Actinidia zokutshala nokunakekela eNorth Caucasus, noma indlela yokutshala ikiwi

Actinidia - izitshalo endala kakhulu, imivini zikhule emahlathini emvula, ngaphambi kokuba umuntu wokuqala. Actinidia basakaza eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, eMpumalanga Ekude, e-China ne-Korea. Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi zalesi sihlahla ngale isithelo esetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi, ezine; Actinidia Argut, Actinidia Kolomikta, Actinidia purpurea futhi Actinidia Chinese noma ikiwi. Izithelo actinidia amafomu kwamasiko etholakala esanda kutholakala, ekhulwini XIX (zilwane zasendle Actinidia izithelo ezincane). I. V Michurin yabhekisela lesi sitshalo, baletha izinhlobo yokuqala band phakathi. Esikhathini nemibandela North eCaucasus angakhula ngempumelelo futhi bathele izithelo Actinidia Chinese, betshala nokunakekela zifana zomvini ezikhulayo.

Actinidia Chinese esekhulile e China lasendulo (kungakho igama layo liyi "ugqumugqumu Chinese"), imbewu kwalethwa New Zealand, kukhona abalimi balethwe indlela entsha izithelo ezinkulu futhi esihlwabusayo. Pubescent, izithelo zegolide-sinombala eNew Zealand abalimi ukuthi wakhumbuza inyoni ikiwi - uphawu izwe lokuzalwa kwakhe. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama - "Kiwi", izithelo ezintsha kanye kwaduma eYurophu. Ngo-1988, Adler Isilingo Station wabeka ipulazi lokuqala kiwi (mayelana 5ha uthatha lolu Actinidia) ukutshala nokunakekela, lapho lakhiwa, efanelekayo sezulu esipholile ugu, nakuba Actinidia ekhula kahle kwezifunda zezintaba (isibonelo, eduze nedolobhana Krasnaya Polyana).

Kiwi - ngisidiribe (umuthi umgibeli) ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha 20, okuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, kudzinga kwesekelwa. amahlumela amasha zintekenteke, abahlukaniswe kalula.
Actinidia dioecious, phezu isitshalo efanayo can besifazane kuphela noma nje izimbali besilisa. Ngesakhiwo, ukuze zithole impova evamile, utshalwe endaweni izitshalo 8-9 zesifazane - 2 owesilisa, 5 yensikazi, noma - elilodwa leduna Actinidia. Ukutshala nokunakekela: Ake uqale nge ukukhethwa ukwesekwa efanelekayo. Ngaphansi Actinidia Ungasetha ekhethekile ukwesekwa ukuphakama 3.5 amamitha. NabasePoland izingongolo kumele kube eziqinile, lakhiwe ngokhonkolo noma insimbi. Bona tensioned lashukumisa wire 5mm. Emigqeni 4. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu kungenziwa isethwe ephakeme, L emise ukwesekwa. Ungakwazi "sibe" ikiwi kanye Gazebo noma ukwakhiwa udonga. Kubalulekile Actinidia zokutshala bavikelekile umoya. ENorth Caucasus ikiwi ezolile Ubusika ku ukwesekwa.

Actinidia kudingeka izibani okuhle, ukuthambisa njalo, evundile, inhlabathi akhanywa. Inhlabathi asidi 4-6, nenhlabathi ane-alikhali ocebile calcium ngokuba ikiwi asifanele. Ukutshala ikiwi emgodini noma emseleni ne ukwengeza umquba, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo 4 amamitha. Lapho ukutshala kubalulekile hhayi yokungcwaba entanyeni impande (ke kungenziwa kwesokunxele ngaphezu kwamanzi inhlabathi nge 2 cm). Izimpande izithombo agcinwe endaweni esitsheni ifilimu ukhululeka kuphela ngesikhathi kokufika (rootlets esihle kalula zome futhi zife). izitshalo batshala bafa, kusale 3-4 efihlekile eqinile futhi tie.

zokutshala Abasha badinga isikhathi esithe Ukuhlakula ukhula, ukuchelela kanye mulching. Nge ukuthambisa eyanele Eminyakeni yokuqala 4 kungenziwa itshalwe phakathi kwezitshalo strawberry. Actinidia bekholelwa nezakhi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke edinga ukondliwa. Nenhlabathi eNorth Caucasus, ngokuvamile, abampofu e humus loam. On nenhlabathi ezinjalo, entwasahlobo isitshalo sivamile isipiliyoni nitrogen indlala, okungase kunqunywe ukonakala futhi yellowing amahlamvu kanye petioles ububomvu. Kuyadingeka ukuba zalisa ikhambi ikiwi urea (a emnene, hhayi ashise izimpande). Kuzoba uhlelo lokusebenza olusizayo futhi foliar urea. Imiphumela emihle etholakale ngokwethula ikiwi organic (umquba, yenziwa njalo eminyakeni 2-3, 6-10 kg ngesithombo sikabhanana). Uhlobo oluhle kumiswa Actinidia - palmette; olulodwa noma kabili ezintathu-tiered. The main Actinidia yokukhipha okungadingekile engqondweni kwenziwe ebusika, ekupheleni Januwari - Februwari, asekelwe ngokusika - ehlobo, ngo-June - ekuqaleni kuka July. Okusakazwa cuttings bok of kiwi, ukusika amahlumela yonyaka phakathi izihlahla ebusika.
Akunzima kangako sikhule lesi sitshalo - Actinidia, nokunakekela akusona nzima kunokuphila, isibonelo, ukutshala izimbali ezweni.