje, isigaba social ingozi-ke, lapho uzifunde ngokucophelela futhi bahlola hhayi kuphela kwabantu. cwaningo wayo okunemininingwane Psychology umphakathi, e pedagogy, kanye ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni kwezomnotho. izingozi zenhlalo Ikakhulukazi uzifunde ngokucophelela futhi obusetshenziswa embonini umshwalense, hhayi kuphela nomphakathi kanye commercial futhi wezokwelapha.

Kusukela uhulumeni izingozi zenhlalo zibhekwa njengemikhiqizo kuthikameze, kusukela lapho isimo ubophekile ukuba avikele izakhamuzi esebenzisa yomshuwalense okuyimpoqo nomphakathi. Endabeni amacala ingozi kwezenhlalo, isimo iphoqelekile ukuba inikeze ukuba izakhamuzi zabo usizo oyisibopho nokusekelwa.

Komunye umongo ehlukile, umqondo ingozi yezenhlalakahle okukhulunywa ngalo kwabantu, othisha social work nosonhlalakahle. Bakubheka njengenjabulo ngokucophelela futhi batadishe okuthiwa ingozi kwezenhlalo, ukuqhuba umsebenzi zokuvimbela nabo, futhi uma kudingeka, nibolekisa usizo babo bomsebenzi kanye nokwesekwa.

Kuye ngalo endaweni kubhekwa welithi "ingozi nomphakathi", it has izici zayo siqu kanye nezici.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu izingozi zenhlalo

Kuye ngomongo, main izingozi zenhlalo zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezahlukene. Kuye ngokuthi unganikeza kubo noma cha, zihlukaniswe zibe:

1. Kulindeleke - labo ezingaba kungalindeleka ukubikezela, ahlaziye zingakenzeki. Njengomthetho, lolu hlobo ingozi lubonakala ngaso sonke isikhathi umphakathi kanye nokuhlaziywa efanele yokusondela kwabo ongabikezela (the ukudiliza esizayo nokudilizwa, kukhuphuke abangasebenzi, imikhaya inkinga abangekho ngokwabo ingozi kwezenhlalo futhi bedinga ukuba ngusonhlalakahle).
2. Esingalindelekile - leyo esingafani nalutho emlandweni ka kuyoke kwenzeke ngempela ngokuzumayo (ingozi, inhlekelele yemvelo). Lolu hlobo ingozi Kunzima kakhulu isayensi, njengengcono ngandlela-thile uningilize noma ukubikezela ukuqala yayo cishe kungenakwenzeka.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ingozi nomphakathi - kuyinto amathuba izenzakalo ukuthi kungenzeka nge kokubili ngamunye futhi iqembu labantu. Kuye abasekela ingozi yezenhlalakahle ndaba, kungase kube olulodwa noma iqembu. Esimweni sokuqala sixoxa izingozi ezingase kwakuthiwa kwenzekeni esiku, ongashadile. Esimeni sesibili, kubhekwa wonke iqembu ingozi emphakathini. Bangase babe ukuqala izingozi ezilandelayo:

