Izinganekwane Legends of Ancient Egypt. izinganekwane waseGibhithe: namaqhawe kanye nencazelo yabo

izinganekwane waseGibhithe esadlala indima ebalulekile empilweni mbhoshongo labantu. Labantu zazikholelwa ngobuqotho ukuthi amaqhawe legends zincike ngoba isiphetho sabo. Ezinganekwaneni zaseGibithe elisuka eside ngaphambi ukuthuthukiswa impucuko. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala onkulunkulu legends esukela emuva kwesikhathi iminyaka 5000 BC.

izinganekwane waseGibhithe babe izici ukuhlukanisa kubo kusukela izinganekwane bezinye izizwe. Okokuqala, kubalulekile yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi efile futhi kwelizayo, futhi deification kwezilwane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinganekwane laseGibhithe washintsha kuye izifiso lwamakhosi elibusayo. UFaro elalizokwakhiwa e yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi unkulunkulu, ngubani umxhasi zazo.

Ukutadisha Ezinganekwaneni zaseGibithe

Ukutadisha Ezinganekwaneni zaseGibithe nzima yokuthi imithombo ezingasiza ezikhuluma ngale ndaba idatha ehlukile futhi akuphelele isethulo unsystematic. Imibhalo Ngezikhathi wathola entsha ngabanye nasezintweni ezazisetshenziswa kudala, tinganekwane ematheksthi kabusha ku isisekelo yabo. Ngokuyinhloko, izinganekwane baseGibhithe lasendulo wafunda amarekhodi kwi izindonga amathuna namathempeli, ka emaculweni nasemithandazweni.

Ezikhumbuzo eziphawuleka kakhulu, okubonisa ukubukwa yaseGibhithe lasendulo :

• "Ematheksthi Pyramid" - ukulotshwa ezibaziweyo ezindongeni ngaphakathi kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe. Zinemilayezo emasikweni emingcwabo wasebukhosini. Izincwadi sangomhla XXVI-XXIII eminyaka BC futhi basonta V futhi VI amakhosi oFaro.
• "Coffin Imibhalo" - ukubhala phezu amabhokisi. Yalotshwa emuva xxi-XVIII eminyaka BC.
• "Incwadi Abafileyo" - iqoqo imithandazo kanye imibhalo yenkolo, afakwe ebhokisini zonke waseGibhithe. Le nkinga yaqala inkathi kusukela BC XVI leminyaka, ekupheleni umlando Egypt.

Egypt, izinganekwane, onkulunkulu - ongaqondakali umqondo cwaningo elibhekene nomse- nososayensi.

Nonkulunkulu Ancient Egypt

U-Amoni - unkulunkulu kakhulu ohlonishwayo emzini eThebes. On izithombe lasendulo kubonakala esinjengomuntu. Ikhanda + lakhe is ethwele izimpaphe ezimbili ezinde. Ungathola isithombe kwakhe nenhloko zenqama, isilwane engcwele. Ekhulwini XVIII kwaba unkulunkulu ophakeme. U-Amoni ukubukelwa ngamandla yasebukhosini futhi wasiza uwine ngokunqoba ezimpini.

Anubis -. Nkulunkulu eHayidese ku III yeminyaka BC. e. Khona-ke waqala ukufunda ngumbusi efile. Yena ivezwe njengabantu indoda nge black impungushe ikhanda. Anubis wayekhulekelwa ikakhulukazi Kinopol.

Apis - isilwane engcwele, inkunzi. Kukholakala ukuthi samuntu esemhlabeni unkulunkulu wenzalo. Bull wagcina ukuphila kwakhe lonke ethempelini e Memphis, futhi ngemva kokufa kwakhe entombed khona.

Aton - unkulunkulu, ogama lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa ubonakele phakathi nokubusa Akhenaten. Yena yayimelelwe ngomfanekiso ilanga. Kukholakala ukuthi limelela umoya faro oshonile, uyise Akhenaten sika.

Atum - unkulunkulu, ikakhulukazi ohlonishwayo emzini Heliopolis. Yena samuntu ubunye kwaphakade zonke izinto. Kukholakala ukuthi nguye umdali zomhlaba. Phakathi nokubusa Dynasty V, wafika zifanekisela kankulunkulu welanga.

