Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe mayelana nomlando wezepolitiki e-Russia: amahora, izithombe kanye nokubuyekeza

uhulumeni ngasinye esisha ufuna ukushiya i uphawu ongenakucimeka wokulingwa emlandweni wombuso. Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution-1917 iminyaka, kuningi osekushintshile ekuthuthukisweni waseRussia. Eminyakeni emibili ngemva zezombusazwe izinxushunxushu Museum kwavulwa Petersburg, wanikezela kulo mcimbi. ukuvulwa esingokomfanekiso esenzeka Winter Palace. Museum ngokuthi October Revolution, manje emnyuziyamu mayelana nomlando wezepolitiki.

ikheli Museum, Amahora okuvula

Kukhona Museum phezu Kuibyshev emgwaqweni, 2-4. Thola ke impela nje, yena Awukude metro station "Gorky". Drayivu kungenzeka kusukela esiteshini "Petrogradskaya" marshrutkami № 46, № 76; kusukela "esiteshini Finnish" marshrutkami № 30, № 183 noma ibhasi 49; nge: "Temidlalo" ebhasini 183 №.

Uma ufika ku zivakashele Petersburg, ungavakashela i-Museum of History Political ngesikhathi esikahle: nsuku zonke kusukela amahora 10 kuya 18, ithikithi ehhovisi ivulwa kuze kushaye ezinhlanu kusihlwa. Lesi sangoma kuyinto isifuba 20 amahora, amahora wokusebenza imali - kusuka amahora 10 kuya 19.

History of the Museum

Museum of Political Umlando Russia (zakuqala - Museum of the Revolution) yasungulwa ngo-Okthoba 9, 1919. It ekuqaleni ligcinwe Sasebusika esitezi sesibili. Ekwakheni iqhaza ezidumile emlandweni, izibalo amasiko isayensi: AV Lunacharsky, Maxim Gorky, Academician Oldenburg, populists Novorussky, Figner Morozov. Inhloso Abadali Museum, kwakufanele adlulisele kubantu zomhlaba ukunyakaza wamavukelambuso. Phakathi neminyaka yokuqala eyishumi abangu ezimise amaqoqo ezinikezwa mayelana engaphelele yomzabalazo wezigaba eRussia (kusukela Emelyana Pugacheva ukuhlubuka futhi ukwakhiwa zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni kuleli zwe), eNtshonalanga (kusukela French wobunxiwankulu revolution, ukuze iCommunist International).

Lezi zivakashi bafika kokuthoma lapha 11 Januwari 1920. Sekungamashumi eminyaka INcwadi Yonyaka Museum mayelana nomlando wezepolitiki Petersburg ngokuphindaphindiwe ushintshe umqondo zesayensi, futhi ngendlela efanele, futhi igama layo. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe we utho lwesikhala in a okufika ngesikhathi futhi kwezombusazwe lesifanele iqanjwe kabusha. Kusukela ngo-1991, yena njengoba State Museum of History Political ezaziwayo.

Ukuhambisa ku-mgwaqo Kuibyshev

Phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, okungukuthi 1957 Museum ihunyushwa mgwaqo Kuibyshev. Izidingo zakhe ezimbili inxuluma, owayekade ephethwe yi-brilliant prima ballerina Mathilde Kshesinskaia nezinkulu LESOPROMYShLENNIKI Brant.

Kshesinskaia inxuluma lakhiwa abadumile wezakhiwo Gauguin eminyakeni 1904-1906. Phakathi Yenguquko 1917 yaphenduka endlini ballerina kwezisebenzi kwamaBolshevik. Nansi iKomiti Central we Party, club leli sosha sika "Pravda" futhi yiKomiti yezeMpi. Kusukela emphemeni inxuluma kwemacala bakhe kubantu abangu uVladimir Ilich Lenin, umholi Zinoviev, Trotsky nezinye izikhulumi eziningi. Okwamanje, i-Museum of mayelana nomlando wezepolitiki inikeza izivakashi workroom V I. Lenina. Eyesibili indlu (Brant Baron) ukungezwa ku esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo komuzi. Yakhiwa ngo-1909, elaklanywa wezakhiwo zayo Meltzer.

