Ingabe inhlokodolobha womama ukuze amawele? Yini womama dolobha ngaleso ukuzalwa kwamawele kuyisenzakalo esikhethekile

Omunye izikhathi esijabulisa kunazo zonke ekuphileni futhi bejabule njengeqembu ukuphila kokuzalwa abazali bezingane. Futhi uma ukukhanya uvela ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa ingane, kodwa ezimbili nje, kungcono injabulo, ngokulandelana, iphindwe ezimbili. Kulokhu, kokuthola inhlokodolobha umzali ngeke ifaneleka kakhulu. Kodwa kanjani inkokhelo eyenziwe, hhayi lapho ingane izalwe? Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukunikeza dolobha womama ukuze amawele? Lemibuto zithinta inqwaba omama nobaba. Ake sihlole kubo ngokuningiliziwe.

Kuyini dolobha kamama?

Russia wuhlelo federal wethulwa 2007. Injongo yayo oyinhloko ukwandisa izinga lokuzalwa futhi ukusiza imindeni abasha nezingane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Uma umntwana wakhe esezelwe, isibonelo, Disemba 30, 2006, inhloko-dolobha womama singanikezwanga kuso. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ekupheleni kohlelo isinyathelo kuyoba ekupheleni 2016. Kodwa kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi iphrojekthi uzobe enwetshiwe kuze 2025.

inhlokodolobha nokubeletha: amawele, lokuzalwa lokuqala

Abazali abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi bazoyithola yokukhokha uma emva sokukhulelwa lokuqala azalelwa izingane 2 nje. Abanye abantu ngephutha sikholelwe ukuthi uma lokuzalwa kwakunebandla elilodwa kuphela, ngeke bathole izinkokhelo. Abanye, kunalokho, cabanga ngokuthi inhloko-dolobha womama, uma kwala mawele, bazoyithola kabili ngobukhulu. Bobabili azilungile.

Ukuze imibuzo enjalo ayisekho kuphakama, sichaza dolobha kamama unikezwa lapho umndeni ingane yakhe yesibili futhi okwalandela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingaki nokuzalwa kwezingane kwakubhalwa umama - elilodwa noma amabili. Kulokhu, usayizi izinkokhelo asishintshi Kunoma yikuphi, ngisho lapho kuzalwa ezintathu, isamba kuyoba ngelilodwa phakathi. Ngamanye amazwi, inhlokodolobha kamama ngaleso ukuzalwa kwamawele kuyisenzakalo esikhethekile ikhishwa kanye khona ukuba kuzalwe umuntu (hhayi ngowokuqala) ingane - esisodwa, noma uma abazali ngemva konyaka wangena kwenye double.

Kungakanani isimo okhokhela ukuzalwa kwamawele kuyisenzakalo esikhethekile?

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, inani izinkokhelo lapho kuzalwa kokubili kwaba kunye nezingane eziningana ngesikhathi esifanayo, okufanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2013 sasifana nokuthi ruble 408.960. Manje, ngo-2014, ngenxa kwamandla emali, leli nani kwaba kancane ulungise - ruble 429 408.

Imibandela yokuthola izinkokhelo

Ukuze abazali bakwazi ukusizakala lokhu soxhaso, kumele ube namalungelo athile ukuyithola. Ngakho:

• umuntu ulindele ukwamukela inkokhelo (ngokuvamile unina) Kufanele ube yisakhamuzi Russian;
• ingane, eziyobusiswa inikezwe dolobha kumele godu abe sisakhamuzi we Russian Federation;
• ukwesekwa State zizonikezwa emindenini abanale kokuzalwa kwala mawele noma bamukela kusukela ekuqaleni 2007 kuze kube sekupheleni 2016.

uxhaso kabili ukuzalwa kwamawele kuyisenzakalo ekuzalweni yesibili - lokhu?

Yebo, lezi zinhlelo zitholakala ezifundeni eziningana. Ngakho-ke, uma lokuzalwa yesibili wazalwa amawele, unina kufanele uqaphele ukuthi banayo ithuba ukuze uthole ukwesekwa lesifunda. It ikhishwa sokuzalwa ngamunye noma ukutholwa kwezingane, kuyilapho inani lawo ifinyelela 4-5. uxhaso ezinjalo abazali noma kusukela Altai weRiphabhulikhi Tyva.