Ba - Unkulunkulu samuntu nemizwelo yabantu. Wawunodonga bemvelo oluyingozi. Le ndoda in izinganekwane of inhlama ahlobene kule nkulunkulu. Ba uhlamvu ingahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo lapho umzimba ufa. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, kwaba cishe inhliziyo efile, bese iwela ubuthongo ucobekile. Lokhu unkulunkulu ingafaniswa umqondo yesimanje elithi "umphefumulo."

Geb - unkulunkulu nomvikeli umhlaba. Kwathiwa wayekholelwa ukuthi ivikela efile. Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene onkulunkulu baseGibhithe uma ethi - uyise kaSeti u-Osiris, u-Isis kanye Nephthys. Esikhathini izibalo echaza eseyikhehla ngesilevu.

Ka limelela umfanekiso womuntu. Kuyinto umoya obuhambisana kuye ngesikhathi ngokuphila nangokufa kwakhe. Kukholakala ukuthi ingena konke okuhlobene indoda e zonke izinto nezidalwa. Mythology kuvezwa kuye njengenhlangano nezingalo-ephakanyiswe, izimisele ngesikhathi izindololwane.

Min - unkulunkulu, ikakhulukazi liyahlonishwa e Coptos. Yena ukubukelwa ukuzalaniswa kwamahhashi kanye ihlinzeka sokuvuna ocebile. Ming eziyisimangaliso nazo zasiza mahele endleleni.

Mont - unkulunkulu uvezwa ikhanda ukhozi sika. Ikakhulukazi liyahlonishwa emadolobheni eThebes futhi Germont. Montu nomthelela ekunqobeni faro ezimpini.

Osiris - unkulunkulu uJehova wezwe lemimoya. Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo yemikhuba yehlelo kwakhe emzini Abydos.

Ptah - unkulunkulu ngubani wasesitha amabizo kuzo zonke izinto, futhi wadala abanye onkulunkulu. Ikakhulukazi saziswa Memphis.

Ra - unkulunkulu ophakeme ilanga. Kukholakala ukuthi nguye uyise wabo bonke oFaro. lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa waso kwakuyindishi emzini Heliopolis.

Sebek - unkulunkulu aphethe yamanzi futhi umthombo wenzalo. Yena uvezwa inhloko ingwenya. Ikakhulukazi wayethethelela ohlonishwayo kuleli Fayum isiziba.

USeti - unkulunkulu nomvikeli iziphepho kanye ehlane, umvikeli unkulunkulu Ra. Kwathiwa babekholelwa ukuthi nguye ukwenziwa samuntu kobubi.

Omunye - unkulunkulu zenyanga nokuhlakanipha. On imidwebo yakhe uvezwa Ehola Inkonde isuke. Kukholakala ukuthi yasungulwa zamagama nekhalenda. It ikakhulukazi ohlonishwayo emzini Hermopolis.

Hapi - unkulunkulu uchazwa ngokuthi indoda ephelele ngesitsha esandleni sakhe, kusukela lapho amanzi notshwala. Yena samuntu izikhukhula iNayile.

Khnum - unkulunkulu umnakekeli iNayile. Kwathiwa wayekholelwa ukuthi wadala isintu ngebumba. Wakhe uvezwa ikhanda zenqama. Ikakhulukazi saziswa Esna.

Hounsou - unkulunkulu uvezwa ephethe ikhanda ukhozi noma njengoba umuntu ucwezana kwenyanga ekhanda. Wayelethwa ohlonishwa njengomholi umthandazi.

I choir - unkulunkulu ubukhosi. Kukholakala ukuthi uFaro yokubusa incarnation zawo zasemhlabeni.

Shu - unkulunkulu emoyeni. Futhi, yena waba ohlonishwa njengomholi ongumvikeli lasemini. Ungumfowabo nomyeni lonkulunkulukazi Tefnut.

Yah - unkulunkulu abavikela zenyanga. Ikakhulukazi saziswa Hermopolis.

Unkulunkulukazi Ancient Egypt

Isis - unkulunkulukazi nonkosikazi of Osiris. Kwakuyisenzo esasibonisa ekahle nesifazane. Isis nomvikeli umama nezingane. lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa wakhe kwakwandile futhi ngaphandle Egypt.

Unkulunkulukazi Ancient Egypt kuyinto Bastet - the umvikeli we fun nothando. Yena uvezwa inhloko ikati. Bastet wayekhulekelwa ikakhulukazi Bubastis.

