Indlela yokuthola ivolumu ye isilinda?

Igama elithi "cylinder" iza kithi kusuka Greek - «κύλινδρος» - ngesiRashiya kusho "roll" noma "ukushushuluza rink", kodwa inezincazelo ezintathu ezihlobene le miqondo emibili.

Okokuqala - umzimba weJiyomethri kwakhiwa okuyinto yi azungeza omunye emaceleni isikwele. Eyesibili amasu lasetshenziswa ukuze kubhekiselwe endaweni izingxenye noma amadivayisi, isibonelo, "I piston" noma "injini isilinda." izigqoko zabesilisa kokuba simise okuhambisanayo - Okwesithathu.

Umbuzo ka "indlela ukunquma ivolumu uMbhalo?" Kwenza umuzwa wokuqala amanani amabili ikhambi zezinkinga weJiyomethri. Kuyinto efanele yemfundo, ezesayensi noma ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe (design, ukufakwa, ukwakhiwa, ukukhanda, njll) inqubo, kanye ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngoba icala lesithathu kuyafaneleka ukukhuluma mayelana komugqa Ubukhulu umnqwazo njengabapristi, enquma isitayela yayo kanye nosayizi.

Impendulo yalo mbuzo othi: "kanjani ukuthola umthamo we isilinda" kuzoya ngohlobo umzimba weJiyomethri. I amasilinda kukhona yomumo noma iqonde, kanye isiyingi, okweqanda, ephambene, parabolic.

Ngokuvamile leli gama baqonde kwesokudla umzimba isiyingi. Singasho imelelwa isikhala okuyinto igudle ezimbili okuhambisana belingana isayizi shape njengoba izindiza kumbuthano futhi ohlangothini ebusweni ngesimo isikwele (zenzeka), ezimbili izinhlangothi eziphikisanayo okuyinto uqondane umugqa, umbuthano ezichaza lezi evele ngokulinganisa. Ebusweni eceleni perpendicular kubo. Zonke agumenti okwalandela kulesi sihloko uzobe ezihlobene ngokuqondile kumuntu isilinda kwesokudla isiyingi, njengoba incazelo yanoma iluphi uhlobo kungaba ngesihloko esihlukile.

Qonda ukuthi ukubala umthamo we isilinda, izophinda ukusiza incazelo yaleli zwi "Ivolumu". Isetshenziselwa njengoba isilinganiso ambalwa of isikhala esithatha into noma emzimbeni. It has a ubuhlobo obuseduze welithi "umthamo", okungukuthi, kanye nekhono, ekutholweni Ubukhulu komugqa wamakhasi nokuma kwawo, ukuze kuhlale ngesitsha noma esitsheni ethile okuthile. Umthamo uMbhalo icala olukhethekile welithi "ivolumu umzimba." Kungenzeka ngesimo indilinga, cube, iyiphi polyhedron, Isigaxa nokunye.

Umthamo uMbhalo kusebenza ujantshi amathangi, okungase zithutha 38 M3 (35 amathani) ka ezifana chemical njengoba styrene, noma 73 M3 (55 amathani) uphethiloli Super Euro-98. Ukuze yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini ebaluleke design ipharamitha kuyinto ivolumu zokusebenza. Ithola amandla ayo kanye nezinye izici, ngokuba icala elincane kuze kufinyelele 1.1 amalitha, ngoba krupnolitrazhnyh - ezingaphezu kuka 3.5 amalitha.

Ngakho ngemva sonke, kungaba kanjani ukuba uthole ivolumu uMbhalo? Lesi sibalo, kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umzimba, ngokusho endaweni ngokuvele azalane ukuphakama kwalo, inqobo nje ubukhulu kanye ukuma cross-section yayo nganoma isiphi isikhathi kanye ukuphakama efanayo.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukuba behlise isidumbu sayo akha Isigaxa noma indilinga inqubo enjalo asifanele. Le formula for kubalwa umthamo we isilinda kwesokudla isiyingi ungaboniswa njengoba umkhiqizo π inombolo (njalo zezibalo elilingana 3.14) futhi esigcawini engaba (r kulingana nengxenye ububanzi) we disk elele phansi uMbhalo nokuphakama isilinda (h): V = π • R2 • h.

ezidlula ezifana engaba futhi ukuphakama Kumelwe luboniswe phakathi amayunithi (uma ukuphakama ngamamitha ke ububanzi kumele ukuphila lubonakaliswa amamitha): mm, cm, DM, m, km. Khona-ke, ivolumu e mm3 cm3 etholwe, dm3 (l), m 3 km3, ngokulandelana. Izibonelo banikwa kanye main iyunithi nemikhiqizo noma oluphathelene naye lowo uhlelo SI.

Zisetshenziswa kodwa ingasaphathwa, nezinye-non-SI amayunithi angakahleleki, njengemoto pint, Ilitha, engamalitha, emgqonyeni nezinye. Inselele: indlela yokuthola ivolumu ukuphakama isilinda 5 m kanye engaba 2 m? Impendulo: V = 3.14 • 2 • 2 • 5 = 62.8 m3.

Lezi zibonelo kusobala ukuthi izinhloso washayelwa ngesimo umbuzo, "kanjani ukuba uthole ivolumu uMbhalo?" Ingabe kubaluleke kakhulu esisebenzayo. Nge isinqumo ezazibhekana nabo umsebenzi wabo esiwusizo futhi onjiniyela amakhono ahlukahlukene. abakhiqizi uwoyela Gasmen uphinde ubale inombolo imikhiqizo igesi akhishwa, uwoyela noma ezinye petroleum ngokusebenzisa amapayipi. Uma lokhu ivolumu uMbhalo kunqunywa, okuphakama kwawo ilingana ubude ipayipi ngenhloso ububanzi lwangaphakathi imali ezaziwayo.

Refiners futhi Petrochemical umkhiqizo ivolumu ibalwa (igesi noma uketshezi) ayizwayo ethangini bunjwa cylindrical, njengokuba nazi Ubukhulu weJiyomethri zedivayisi capacitive nobude ketshezi wathela kuwo. Kuyefana nasendleleni noma yimuphi umkhiqizo (umkhiqizo ukudla noma okuhluzwa Petrochemical) okuyinto ugcwele ku imiphongolo, glass amabhodlela noma ezinye iziqukathi bunjwa cylindrical.

Noma yimuphi umnikazi obelokhu ukupheka, ungakwazi ukubala inani umkhiqizo selifakiwe noma batheleka esibuthakathaka cylindrical, ngoba kwanele ukwazi ubukhulu futhi ukuphakama ukugcwaliswa isitsha.