Ingabe dollar yenyuka 2014? Isibikezelo dollar ngo-2014

Ekupheleni kuka-2013 nasekuqaleni kuka-2014 i-ruble kwayo ahambe kahle kakhulu liqhathaniswa ne-dollar. Kodwa ngo-June isimo, njengoba kuboniswa ukuhweba uthathelwe international ezimakethe lwemali, kwakusekhona okunye esivuna imali yamaphepha Russian. Yikuphi ukuthambekela ukucabangela ayisisekelo? Ingabe dollar yenyuka 2014 ezinyangeni ezizayo ngokumelene ruble nezinye zezimali zomhlaba?

izici lasisekelo buthaka of the ruble

ochwepheshe Market ngamazwe lwemali yokuhweba, uzama ukuhlola amathemba imali isiRashiya, engimbumbile amakamu amabili. Abameleli beNdikimba aqale akholwe ukuthi ruble isazoqhubeka buthaka esikhathini esizayo - njengoba kwenzeka ezinyangeni zokuqala of 2014. Basuke umelana abahlaziyi (abamele uhulumeni ikakhulukazi) abakholelwa ukuthi akukho ukukhathazeka akufanele kube mayelana izinga lwemali kazwelonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo-ke lezi zibalo obucacile: ngesikhathi esithile ukuhweba US dollar angizisoli ruble 35 nangaphezulu, safinyelela highs mlando.

Yiziphi izizathu ukuthi ruble kuyinto palpable ngakho, "bacwilisa '? Ochwepheshe ukwaba amaqembu amaningana izici. Okokuqala, kakhulu Central Bank siye saba buthaka kokulawulwa lwemali ekuhwebelaneni ruble. Ngakho, ngaphandle kokungenela, lwemali isiRashiya kwakuwulimi kancane ntekenteke khona kwabo. Okwesibili, ukwanda dollar ezaba nomthelela izakhamuzi zaseRussia ukukhuthalele wathenga imali American. Okwesithathu, kukhona isici ezithakazelisayo - uhulumeni uqobo kusukela iphuzu kwezomnotho umbono, a ruble ababuthakathaka kunenzuzo ngoba ngobuningi lemikhiqizo edayiswa izimali zakwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi njengoba isikhathi aseMelika. Amabhizinisi kabani imikhiqizo akhishwa phesheya, futhi isabelomali wezwe uzizwa ukhululekile kuphela ngoba ruble ukulahlekelwa value.

I-Russian ruble kanye dollar: izibalo sezulu

Ngo uchwepheshe imibuthano abizwa ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene izibalo ezibonisa dollar ngokwengeziwe 2014. Nokho, ngamunye izibikezelo kunakwe izizathu eziqondile kakhulu, okwenza kuyanda noma ekwindla ka zezimali. ngaleyo ndlela ukungafani e ukubaluleka dollar kwembono ruble sika okubangelwa umehluko ekuhloleni ochwepheshe, umthelela okungenzeka izici eziyinhloko intengo imali Russian. Ngokwesibonelo, uma intengo kawoyela kuzoncishiswa kusukela Inani lamanje ngesikhashana esingaphezudlwana $ 100 umphongolo kuya ku-80, i-ruble, abahlaziyi bathi, nakanjani bawe intengo kuze kufinyelele amayunithi 38-39 dollar ngalinye.

Uma intengo "igolide abamnyama" kuyoba ephakeme, kanye nemali Russian nge awokuthi kuyanda zokuvumelanisa ngentengo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izakhamuzi Russian Federation usethe ngempela engenathemba. Njengoba yamuva vo, amaRashiya nenqwaba phambili Ngokuqhubeka ukwehla imihlola.

Dollar nezwe zezimali: the bezimali izwi

ejensi Analytical kanye nochwepheshe ukuthi abasebenza kwi-American yemali yezwe, bazama ukuthola ukuthi amathemba yebhange amanothi emakethe. Phakathi kwabo kukhona nalabo abakholelwa ukuthi kusemthethweni ukwenza okuhle dollar isibikezelo 2014, okungenani.

kakhulu umbono zokushintsha zangaphandle amathemba emakethe, ochwepheshe bathi, luncike ukuhweba namanye imali yamaphepha, ngokukhethekile, phakathi sephawundi iphawundi ne-euro. Abanye abahlaziyi US ekutheni kube melula kutsi lwemali British uyovuka intengo maqondana "yezwekazi" ngenxa yokuthi European Central Bank uzoqhubeka buthaka inqubomgomo kuphazamisa endalini. I dollar bayovuka, ochwepheshe bathi, maqondana Canadian akubo, futhi New Zealand kanye izindaba mayelana nesimo umnotho lala mazwe akuyona omuhle ngokuphelele.

