Injongo kanye nomlando imisebenzi

indima ebalulekile ukuqeqeshwa ngemibono nemfundo Ochwepheshe yesimanje, kanye ekukhuleni kwengqondo okudala umuntu odlala isifundo ezahlukene humanities. Isayensi yomlando - omunye isayensi ebaluleke kakhulu emphakathini.

Umlando isayensi esidlule futhi imiphakathi yamanje yokuphila kwabantu imithetho ukuthuthukiswa amafomu oluthile lokuphila yezenhlalakahle izinguquko yesikhashana futhi ngekwendzawo. Inqubo zomlando okuqukethwe umlando, yembula ngamazwi asho into kanye nemicimbi, lapho kukhona ama-akhawunti zomlando kanye izikhumbuzo. Lesi senzakalo zihlukene futhi ezihlobene imisebenzi osaziwayo, kwamaZwe, ukuphila ngaphakathi nangaphandle United nokuthuthuka kwezomnotho.

Ngakho, umlando isayensi, yakhiwa amagatsha amaningana ulwazi zomlando - ezifana umlando wenkolo, isimo kanye nomthetho; ezempi, civil, ezenhlalo, ezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki umlando. Ngu sciences zomlando nemivubukulo ahlobene, okuyinto study umlando imithombo lasendulo impahla - ubucwebe, izinto zasekhaya, amathuluzi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi - engcebweni, zokungcwaba, emizaneni; futhi ethnography ukuthi ufunda isiko kanye nokuphila izizwe.

umlando Ohlukene nobubanzi izinto zokutadisha: umlando abantu ngabanye kanye namazwe (isibonelo, umlando Russia), amazwekazi (umlando Afrika nase-Asia), izwe lilonke (emlandweni wendawo yonke noma izwe).

Kukhona futhi eyala zomlando elisizayo, okuyinto ezincane ngokwanele into cwaningo, silitadishe eceleni, futhi kanjalo sinezele Ukukuqonda kahle inqubo zomlando ngokuvamile futhi umsebenzi umlando. Lezi zihlanganisa umlando wendawo, study umlando endaweni, esifundeni, endaweni; toponymics ukutadisha okuvela namagama ezindawo; Genealogy - kuncike salo umsuka izibongo nemizana. eyala zomlando asizayo nazo zihlanganisa epigraphs (ukutadisha imibhalo metal, ubumba, itshe); sphragistics (ukutadisha ukuphrinta kanye yezicathulo). Isihloko ekutadisheni heraldry kukhona izifanekiselo ngabanye imikhaya, emadolobheni kanye namazwe, vexillology - amafulegi, Metrology - isimiso izinyathelo, Numismatics futhi bonistics - banknotes Diplomatique - izenzo zomlando amadokhumenti wezomthetho, Yokuhlaziya Imibhalo Yasendulo - incwadi yasendulo kanye izikhumbuzo wesandla nomlando - izinsuku zezenzakalo ezingokomlando.

Eliphawuleka kakhulu zomlando eyala asizayo zihlanganisa umthombo ukuthi iveze izincwadi zomlando, abantu kanye mlando ukutadisha amaphethini ukuthuthukiswa komlando, ukuhlaziywa kanye incazelo imiqondo, imibono kanye ukubukwa mlando, okwembula umsebenzi ulwazi zomlando.

Umlando - ingenye wesayensi eziningi ezikhona ukukhonza lwesintu wesimanje, kodwa futhi omunye omdala hhayi kuphela. Imisebenzi izindaba njalo elihlobene ne neminye imikhakha yesayensi ezifana izincwadi, yezilimi, izibalo zezibalo, izibalo, ithiyori kwezomnotho, wokuqulwa kwamacala ezinkantolo, ifilosofi, kwabantu, Psychology nokunye. Kodwa, ngokungafani nazo, sixoxa ukuthuthukiswa nasemphakathini wonkana, ihlaziye isiqalo nesigcino izenzakalo zokuphila yomphakathi, ngalunye lwaso (ekuphileni, isiko, ezombusazwe, ezomnotho) nokuncika komunye nomunye wabo futhi interrelation. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi zonke ezikhona isayensi (lobuchwepheshe, kwezomnotho, kwezenhlalo) lufakwe nendaba. Kumanje gcwele hlobo of kwezobuciko nesayensi ngempela abe kwesigaba ibonisa ukuthi umlando imisebenzi: isibonelo, "Umlando Cinema", "History of Music", "Umlando Physics", njll Ngesikhathi zemigwaqo umlando nezinye izinhlobo zesayensi avele isayensi imikhakha eyahlukene - isibonelo, zomlando. nokwakheka nokuma kwezwe zomlando. Kuzo zonke lezi zici futhi umlando umsebenzi.