Indlela civilizational

Civilizational yokusondela ukutadisha umlando - ke ingenye yezindlela yakhetha i-izingqondo yesayensi ukucacisa nezindaba ezibalulekile inkambo izenzakalo inqubo zomlando of nangenkathi ezahlukene. A umthelela omkhulu le ndlela kwadingeka imisebenzi mlando like u-Arnold Toynbee, Jaspers, NY Danilevsky nabanye abaningi.

Ucwaningo we inkambo zomlando of embulungeni yonke kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba balandele futhi uqonde ukuthi le nqubo ahlukahlukene, futhi kanjani eziningi ongakhetha ukufeza umphakathi libhekene hhayi kuphela izinzuzo kodwa futhi yokuntula.

indlela Civilizational ukhona eceleni formational, umehluko oyinhloko okuyinto ukuthi ngesisekelo cwaningo yalo iyona ubudlelwane yomphakathi kanye nomnotho zizimele ngentando yomuntu. Zikhona izizathu inhloso. Impucuko futhi ibeka umuntu, ikhumbula imithetho yayo zokuziphatha, ngenxa yobuhle nokusikwa ukubukwa nezimiso zokuziphatha at inhliziyo zonke izinqubo.

Umqondo "nempucuko" livela endulo, kodwa ngekhulu XVIII kwaba ingxenye olunzulu silulumagama zomlando. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yena waba ngenkuthalo uqale ukusebenzisa abameleli isayensi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- le nkathi alandisa ukubukeka ezahlukene impucuko mbono. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umqondo welithi "nempucuko" endulo wayephikisa nezinye umqondo lesiLatini elisho ukuthi "savagery." Ngisho ngalezo zinsuku zokuqala, abantu baye babona umehluko phakathi umphakathi zobuqaba futhi baphucukile nangokuphila sekukonke.

Ukubuyela ngemibono, laba ababili eziyinhloko izigaba kanye nabasekhaya. Ngokuhambisana lokuqala, impucuko kuyinqubo ngokuvumelana izigaba ezithile zentuthuko. Ukuqala ke lokhu kungase kubhekwe okwamanje lokubola emphakathini bakudala, lapho kuhlala khona isintu isidlulile esiteji nomhlaba ophucukile. impucuko okunjalo akunakubangelwa esiyinhloko, ngoba abazange babe ikhono lokusebenzisa amasiko civilizational esungulwe esikhathini sakamuva. Badale bebodwa, enikeza isithelo kulandele kumiswa. indlela ekhaya civilizational uhlola izici zomlando ka ukuvela umphakathi endaweni ethile, esibonakala by izici zayo siqu izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, izinhlangano zamasiko nezombusazwe. ubunjalo bendawo impucuko angaba khona ngaphakathi esimweni esithile, futhi ngokuhlanganisa ezifundazweni eziningana.

Impucuko zilwane sendawo - kuyinto uhlelo ukuthi siqukethe izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene: bezimiso zezombangazwe, isimo somnotho, geography, inkolo kanye nabanye abaningi. Konke lokhu izakhi kanye ngangokunokwenzeka zibonisa ubunjalo impucuko ethile.

indlela Civilizational, kanye stadial kusiza engela ahlukene ukubheka Yiqiniso zomlando imicimbi. Ukuze indlela esiteji ohlakaniphe libhekene Ukucabangela ukuthuthukiswa lesintu ngokuhambisana iyunifomu nemithetho jikelele. Theory impucuko wendawo kusekelwe ubuntu nokwehluka izinqubo zomlando. Ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukusho lapho umbono uwukuthi ungcono noma kukubi kakhulu. Bobabili banelilungelo khona, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje ongumphelelisi nomunye, sasiphila lalo. Izinombolo wesayensi zomlando bazama kaninginingi ukufunda inhlangano kokubili izindlela, kodwa kuze kube manje lokhu bekungakenzeki, futhi ayizange uhlelo ezivamile united kokubili mbono.

Kufinyeta, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi indlela civilizational kusiza ukuqonda imithetho eyisisekelo futhi izinkomba kumiswa kanye kumiswa impucuko izwe, ubunjalo impucuko ngabanye, kodwa futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqhathanisa izinqubo yentuthuko yezimpucuko ahlukahlukene.