I-Emba ingumfula eKazakhstan. Incazelo, izici, isithombe

I-Emba ingumfula eKazakhstan. Ngenye yezinkulu kakhulu, kanye namanzi anjalo ageleza njengama-Urals, iSy Darya, Ishim, Ili, Irtysh noTobol. U-Emba uthatha ngesikhathi esifanayo izifunda ezimbili zaseKazakhstani: i-Aktyubinsk ne-Atyrau, nesiteshi sayo esihlukanisa izwe sibe izingxenye zase-Asia naseYurophu.

Incazelo emfushane

Ngokuphathelene nobude obuphakathi kwemifula yeplanethi, ubude be-Emba buncane: kuphela 712 km. Iqala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yezintaba zase-Ural, lapho igeleza khona i-Podulal Plateau kanye ne-Caspian lowland, ephethe izindawo ezinezolwandle olwandle. I-Emba River (bheka isithombe esithombeni) ibhekisela emgodini weLwandle lwaseCaspian. Kungena kule ndawo yamanzi ukuthi iyawa.

Kuyinto eqondile ukuma phakathi nenkathi yehlobo futhi ukuhlukanisa ezindaweni ezijulile ezihlukene, lapho izinhlanzi zitholakala khona ngobuningi. Ukuphuma okukhulu kwe-Emba kubonakala entwasahlobo. Yile nkathi ukuthi iningi kakhulu. Ukudla komfula kuyinto iqhwa. Amanzi aqukethe ukuhlushwa okuphawulekayo kwe-chloride ye-sodium futhi ngenxa yalokho i-mineralized kakhulu. I-Emba ingumfula onamahloni. Okuyinhloko yi-Aksax ne-Temir, ephindwa kaningi.

Izinsiza

Ezingxenyeni ezahlukene ze-Emba, izinsiza zemvelo ezibalulekile zikhishwa, njengegesi namafutha. Kunezindawo ezintathu ezihlukene: enyakatho, eningizimu nasempumalanga. Okokuqala, izingxenye zikawoyela zaseNorth Emba kanye ne-South Emba ziyingxenye eyodwa, kodwa kakade ngawo-1980, lesi sigaba sasihlukaniswe sibe yizindawo ezimbili ezingahlali zingashintshi kuze kube yilolu suku.

Izici zomhlaba

Ngokwezinye zezinguqulo, i-Emba ingumfula lapho kungenzeka khona ukudweba umngcele ongabonakali ohlukanisa i-Asia neYurophu. Nokho, ngokwemiphumela yokuqala yokuhamba komphakathi waseRussia kwacaca ukuthi ngokulandela umngcele phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zezwekazi, azikho izizathu ezanele zokugeleza kwawo. Isizathu salokhu yiqiniso lokuthi izintaba ze-Urals eningizimu yedolobha laseZlatoust ziwela ezingxenyeni eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ridge ikhula kancane kancane emathafeni, okungukuthi, indawo ephawulekayo yomngcele ilahlekile. I-Emba River ayihlanganyeli eYurophu nase-Asia, ngoba insimu ewela kuwo iyafana.

Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhambela okuvela eRussia kwafinyelela esiphethweni esilandelayo: Ithafa laseCaspian lavela lapho iLwandle laseCaspian lageza khona ugwadule futhi i- Ustyurt plateau enegama elifanayo ukusuka entshonalanga. Ngakho-ke, cishe, umngcele wezingxenye zaseYurophu nase-Asia kufanele ucatshangelwe le ndawo. Ngokuqondene nezindawo zemvelo, i-Emba itholakala ensimini ye-steppe ne-semi-desert.

Izici zomfula

Engxenyeni engenhla ye-Emba yamanje i-plateau ekhukhumezekile, eyonakaliswa kakhulu ukukhukhula. Ophansi utholakala emathafeni aseCaspian futhi unentaba engabonakali endaweni yolwandle. Cishe 20 km kusukela emlonyeni we-Emba yakha i-delta, enemikhono emithathu emikhulu, enegama elithi Kara-Uzyak, Kiyan naseKulok.

Ngenxa yokomiswa njalo kanye nomthombo ongaqineki wokubuyisela kabusha, kukhona ukuntuleka okukhulu kwemithombo yamanzi emfuleni. Kujulile entwasahlobo, kodwa ehlobo kuba yindawo eminingi yamanzi angenakufuduka. I-Emba - umfula, okwathi emva kwemvula ithola umbala okhethekile. Amanzi ayo abe udaka ngethunzi elimnyama.

I-Hydronym

Ngolimi lwesiKazakh, i-Emba inezinhlobo ezimbili zegama: Emby and Gem. Iyokuqala yamukelwa ngokomthetho. Ivela ngolimi lwesiTurkmen. Igugu lisetshenziselwa, ikakhulukazi, endaweni yangasese futhi lihunyushwe ngokuthi "ukwakheka". Kusuka egameni lomfula ubizwa ngegama likaNogai isizwe, owayehlala e-Emba. Kodwa-ke, kwakudingeka bahambe ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwamaKalmyks.

Umhlaba wezilwane

I-Emba ingumfula, umhlaba wezilwane okuncane kakhulu. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi ubumpofu obunjalo bubangelwa ukuthi ukugeleza kwamanzi cishe unyaka wonke kuyichibi elihlukile ngamanzi amile. Noma kunjalo, ukudoba kulo mfula kunokwenzeka ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo. Kungabamba i-pike, i-asp, i-chub, i-podust, i-carp, i-tench nezinye izinhlanzi.