Imibukiso ye-diesel ihlelwe kanjani?

Njengoba wazi, injini yangaphakathi yomlilo idinga oksijini kanye nophethiloli endaweni ethile. Inqubo yokunikeza uphethiloli ihluke emotweni ye-petroli ne-diesel. Esikhathini esilandelayo, ama -jectject enza indima yomjovo. Izinjini ze-Diesel zinezinhlobo ezahlukene zezici zedatha. Esihlokweni samanje, sizobheka ukuthi yiziphi izijova, ukuthi ziyini izinhlobo nokuthi ziyabuyiselwa yini.

Isici

Ngakho-ke, ake siqale ngencazelo. Ama-injection ye-injini ye-diesel ayiyona ingxenye yesistimu yamandla, okuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwamafutha emgumbini wokushisa we-cylinder. Le ndlela ikhiqiza i-torch spray yenhlanganisela kumthamo onamandla kakhulu. Futhi ama-injection e-dizeli akhiqiza i-fuel dosing. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, isici singavula futhi sivale izinkulungwane ngezikhathi ngomzuzu.

Izinhlobo

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalezi zindlela:

• I-Electrohydraulic.
• I-piezoelectric.

Lezi zakhi zisebenza kanjani injini ye-dizeli? Ngezansi sizocabangela izici zomunye wabo.

I-Electrohydraulic

Lezi injini zama injini ye-dizeli zifakwe ezimotweni nge-Common-Rail injection. Idivayisi yale nqubo iqala ukuba khona kwezici ezinjalo:

• Lawula ikhamera.
• Ukuvuthwa nokunyakaza kwe-inlet.
• I-valenoid valve.

I-electrohydraulic diesel injection isebenza kanjani? I-algorithm yabo yesenzo isekelwe ekusetshenzisweni komshini wephethiloli ngesikhathi sokujola nokuphela kwayo. Ngakho-ke, esimeni sokuqala, i-valve yejectjector ivaliwe futhi ivuliwe amandla. Futhi inaliti ye-mechanism igxiliwe ngokuqinile esitokisini ngaphansi kwengcindezi yephethiloli. Kulesi sikhundla, uphethiloli awufakwe ku-cylinders. Injector ilawulwa kusuka e-electronics. I-unit ekhethekile yokulawula ikhiqiza isignali esithunyelwe ku- valve solenoid. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-nozzle yokukhipha i-injection injector ivuleka. I-Fuel igeleza kulo bese ingena emgqeni wokukhipha. I-throttle yokungena ibimbela ukulingana okusheshayo kwezincindezelo ekamelweni lokudla kanye nokulawula. Khona-ke inaliti iphakama ngokumelene nesihlalo bese uphethiloli ungena ekamelweni. Khona-ke, kusukela emandleni okucindezela, igaxa, futhi isifo sokusebenza senziwa. Isibhamu sibuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala. Khona-ke umjikelezo wesistimu uphindwa.

I-piezoelectric

Lawa mafayipi ane-design elicwengekileyo. Inzuzo enkulu yamajectject ye-piezoelectric ukuphendula kwabo ngokushesha. I-solenoid valve ye-mechanism isebenza izikhathi ezine ngokushesha kunama-analogs we-hydraulic. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukukhiqiza umjovo ophindwe kabili emjikelezweni owodwa. Isibhamu se-piezo sifakwe ohlelweni oluvamile lwe-Rail Rail yesizukulwane esisha. Ukulawulwa kwalesi simiso kusekelwe ekuguquleni ubude be-crystal piezoelectric ngaphansi komshini othile. Ukuklama kwamajectject we-piezoelectric kuhlanganisa:

• I-Pusher.
• Inaliti.
• Shintsha i-valve.
• I-Piezoelement.

Konke lokhu kuhlala esakhiweni esincane. Isimiso se-element sisekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi. Njengokwesikhashana esidlule, inaliti ihlezi esihlalweni ngenxa yomshoshaphansi wephethiloli. Kodwa ngokushesha lapho isignali ingena kulo mshini, ubude be-piezoelectric element buyanda. Lokhu kuvulwa i-valve yokushintsha. I-diesel fuel igxila emgqeni wokukhipha. Isidingo ngenxa yomsindo ophezulu, owenziwe engxenyeni engezansi, uvela. Ngale ndlela, uphethiloli ujova. Ukuncintisana, ukukhwabanisa nokukhishwa kwamazinga kuyafana. Kodwa inani le-diesel elijojowe lihloswe yi-pressure fuel ku-rail rail kanye nobude besenzo esakhiweni se-piezoelectric.

Ukulungiswa

Izakhi eziyinhloko ezihlulekayo:

• I-multiplier. Kuyinto eyinhloko yombukiso we "Bosch". Iqukethe induku nesihlalo. Isici sokugcina sigxuma futhi siphume. Futhi kukhishwe futhi kushicilelwe. Futhi uma isikhwama sibuyiselwa, ukulungiswa kwe-diesel injectors enenduku ephukile akunakwenzeka. Le ngxenye ayihambisani nokubuyiswa. Kulesi simo, i-multiplier kufanele ishintshwe.
• I-atomizer. Umkhiqizi "Bosch" unikezela isiqiniseko sokusebenza okungenazinkinga ngaphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu. Kodwa ezimweni zethu abahlengikazi be-nebulizer kakhulu kakhulu. Uqala ukugubha noma ukuthululela uphethiloli kwisilinda. Indlela yokuxazulula le nkinga? Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlanza i-diesel injectors nge-ultrasound kuyasiza (njengoba behlamba emafutheni ethu). Kodwa uma lokhu kusebenza akusizi, i-nebulizer iyashintsha entsha.

Ukulungiswa kwe-diesel injectors kungenzeka kungadingeki ngemoto yakho. Kwanele ukwenza ukulungiswa okulungile. Kodwa isheke sokuqala sama-diesel atomizers emishini ekhethekile iyenziwa. Okuyinhloko kokulungiswa kulula. Ihlanganisa ukubeka inkambo ye-valenoid valve nebhola. Ukulungiswa kushintshwe kusetshenziswa ama-washers alungisa. Kuye ngohlobo lombhobho, ukushaywa kwento yebhola kungaba kusuka ku-0.025 kuya kumamitha angu-0.07. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukushaya kwesiphakheji kusethiwe. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lezi zenzo zenziwa eziteshini ezikhethekile zesondlo. Ekhaya, akunakwenzeka ukwenza lo msebenzi.

Isiphetho

Isibhamu siyinto ebalulekile yimuphi imoto ye-diesel. Kusukela ekusebenzeni kwayo kuxhomeke emsebenzini wenjini yonke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxilonga ngesikhathi futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukulungisa i-diesel injectors. Noma kunjalo, ilungiselelo lale ndlela alivumeli ukukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi enjalo ngokuzimela.