Maat - unkulunkulukazi wakubonakalisa iqiniso nobulungisa. Ubethula uvezwa uphaphe washaya izinwele ezinde.

Mut - unkulunkulukazi futhi inkosikazi yezulu. Yena wayechazwa imiqhele ezimbili sanyathela ekhanda. Muth, efana ezinye unkulunkulukazi baseGibhithe lasendulo, nomvikeli ngumama. Ayemkhulekela amaphoyisa, ngoba kukholakala ukuthi unika ilungelo lokulawula laseGibhithe.

Nate - unkulunkulukazi owadala umhlaba. Edolobheni Sens babekholelwa nawukuthi kuyasiza empini nokuzingela.

Nephthys, noma Nebethet - unkulunkulukazi ukufa. Kukholakala ukuthi umbhali amaculo amaningi ngengoma nasemithandazweni. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, ibuye ohlonishwa njengomholi unkulunkulukazi nezocansi. Esikhathini izibalo ke uvezwa owesifazane othile mklamo ongavamile ekhanda, ehlanganisa ndlu amaHubo bugcizelelwa ubhasikidi ukwakhiwa. Lolu phawu iyingxenye hieroglyphs baseGibhithe lasendulo.

Nehbet - unkulunkulukazi ukusiza ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ubethula ifanekiselwa owesifazane enomqhele elimhlophe kanye nenqe ekhanda. Ungathola izithombe lapho linikezwa ukuma ikhayithi. Nehbet ikakhulukazi ohlonishwayo e Nekhen, inhloko-dolobha elibangise eNhla neGibhithe.

Chickpea noma Awu - unkulunkulukazi esibhakabhakeni. Wazala u-Isis, Nephthys, u-Osiris kanye uSeti. ezimbili izithombe zawo zingatholakala izibalo: inkomazi yasezulwini kanye nowesifazane obusuka phansi nge izandla nezinyawo.

Sekhmet - unkulunkulukazi futhi ngomfazi Ptah. Lowo wesifazane wayebhekwa njengomfelokazi umsizi empini futhi amelwe Ingxenye ukushisa kwelanga. lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa yena ugcinwe Memphis.

Taweret - unkulunkulukazi ukusiza ngesikhathi sokubeletha bese emelela wenzalo zesifazane. Esikhathini izibalo ke ufanekiselwa imvubu zesifazane emi imilenze yangemuva. umfanekiso wakhe zingatholakala ku iziphandla, ngoba wasizwa kanjani ukuba axoshe imimoya emibi.

Tefnut - unkulunkulukazi-nomvikeli ukushisa kanye umswakama. Wakhe zaveza elekhanda nanjengengonyamakazi. lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa yena ugcinwe Tefnut.

Wadjet - unkulunkulukazi lomelelwa cobra. Its ohlonishwayo emzini Pe-ekusukwa kuwo. Wadjet kwaba samuntu amandla kaFaro.

Hathor - unkulunkulukazi umculo nothando. Esikhathini izibalo kubonakala inkomo ngezimpondo ekhanda lakhe. lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa yena ugcinwe Dendera.

Izinganekwane of Ancient Egypt

Egypt izinganekwane waqala ukwakha kule VI-IV th. BC. e. Ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezwe kwakhiwa onkulunkulu ayo wonkulunkulu wadala ihlelo unkulunkulu wayo. ayihlala zasemhlabeni onkulunkulu osuphinde wazalwa ngo izilwane, izitshalo, izindikimba zasezulwini, nenqubo engokwemvelo.

izinganekwane waseGibhithe bathi izwe kwaba komkhathi ongagcwali yamanzi wazala igama kaNuni. Out of the chaos sekukhona kukankulunkulu wadala amazulu nomhlaba, izitshalo, izilwane, abantu. Sun baba unkulunkulu Ra, ngubani iphuma imbali lotus. Uma uthukuthela ke phansi kwafika ukushisa nesomiso. Abantu babekholelwa ukuthi onkulunkulu waba oFaro kuqala.

Kodwa waseGibhithe ekudalweni inganekwane akuyona indaba eyodwa. Lo mcimbi efanayo lingachazwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, futhi onkulunkulu okwethulwa guises ahlukahlukene.

Creation inganekwane

EGibhithe, kwakunamabandla amathathu isikhungo esiyinhloko zenkolo - Memphis, Heliopolis futhi Hermopolis. In ngamunye kubo kwakukhona inguqulo ye umsuka emhlabeni.