Kungakhathaliseki ukukhula dollar luyisisekelo ruble?

Kukhona inguqulo kokuwa ukuhweba of the ruble njengoba lwemali imakethe abasafufusa ngenxa yokuthi e-US - lizwe nge emnothweni esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - izinto ngcono, ukuze zimali baba nokuzethemba okwengeziwe dollar. Emhlabeni inqubo efanayo kungabonwa eYurophu. Russian emakethe (kanye nakwamanye amazwe asathuthuka), esikhundleni salokho, njengoba abanye abahlaziyi bakholelwa, angase abonakale ekhanga ngokwanele ukuba abatshalizimali. Yamanje ukuthuthukiswa bezikhali emnothweni isiRashiya, le ayesekela lo mbono, ekhathele - sidinga ukukhiqizwa entsha, amabhizinisi ezintsha. Phakathi izinzuzo emakethe Russian - isabelomali olinganiselayo, khona reserves ngamazwe. Amafutha abahlaziyi bathi, nge Amathuba amancane angawa e intengo ngezansi $ 100 umphongolo. Ngakho, nokwandisa dollar ngo-2014 ngokumelene lwemali Russian ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyisisekelo impumelelo emnothweni waseMelika, futhi ngakolunye - njengoba counterweight ukuzinza isihlobo wemakethe Russian, okuyinto has izinqolobane ketshezi kanye nokuthengiswa.

isici kwezomnotho

Ake sihlole esinye sezici sokunquma ekukhuleni dollar ngokumelene zezimali zamazwe asathuthuka, kuhlanganise ruble (futhi kwezinye izimo - njengoba imali yamaphepha kanye nalabo basemazweni asethuthukile) - sikhuluma mayelana nempumelelo izuzwe ekunqobeni amaMelika crisis. Izikhungo zemali ezihambelana emakethe US, kuyinto isethi Amathrendi omuhle, kukuvumela inkulumo mayelana ukuzinza wezasekhaya emnothweni.

Umgomo wezimali Fed, izazi zikholelwa kuyoba ngokwanele esithambile futhi ngenxa yalokho kunikela ukukhula akwabelanayo exchange isitokwe. Treasury izibopho kuyodingeka isivuno uzinze. Futhi, uma kwenzeka i-European emakethe athé ukwehluka. Amabhondi kwamanye amazwe ase-euro indawo sebeqala ukuya phezulu. I-European Central Bank yombango abahlaziyi bathi, hhayi nenqubomgomo osebenzayo ngokuphelele yemali.

Negative ngokuba "American" simo

Phakathi no-June 2014 lidlule umhlangano Federal Reserve komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali okwengeziwe. Ngaso leso sikhathi, lapho kwakukhona sabezindaba ikhanda lika -Federal Reserve, dollar sesehle kakhulu intengo. I Fed wanquma ukwehlisa kulindeleke ukukhula izibalo komnotho US ngo-2014, kanye ushiye ngaphambili izibalo isihlobo ukuba 2015-2016 sisebenza. Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali le bezimali ulindele wangaphambili, isimo abangasebenzi sesingconywana ethembisa.

Nokho, US ukuhweba kusilela kwanda ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka kulindeleke - ikakhulukazi, abahlaziyi bathi, ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga nokuthengiswa. I Fed izinhlelo ukugcina ukubaluleka esiphansi senzalo. Ezinye izinguquko Yokuvukela US ochwepheshe komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali ungalindeli, ngakho abantu ababaningi alinge ukunikeza izibikezelo eqinile ukukhula dollar. 2014, ngakho-ke, ngeke kube ukhiye ukuze lwemali US ngokuya ukuvikela izikhundla ku emazweni imali athuthukile, kanye ganda kanye euro.

Izimo letitsintsa izinga lokushintshisana

Yini enquma intengo emakethe ye-currency kazwelonke? inqubo kuyafana lokukhokhelwa iyiphi enye impahla, lo mshini main ukuthi inquma inani banknotes ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene - kungcono ukunikezela funa. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, izimo kumiswa nemingcele kulezi zinkanyezi ezimbili incike ezinye nezinye izinto. Phakathi kwabo - angaphandle ukuhweba ibhalansi, okuyinto nokhiphe lwemali, iziphathimandla komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali (amabhange amakhulu), kanye izidingongqangi zombusazwe. Kungakhathaliseki isikhathi lapho Dynamics waphawula ukukhula dollar - 2014 ngonyaka noma enye - mithetho ezifanelekile.