Regional womama dolobha ngaleso ukuzalwa kwamawele kuyisenzakalo esikhethekile lapho kuzalwa wesibili, noma kunalokho, usayizi waso kungenzeka ruble 30,000 ukuze 200,000. Kwezinye izindawo, lapho umkhaya wesithathu futhi okwalandela encane abazali esikhishwe ezweni ukuze kwakhiwe indlu.

Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho esifundeni sakho lokuqala isimiso esinjalo, ungafunda ekuphathweni wendawo noma uMnyango zokuvikeleka komphakathi Pension Fund.

Ngubani ongathola inkokhelo?

inhlokodolobha nokubeletha ngesikhathi ukuzalwa kwamawele kuyisenzakalo esikhethekile uthola ngokuvamile umama. Futhi yini okufanele uyenze uma eshona? Ingabe inhlokodolobha womama ukuze amawele kulokhu? Uma kunjalo, ubani? Ezimweni ezinjalo, soxhaso elinikezwayo:

• Abazali abakuthola kokubili izingane;
• UPapa izingane uma umama yabo bancishwa amalungelo ngumzali noma wafa;
• izingane, noma ingane eyodwa ezimweni lapho abazali noma abazali abakuthola akakwazi, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ufanelekele ukukhokhelwa.

Yini imibhalo edingekayo?

Eqinisweni, uma umama othile ubeletha twins dolobha, siye kakade asebenzelana ngayo. Manje udinga ukuthola ukuthi amaphepha adingekayo ukuthola ke, nokuthi bangaya kuphi ukuze. Ngakho, ukusebenzisa i-capital womama, udinga ukuza lendawo Pension Fund nemitlolo elandelako:

• iphasiphothi umama (noma umnakekeli) nekhophi yayo;
• izitifiketi zokuzalwa abantwana futhi amakhophi abo;
• SNILS igama umuntu lapho isitifiketi ngeke zibe semthethweni, futhi womabili;
• uma kunesidingo - imibhalo efakazela ukuthi izingane umzuzi abayizakhamuzi we Russian Federation;
• e ukwamukelwa - amaphepha ukuthi uqinisekise leli qiniso.

ukusetshenziswa uxhaso

Cash ezincike ngesikhathi ukuzalwa kwamawele kuyisenzakalo esikhethekile ezingalweni zakhe kungukuthi ikhishwe. Ngemva esezele izingane iminyaka emithathu, abazali bangasebenzisa inhlokodolobha womama ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• Ukuthuthukisa izimo izindlu. Umxhaso ingaqondiswa ukwakhiwa yendlu (imisebenzi inkokhelo usonkontileka) noma ukuthenga ezindlini isiqedile.
• Ukukhokhela imfundo yezingane.
• Ukubuthelela impesheni kamama.
• Ukubuyisela imali ukubolekisa ukuthenga izindlu.

Uma inani lemali lizobe wachitha akuyona yonke, ibhalansi izoba ngaphansi nangenkomba yonyaka ngokuhambisana ukwanda kwamanani ezimpahla.

Kanye nokubambezela ukuthola uxhaso

Uma abazali abakwazanga ngokushesha isicelo soxhaso, unikezwa ukuthi inhlokodolobha womama ukuze amawele kulokhu? Okudingekayo. Isicelo sokuthola isitifiketi kungaba zithunyelwe ngokushesha ngemuva ukubonakala izingane, futhi ngemva konyaka noma emibili. Nesikhathi esiqondile umthetho singanikezwanga. Isinqumo ukunika isitifiketi izokwamukelwa ezinsukwini ezingu-30, kanye isicelo uzokwaziswa.

Uma izingane iminyaka engu-3 ubudala, abazali bangasebenzisa olungu iziqondiso abalwe ngenhla. Ukukhethwa yiyona ukubuyiswa kwemali imalimboleko izindlu - kulokhu ingasetshenziswa ngokushesha ekwamukelweni isandla isitifiketi. inkokhelo yenziwa ezinyangeni ezingu-2 emva ukwamukelwa nokuzithoba kwesicelo sabo etholakalayo.

Futhi uma umntwana ufile?

Kuthiwani uma ngesikhathi sokubeletha ingenye izinsana bafa? Ingabe inhlokodolobha womama ukuze amawele kulokhu? Cha, ezimweni ezinjalo, umthetho wenqabela ukukhipha sesibonelelo. Uma ingane ishone ngemuva abazali Uthole ebulawa isitifiketi sakhe lokuzalwa, ithuba uthole isitifiketi.