Ku Heliopolis ikakhulukazi bakhuleka nonkulunkulu welanga. WaseGibhithe inganekwane ngokudalwa emhlabeni ngoba abapristi bendawo yayisekelwe lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa yakhe. Babekholelwa ukuthi unkulunkulu Atum iphuma emanzini ibutho intando yakhe, avuke amanzi itshe engcwele, ogama lakhe Benben. Njengoba enyukela phezulu ke, unkulunkulu Atum wabeletha Shu emoyeni umswakama kokubili unkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi Tefnut, owabe wabeletha emhlabeni unkulunkulu Geb futhi isibhakabhaka unkulunkulukazi Nut. Labo nkulunkulu kuyisisekelo sesihlalo indalo. Khona-ke sizalwa u-Osiris, uSeti, u-Isis kanye Nephthys kusukela inyunyana Insinjana Geb. onkulunkulu amane weza Ihlanganisa ogwadule olungenalutho kanye evundile esigodini iNayile.

Ngo Hermopolis wayekholelwa ukuthi umsunguli umhlaba ungakabikho onkulunkulu eziyisishiyagalombili - ogloada. Lalinama ezine zesifazane nawonkulunkulu amane besilisa. Naunet kaNuni futhi zabonisa amanzi Haunet futhi Hu - isikhala Kaunet Pheka - ebumnyameni amunet UAmoni - emoyeni. onkulunkulu bamanga Eight waba abazali kankulunkulu welanga, owanikela ukukhanya emhlabeni.

Legend Memphis Germopolisnuyu efana, kodwa omunye umehluko - unkulunkulu Ptah wafika nonkulunkulu welanga. Lesi sakamuva wadalwa inhliziyo futhi nolimi Ptah.

Osiris e Ancient Egypt izinganekwane

Heroes izinganekwane aseGibhithe ikakhulukazi onkulunkulu, edume kakhulu kubo - Osiris. Yena ukubukelwa ezolimo kanye winemaking.

Ngokusho yetinsita wayengumuntu umbusi waseGibithe. Phakathi nokubusa kwakhe, izwe lachuma. Kwadingeka a nomfowethu omncane of Osiris, uSeti, yayifuna ukuzuza amandla. Wahlela ukuba sifeze lokhu ngokusebenzisa ukubulala.

Isis, udade nonkosikazi of Osiris, isikhathi eside ngifuna umzimba womyeni wakhe. Khona-ke uzala indodana, waqamba Gore. Isithende, yena sizigabisa uSeti futhi siyavuka Osiris. Kodwa yokugcina engafuni ukuhlala phakathi kwabantu, waba umbusi wezwe lemimoya.

Kukholakala ukuthi uma isiko yomngcwabo yomuntu ongasekho zizohlonishwa yibo bonke imithetho, khona-ke uyokwazi ukuba athole ukuphila okuphakade, efana Osiris.

NeNayile eGibhithe lasendulo izinganekwane

Mythology waseGibhithe ngeke kube khona kungekho ezinganekwaneni iNayile, okuyinto wadlala indima enkulu ukubukeka i ngempucuko yasendulo.

Kukholakala ukuthi umzimba engcwele amanzi exhunywe kwezwe labantu, izulu eHayidese. Umfula, ogeleza udlule ezweni, samuntu unkulunkulu Hapi. Lapho yokugcina isesimweni esihle, bese okukhiphayo kusukela ogwini emfuleni, futhi ayegcwele umswakama umhlabathi, okwenza kube lula ukutshala imifino.

Esikhathini Nile wahlala emimoyeni eyahlukene ababe abantu ngesimo izilwane: amaxoxo, ofezela, izingwenya nezinyoka.

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene unkulunkulu Ra

izinganekwane eziningi waseGibhithe ukutshela kankulunkulu Ra. Ezinye zazo bathi abantu uvela izinyembezi uNkulunkulu. Amehlo akhe angamalangabi uphawu enamandla ubuciko laseGibhithe. Ungathola izithombe zabo on amabhokisi, izingubo, iziphandla. Amehlo ka Ra wahlala ngokuhlukile emzimbeni wakhe. Iso langakwesokunene wakwazi sixoshe nabaphikisi, futhi kwesokunxele - okuphulukisa ekuguleni.

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene onkulunkulu baseGibhithe Baxoxa Amazing lapho iso of Osiris ukhonza uhlamvu ngabanye noma into.