Foreign ukuhweba ibhalansi njengoba yezimbangela ukhiye

Ukwamukelwa zezimali emakethe kazwelonke ngaphandle kuxhomeke kulokho ukubaluleka nokuthengiswa kwezimpahla namasevisi. Exporters ukukhokhela izindleko ezihlobene imikhiqizo yayo, ukuthenga lwemali kazwelonke - yokuthengisa ngaphezulu phesheya, ayanda, ngokulandelana, ukufunwa yasekhaya yasebhange inothi yezwe kanye ephakeme izinga endalini. Importers futhi ukuthenga okuthile phesheya kumelwe ubhekane ukuze uthole exchange angaphandle.

Bakha ifunwa kakhulu kwamanye kuleli zwe. Ukulandwa babubukhulu ngokwengeziwe, kuba ilapho zithola okwengeziwe sifuna ebhange lakwelinye izwe amanothi, kanye aphansi ngesilinganiso lwemali kazwelonke. Ukuze dollar, zonke lezo zimiso njengoba evumelekile. Ngakho-ke, abatshalizimali bona sihlola amathuba ngabe dollar yenyuka 2014, futhi kwaba namuphi ngegalelo, ukutadisha ngokuyinhloko izibalo namanye amazwe wase-United States. Isici esibalulekile ekutholeni izinombolo lwemali Ukuhweba - ibhalansi nokukhokhwa isimo. Uma kuwukuthi omuhle, kunomthelela izinga lokukhula imali yamaphepha kazwelonke. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka emnothweni US kulo nyaka ngeke uhambe kahle, kanye nokulinganisela uzobe elinesimo mkhuba omuhle, dollar exchange rate ngo-2014 kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi wabikezela njengompristi ophakeme.

Impikiswano lwemali njenge Isici Yiqiniso

Amafomu eyinhloko lwemali supply emakethe - ukunyatheliswa futhi ukukhishwa kwemali ebolekwe abafundi ukuba amabhange yangasese, zombili izinhlobo imisebenzi eyenziwa States nezikhungo ezihambisana zezimali. Uma izimpahla imali ku emnothweni kuyashesha ke ukushuba ukufunwa imali yamaphepha ayikwazi ukuhambisana nayo, ukuze izinga lokushintshisana ungenqaba. Ochwepheshe ukwakha dollar isibikezelo 2014, ngaleyo ndlela ukuhlola umsebenzi zokunyathelisa imali yamaphepha yisikhungo sezinhlangano eziphambili zezezimali American, kanye nemisebenzi yabo emkhakheni wangasese yasebhange obolekisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, e- Inkinga 2008 , lo okuthiwa Paulson Uhlelo wamukelwa ngonyaka e-United States. Ngaphansi kwale phrojekthi, amabhange kwakumelwe athole ezibolekiwe kanye izibambiso kusukela corporations zezimali - ahlambe.

ngezinye izikhathi Okunye uthi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanayo - ngokwesibonelo, eRussia kuze 2006, wayekwenza ukuthengiswa saziso olungaphelele ezimakethe zangaphandle by abathuthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enifeza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kokungenela emakethe yasekhaya, amabhange central singalondoloza izinga lemali yasekhaya eyayenziwe. Ekuhloleni amathuba ukuthi ukwandisa dollar ngo-2014 ngokumelene ruble, ochwepheshe babuka indlela Central Bank inqubomgomo waseRussia maqondana lokungenelela endalini exchange angaphandle.

Dollar njengendlela "ngiphephile"

Ngu iyiphi indlela yokubala, emnothweni US - omkhulu futhi enye yezindawo esitebeleni kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, i-dollar has inqolobane enkulu ukuzethemba ku ingxenye zimali okuvela emhlabeni wonke. Isici esibalulekile - umlando lwemali. Dollar ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka, futhi phakathi naso sonke isikhathi inzuzo yayo emakethe, he was fike of iyindlela eyinhloko yokuthutha izinkokhelo zamazwe ngamazwe. Kukhona elithi "indawo ephephile." I-US dollar isetshenziswa ochwepheshe abaningi endaweni yokuqala (ngisho imali yamaphepha yalolu hlobo avamise ukubizwa yen Japanese). Lezi zezimali zibhekwa njengemikhiqizo enye yezindawo esitebeleni kakhulu umphumela uquqaba izinto eziningi. Ngakho-ke, abatshalizimali ozama ukuyeka izindleko of izinto zokusetshenziswa, isibonelo, izimakethe ngokuvamile ukuthengisa izimpahla zabo futhi uguqule wabayisa "ngiphephile." Lokhu kudala izimfanelo ezibalulekile ukuze impendulo omuhle umbuzo ukuthi ukwandisa dollar ngo-2014. "Yebo," - uthi ochwepheshe kakhulu lusito indima komlando lwemali US, kanye ubukhulu emnothweni US.