Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi kanye izindlela eziyinhloko knowability

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi - isifundo esiphathelene inqubo ekuqongeleleni ulwazi olusha nendlela abantu Uyabubona osizungezile, futhi imbangela nemphumela ubudlelwano, esebenza kuwo. Akekho ongabaza ukuthi izizukulwane ngezizukulwane, sidlula phezu izizukulwane zethu umzimba elikhulayo ulwazi. Amaqiniso ezindala kwahambisana by ama-discovery amasha emikhakheni ehlukahlukene: isayensi, ubuciko, kanye empilweni yansuku zonke. Ngakho, ulwazi - kuba indlela ka social zokuxhumana kanye phambili.

Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, imiqondo eminingi esashiwo ososayensi ovelele futhi ebonakala ezingeguquleke, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, bonisa ukuguquguquka kwazo. Masikhumbule uhlelo geocentric wendawo yonke, okwakubekelwa ukulahlwa uCopernicus. Kule ndaba umbuzo yemvelo kuphakama: noma singaqiniseka ngokugcwele ukuthi ulwazi lwethu khona kuyiqiniso? Lo mbuzo kanye imizamo ukuphendula imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi. Philosophy (noma kunalokho, yayo ukuthi ufunda lolu daba, epistemology) uhlola izinqubo ezenzeka ukufezwa macrocosm futhi sekuba yinto enkulu.

Lokhu isayensi yokuzenzela, ngendlela efanayo njengoba ezinye izimboni, engena kubo mbeni, kuthatha okuthile kuzo futhi, esikhundleni salokho, kunikeza. Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi buyingozi kunalokho kanzima, umsebenzi cishe kungenakwenzeka: ukuqonda ubuchopho bomuntu, ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Lo msebenzi kancane like indaba Baron Mnnhauzenom, futhi ingafaniswa umzamo abadumile 'okuvusa ezibiza ngesiqu izinwele. " Ngakho-ke umbuzo ukuthi siyazi lutho mayelana nezwe kuyinto ezingeguquleke, njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi, zikhona ezintathu izimpendulo kungenzeka: ayemakhulu amathemba ababenawo, engenathemba futhi lajulile.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi nakanjani bebhekene nenkinga yethuba theory ukwazi iqiniso elimsulwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho kumelwe sizindle nenqubo ukuhlonza kanye ukusesha. Ingabe zikhona ngaso sonke, noma yonke imibono yethu ngakho ngaphezu kwanoma ubani isihlobo, okuguquguqukayo, akuphelele? Okuhle bayaqiniseka ukuthi ulwazi lwethu thina ungesabi. Hegel, ummeleli ovelele yokuthi lokhu sekwandile epistemology, wagomela ngokuthi ukuba nakanjani zenzeka phambi kwethu, ukusikhombisa ngengcebo yabo, ngibanike ukujabulela. Futhi kwentuthuko yesayensi, lokhu kuwubufakazi obucacile.

Lo mbono abaphikisa uNkulunkulu akaziwa. Baphika kungenzeka knowability bokuba khona, osho ukuthi siyaqonda izwe emhlabeni imizwa yabo. Ngakho, iziphetho engqondweni yethu nganoma yini - lena nje kuwukuqagela. Futhi lokho, iyini isimo kweqiniso wezasekhaya - imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi akazi, ngoba sonke singamalungu abathunjwa ngokuphelele izingqondo nezitho zethu, futhi izinto imihlola wasembulela yona kuphela ngesimo lapho izithombe zabo refracted ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu esiqonda ngayo ngokoqobo. waveza umqondo wokuthi uNkulunkulu akaziwa relativism epistemological ngokugcwele Iningi - isifundiso kokuhlukana eliphelele izenzakalo, izenzakalo ezingokoqobo nezikhona ngempela.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi sokungabaza iphindela tikuhlakanipha. Aristotle wasikisela ukuba labo abafisa ukwazi ngokucacile, engabaza kakhulu. Lokhu kuthambekela akaphiki ukuthi kungenzeka ekuqondeni izwe isimiso, umbono wokuthi uNkulunkulu akaziwa, kodwa izingcingo abaphathwa ngakho gullibly ukuba kutholakale kithina ulwazi, nezimfundiso futhi eqinisweni ezibonakala obungenakuphikwa. Indlela "yokuqinisekisa" noma "falsification" kungenzeka ukuba sihlukanise ukolweni emakhobeni, futhi ekugcineni, ukwazi iqiniso.