1. izingozi Yemvelo - nalezo kuwumphumela ukuqaliswa kwe-izenzakalo of Animate nemvelo ezingaphili. Lezi zihlanganisa izikhukhula, ukuzamazama komhlaba nezinye izinhlekelele zemvelo, kanye izakhiwo noma izenzo abamele ezihlukahlukene uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukuyilawula (isenzo ezincane, ukuziphatha izilwane zasendle).
2. Komphakathi izingozi kwengqondo - labo abamele ematfuba nesenzakalo yezimo ezinzima ngenxa ekuchumana ezingeni leqembu yezenhlalakahle noma umuntu. Kwangathi abe nomthelela omubi futhi kuso sonke iqembu yomphakathi, umuntu ngamunye.
3. umphakathi izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho nezingozi - izingozi ukuqaphela ukuthi izenzo zabo kungase kumkhathaze amaqembu ihlelwe noma angahlelekile namalunga abo ngabanye, okuyinto zenze ngendlela ebonisa ala maqembu. Lezi zinhlobo ingozi zihlanganisa izenzo sizibophezele ngenxa izithakazelo zezwe, ukubekezelelana yenkampani. Njengoba isinyathelo ezinjalo zingenziwa bengayiqondi ngokugcwele, futhi libonakale "beyisixuku Psychology" noma "umhlambi isazela." Izinto nezikhonzi izingozi kwenhlalo yomphakathi kanye nomnotho ingaba njengesihluthulelo amalungu ngamanye ale umphakathi, kanye nezinkampani ezihlukahlukene, izinhlangano, bezinkampani ngisho wonke umbuso. Ngokwesibonelo, i-isitshalo ukukhiqiza kunobungozi ukuthi intengo izinto zokusetshenziswa amazwe, okuyinto kusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kungathuthukiswa. Lokhu ingozi kungenziwa igcwaliseke kwenzeka ukuthi kudingeka umyalo kahulumeni izonikwa kwezikhulu zomphakathi eziphuma ngabanye. Lokhu isikhulu sikahulumeni uba omele esimisweni sezenhlalo lonke - isimo, futhi izenzo zabo ukuze bakhonze izithakazelo ohlelweni nomphakathi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-inkampani ukukhiqizwa izinqumo ezinjalo ezihlobene izingozi zenhlalo.

izingozi Social ebhizinisini umshwalense

ezahlukene kancane, kodwa akukho esingaphansi ngokucophelela inkinga ka social ingozi kubhekwa izinkampani zomshuwalense. Kuze kube manje, ibhizinisi umshwalense ingenye impumelelo, ngoba isidingo amasevisi umshwalense neze uwela. Izinkampani zemishuwalense anikele ngabanye ezizimele nezinhlangano lonke, ngenkokhelo nesizotha nyangazonke ukuze bazivikele uma kwenzeka okuvela kuyo omunye izinhlobo ingozi emphakathini. Izindleko umshuwalense social kanye nenani sokukhokha uma umcimbi insured ibalwa ngesisekelo lowo esimweni esithile uyinto ingozi kwezenhlalo futhi kuncike kulokho ematfuba lapho ivela khona, njengoba kwakuthiwa ukwehlukanisa imvamisa eliphezulu okuvela kuyo ingozi zenhlalo nendlela kangangokuba uyabikelwa uma uza.

Ethandwa kakhulu nomshuwalense ukuze azivikele ngokumelene izingozi zenhlalo

Esimeni semakhaya izingozi zenhlalo okuyizinto cishe kunazo futhi iyingozi, ukuze zehlukanise phakathi umphakathi ngamunye, izinkampani eziningi umshwalense ukunikela abantu nomshuwalense ukuthi avikele abantu izingozi ezilandelayo nomphakathi:

• ekulahlekelweni umondli, ukugula kwakhe, kanye nokungakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa ukunakekelwa kudingeke ukuba ogulayo;
• abangasebenzi;
• umsebenzi ukulimala;
• obanga izifo ezimbi nokwenyuka sifo, kubangelwa izimo ngokuyikho;
• nokukhubazeka;
• ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa (kuleli cala, izinkokhelo umshwalense akuzona kokuqukethwe umuntu onesifo ngesikhathi lapho elahlekelwa akuso emsebenzini, ukukhokhela usizo lwezempilo, izidakamizwa);
• Ezimweni lapho umuntu, ngenxa yezizathu ngalé kwaso, ulahlekelwa ikhono lokuthola imali.

Inkinga izingozi nomphakathi kwabantu, main ingozi iqembu

Futhi, nomqondo ingozi yezenhlalakahle umongo ezithile Izibuyekezo enemininingwane kakhulu futhi ihlaziya isayensi ezifana kwabantu, njengoba into eyinhloko cwaningo yalo iyona umphakathi nazo zonke izinqubo ezenzeka kuwo. Sociology ehlukanisa amaqembu eyinqaba ingozi yezenhlalakahle oziphatha noma izenzo kungaba yingozi ngoba ukuphila okuvamile egcwele umphakathi.