Eminyakeni 1955-57 nomqondo umakhi sika Nadezhina lezi ezimbili inxuluma kuhlanganiswe zibe munye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lapha futhi izindlu Museum of the utho lwesikhala. Novemba 5, 1957 labetibambile ukuvulwa kwayo indawo entsha. Ngo-1972, waqala khona engaphansi kwe-Ministry of Culture, sasitholakala njengoba igatsha Central Museum of the Revolution wase-USSR.

imiqondo emisha

Ukuphatha kanye nabasebenzi yesayensi Museum 70s ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili basungula umqondo omusha embukisweni. Khona-ke Ngazalwa iphrojekthi entsha kabusha zonke sichayeka. Kuncike ukuzilibazisa ngezigaba ezintathu yesimanje Museum eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngo-1987 wavula embukisweni kuqala. Ngo-1989, ngenxa izenzakalo zezombusazwe ezingalindelekile ezenzeka e-Russia, esigabeni esilandelayo ukuvulwa zimisiwe. Izinhlelo nemibukiso entsha Akasekho uhambisane namaqiniso isikhathi. Kwanqunywa ukuthuthukisa isici esisha ukuchayeka, ezemfundo kanye nemisebenzi yesayensi Museum.

ekuqambeni kabusha Museum

Ngo-1991, Ministry of Culture wase-USSR yokutholwa isinqumo ukuqanjwa kabusha Museum of the Revolution eMnyuziyamu Political Umlando yeRussia. Wanikwa isimo isimo. Parade of sovereignties ngo-90s athinteka kakhulu, futhi abasebenzi Museum. Ukuze silondoloze uzibuse, ukuze ingaziki, it has ukuba kube ezahlukene. Abasebenzi laqala ukuhlela imibukiso ezithakazelisayo, bamboza izenzakalo ezithakazelisayo, elalikade ayizange yamukelwe ukukhuluma. Manje Museum of Political Umlando Petersburg kunikeza setfulo okubonisa ukuphila kwezomnotho, ezombusazwe nezenhlalo yomphakathi Russian kusukela XIX leminyaka ukuba xxi.

ukuchayeka yesimanje

Ukuphela kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kwakuhluke kakhulu ezingacacile ngokomqondo wezombusazwe, manje ukuthi ukuphila kuhamba kahle, wafika evamile, Museum of Political Umlando Russia njalo wakhuthaza izivakashi nemibukiso ukwazi.

Esichasiselweni ihlanganisa izenzakalo zomlando ahlukahlukene, eziqala kwavukelwa we Decembrists kuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, iyalandisa wokubusa uCatherine II, izinguquko ka-Alexander II kanye noNgqongqoshe Witte, we ukugcotshwa ababusi Russian. Futhi, mayelana nomlando wezepolitiki Museum kuyinto iqoqo elisha futhi zanamuhla, ukudala "bawahlala". Ngaleso sikhathi, kwafika izinto kusukela e-Afghanistan, Abkhazia, Chechnya.

State Museum of Political Umlando Russia uhlukile, kuphela Petersburg, okutshengisa esibucayi ekukhuleni isimo isiRashiya, izenzakalo zokuphila yomphakathi, umsebenzi osopolitiki, amaqembu kanye neziphathimandla. iqoqo Museum liqukethe ziphephile engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezine ezihlukahlukene, izinto njalo olusha ngokuvumelana izinkinga zamanje kanye nemicimbi emphakathini. Omkhulu inzuzo nezithakazelo hambo nganoma Museum of History zingezokunikeza nabafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe yezindaba zemihla Amaphoyisa Political

Yegatsha Museum of History Political sise ekhoneni Prospect futhi Admiralty Gorokhovaya Street, 2. Vula nsuku zonke (ngaphandle ngoMgqibelo nangeSonto) kusuka 10 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ntambama. Incwadi izinkambo, sicela ushayele: 312-27-42.

Kukhona nokuchaza ukuthi lunikezelwe umlando amaphoyisa zezombusazwe Russian. Lesi sakhiwo Museum yake ephethwe yiHhovisi Petersburg Gradonachalstva. Kusukela 1875, lapho abangu-okuthiwa "The Secret Service" (UMnyango wezokuPhepha koMphakathi). Kamuva le ndawo yayikhona: Gendarme Administration, Metropolitan Police. Ngemva inguquko ka 1917, yingakho ngezinye edumile Cheka (Commission Kwamandla Ukulwisana ukuketula, esiphikisayo Abavukeli). Kuze 1932 Kukhona OGPU.

nokuchaza Museum

Esichasiselweni ibonisa ukusungulwa ehhovisi isikhulu samaphoyisa (ekupheleni XIX -. Ekuqaleni XX leminyaka). Kwasebenza ubuntu owaziwa: Sudeikin mbhoshongo Sekerinsky. Ngo-1917 wathatha izintambo baton edumile "Zheleznyy feliks" - usihlalo Cheka Dzerzhinsky. Phakathi kokuphenywa ehhovisi ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene wavakashelwa izibalo ezifana Trotters, Lenin, umholi Emelyanov, Verkhovsky, Kokovtsoff, Block, nabanye abaningi.