Ngokwesibonelo, kwelinye legend, Ra wadala indawo yonke, akuyona efana ezweni lethu, futhi ibekwe khona onkulunkulu abantu. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, izakhamuzi isinqumo ukuhlela yonke ngaye uzungu. Kodwa Ra sezwa ngalokho saqunta ukuze ajezise laba bahlaseli. Ukuba eqoqwe bonke onkulunkulu, awasho kubo: "Nina onkulunkulu! Ngazakhela abantu emehlweni ami, futhi are tula okubi ngami! "Ngemva la mazwi, Ra waphonsa abantu amehlo akho, okwakuthatha ifomu lonkulunkulukazi Hathor-Sekhmet. Yena ayesebenzelana ngayo nabantu, kodwa akanandaba ukuthi okwamanje, futhi kanjani Ra kungaba aphonse iso lakho.

Ngo enye inkolelo-ze, Ra unika iso lakhe unkulunkulukazi Basti, ukumsiza ekulweni inyoka okubi. Kukhona nganekwane, lapho Ra iso kufaniswa unkulunkulukazi Tefnut. Wayengumngane mad at kuNkulunkulu, futhi waya ehlane yedwa. Kunamakhulu izinganekwane okuzofakwa kuyo Ra iso isihloko ehlukile, kubonakala emangalisayo umuntu wanamuhla.

Izinganekwane imibhoshongo ecijile waseGibhithe

Umbuzo ka kanjani ukwakha amaphiramidi waseGibhithe lasendulo, ehlupha abacwaningi mlando kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Sibeka phambili inguqulo ehlukile, kodwa njengoba kwakunjalo empeleni, akekho owaziyo.

Kunezinsumansumane eziningi mayelana nokubonakala amaphiramidi nenjongo yabo. Omunye legend uthi imibhoshongo yayakhiwa ukugcina amagugu. Kodwa uma kunjalo, khona-ke umuntu wanamuhla ngeke bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso bayo. Ngemva yonke imicebo kungenzeka ukuthi yebiwe ezikhathini zasendulo.

Sokwakha izakhiwo ezinjalo kunzima, ngisho ngosizo ubuchwepheshe besimanje. AbaseGibhithe lasendulo benza kanjani? Imibhoshongo zakhiwe ngezingodo amabhlogo kusetshenzwe embondelene ngobunono phezu komunye nomunye. Bo thimu kuthambekele ngokuyinhloko ngokusebenzisa izinkanyezi. Ngakho-ke, ngisho ukubeka phambili version ngemvelaphi ezisemkhathini imibhoshongo.

Kukhona futhi ezinganekwaneni nasemibonweni evamile yabantu ukuthi imibhoshongo yayakhiwa ngaphambi kukaZamcolo Omkhulu Atlanta ukugcina ulwazi impucuko yabo. Kodwa ukufakazela ke kuze akekho owakwazi.

Kuyacaca ukuthi ngalezo zinsuku abantu abakwazanga ukudala isakhiwo efanayo. Lokhu imfihlakalo izozama ukuxazulula isikhathi eside. Akwaziwa ukuthi ezophatha ukukwenza.

Hieroglyphs kanye izinganekwane

Hieroglyphs waseGibhithe lasendulo kakhulu nenkolo futhi izinganekwane. Abantu ujike konkulunkulu ngolimi ekhethekile. Yikuphi kubonakala hieroglyphs kuqala. Babefanele uhlobo izidalwa kanye netintfo.

Ngokusho yetinsita unkulunkulu Thoth ngesimo izinhlamvu kuvezwa izisekelo yonke nolwazi. It ubhekwa ukuvela lokubhala waseGibhithe.

Abapristi izithombe amaqiniso aphezulu wahosha izibalo zezilwane nezitshalo. Ezingqondweni zawo ngokwazi ukuthi uNkulunkulu awuniké, kufanele kuboniswe ifomu elula. Ngokwesibonelo, umbono isikhathi lingachazwa ngokuthi okuthile ngokuxhamazela lokuhlanganisa nalo. Isifundisa ukukhuthala, dala imicimbi, futhi ekugcineni ubhubhisa kubo. Hieroglyphs waseGibhithe lasendulo ayeveza umqondo ngesimo inyoka ezinamaphiko ebambe umsila wayo emlonyeni - isithombe esisodwa ukuze isithombe ulwazi eziyinkimbinkimbi.