Abantu ngilugcinile ukukhula inyumbazane, ukwephulwa yenqubo yokufunda ukuphila nesimo esithile kwezenhlalo, omncane izithakazelo zomphakathi kanye ekuguquleni izinhlobo nokuxhumana nabanye nabanye abantu nomphakathi zibekwa njengoba uhlobo amaqembu ingozi emphakathini. Ngokuvamile, lezi zibandakanya:

• abayimilutha;
• yotshwala;
• abangenazo abode esinqunyiwe.

Izigaba abantu bakuphatha netisebenti tetenhlalakahle labo abangase babe kushiya izenzo zabo ngokumelene izingozi zenhlalo. Yingakho lesi sigaba sabantu Kunconywa ukuba aqhube umsebenzi olunzulu izifo.

Usongo kwabo engozini ngoba nje umndeni njengoba iyunithi ehlukile kwezenhlalo

Umndeni e kwabantu, omunye izinto eyinhloko cwaningo, njengoba ngezindlela eziningi, inquma ubuqotho inkampani, isimo yayo luyisihluthulelo ukuthuthukiswa zakusasa egcwele. isithakazelo Special osonhlalakahle ushayele umndeni, lapho kunezingane, ngoba ababuzwayo kakhulu ezimweni lapho umndeni wenza ingozi emphakathini.

Kulo mongo, kubhekwa njengendlela umcimbi kungenzeka, okuyinto esimweni lapho ivela khona ongabhubhisa ubuqotho umkhaya, futhi umtselela losengcondvweni ku isimo salo abadala kungaholela ekuncipheni noma ukunciphisa ephelele ibhajethi umndeni Imininingwane, ngenxa yalokho, izidingo eyinhloko ingane ingase abanelisekile.

Typology zemindeni engozini nomphakathi

Imikhaya enezingane awokuthi okuvela kuyo ingozi yezenhlalakahle ingafaka phakathi labo, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene kukhona sibhekana nezinkinga ekuphileni, futhi siyidinga kuxhaswa kuhulumeni kanye nosizo kwabasebenzi bokuhlalisana. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Imikhaya enezingane eziningi;
• ababaleki futhi bashiya imindeni yabo;
• nemindeni axhomeke ukunikezwa, abantu abakhubazekile;
• enomzali ongayedwa;
• imikhaya ehola kancane.

izingane engozini nomphakathi

Ukugcizelela othisha nezisebenzi zezenhlalakahle kudingeka izingane nale mikhaya, ngoba basonta esigabeni izingane engozini nomphakathi. Ngokuqondene nabo, singaxoxa ngezinhlobo ezimbili engozini:

• Esimweni sokuqala, kungenzeka lezi zingane ibhekwa njengevela kuthikameze umphakathi, ngoba kungaba othambekele doviantnomu ukuziphatha futhi kahle ingevu;
• Esimeni sesibili, kunalokho, lezi zingane abhekwa labo ngokwabo wadalula izingozi zenhlalo: ingozi yokugula, ukungakwazi yokunakekela izidingo zabo; yokuntuleka abaphilayo impahla kwezimo ezivamile sokuthuthukiswa okugcwele ukuphila.

othisha nezisebenzi zezenhlalakahle ekunqobeni izingozi zenhlalo

Kunoma isikhungo ujwayelene imiqondo ezifana "ingozi yezenhlalo ezemfundo." Esimeni semakhaya pedagogic, libuye libe izici zayo siqu futhi kungenziwa kubhekwe ngezindlela ezimbili:

• izingozi uthisha unomthelela Pedagogical;
• abafundi engozini ngubani bavezwa uthisha.

Esimeni semakhaya izinkinga zezingane eqenjini ingozi kwezenhlalo, kubhekwe ematfuba samuntu ingozi zenhlalakahle kanye Pedagogical yesibili. Ingane ukhulele emkhayeni lapho kukhona izinkinga ezingathi sína esikoleni ungaba izinkinga ezihlukahlukene, ezisukela kahle, liphambana ontanga nothisha, futhi liphetha ngamazwi disorientation umnyuziki zenhlalo kanye nezinkinga nge lithathelwe inqubo yemfundo. Umsebenzi akuyona kuphela nomphakathi, kodwa futhi uthisha abavamile ukuthola indlela ngamunye ukuba ingane enjalo futhi ukunikeza usizo olufanele ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.