Museum of Political Umlando (izindaba amaphoyisa Yegatsha) e embukisweni wabo inikeza gallery ocebile ekumeni abaholi uphenyo yezombusazwe 1826 kuya 1917, imibhalo yokuqala, izithombe kanye Diaries eliphethe abaseshi, imibiko amasevisi imfihlo, ofakazi isithombe bese provocateurs, imibhalo kanye amapheshana izikhathi le "ukwesaba abomvu" izinhlamvu iziboshwa, nokuningi. Iqoqo is buhambisane izinto kusukela zomlando wama-KGB, FSB.

izinxushunxushu zezombangazwe eRussia eminyakeni 90 ukuvumele izinto eziningi ukubona ngendlela entsha. Ngokokuqala ngqá kulapha lapho enziwa emabhukwini omphakathi izithombe nezimpahla abasebenzi abavamile futhi abaphathi-KGB, le Cheka, FSB. Sekukonke - ziphephile engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Lapha ungabona imibiko isiqophi: ukulwa ne-CIA ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XX, ekulweni ukumelwa amavukelambuso FSB Chechen (Grozny).

Iziithombe-sikrini zohlelo

Museum of Political Umlando (Petersburg), ushiya akekho ngabandayo. Kanjani izivakashi eziningi, imicabango yabantu abaningi kangaka mayelana nemibukiso, amaqoqo. Othile ecabanga ukuthi Museum kungcono ukuba nginakekele abadala, izingane okungezona ezakho lapha. Labo othanda, uyakwazisa umlando, nje bemesaba lokho enikubonile nenikuzwile lapha. Abaningi ukushiya impendulo yabo, okwenza kube ukuveza imibono yabo futhi zidonse ukunaka kwanoma kulabo abangenzanga sasethempelini kule ndawo ezithakazelisayo.

Ngokwesibonelo, abanye ukuyibiza inhlanganisela incongruous. Indlela ukuchaza lokhu? Mansion elicwengisiswe prima ballerina yaphenduka isikhungo kwamaBolshevik, lapho kubusa amaSoviet wavulwa Museum of the Revolution.

Futhi ugcizelela iqiniso lokuthi lokhu Museum kayisiso sitha sokuthula izingane ezincane. Kuleli qophelo, kakhulu ukufunda, ukucabanga, zibonisa.

Abantu abaningi e ukubuyekeza kwabo abuye achaze ubuhle isakhiwo ngesitayela modernist, kanye kwakungekaNkulunkulu Kshesinskaia. Inxuluma kwakuhlezi amaBolshevik, lapho Lenin bakhuluma okuvela emphemeni. Izivakashi bathi? Esichasiselweni lunikezelwe nezikhathi ezahlukene zentuthuko yeRussia, ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa isikhathi Soviet. Ezinganeni kuzoba khona izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo. izinkambo ekhethekile thematic, nezinkulumo ngabo. School Fillipki ukhuluma izingane indlela ezazifundiswa Tsarist Russia. Amakilasi aphethwe egumbini lapho wezangaphakathi ivezwa esikoleni yasemakhaya. Ngempelasonto ukudlula yezandla workshop.

Futhi, izivakashi bathi kubalulekile ukuza Museum ukulalela amahlaya yesigaba sabasebenzi. Isithakazelo kukhona izinkinobho ehlukahlukene umsindo nokuzala izinkulumo zezombusazwe. Kuyoba ezithakazelisayo kunoma ubani oye wafunda nge isithakazelo indaba esikoleni Soviet.

Ikamelo zokugcina idonse ngokukhethekile. Liphindze lisitjele ngendlela isigwebo sokufa. Phezu kodonga iqukethe izingcaphuno Diaries zabantu wagwetshwa, izincwadi zabo izihlobo. Ubuhlungu, yithemba nje zilimaze umphefumulo. Izivakashi uphiwa ukwehlisa "izwi" zabo ebhokisini ingilazi noma ngokumelene isigwebo sokufa.