Hans-Albert Einstein - izibulo Alberta Eynshteyna futhi Mileva Maric: Biography

Hans-Albert Einstein - iyindodana omunye izazi sesayensi yemvelo enkulu we nengxenye yokuqala yekhulu lamashumi amabili wesibili - Alberta Eynshteyna, eye yasishintsha isethulo yesayensi ye yonke.

uyise

U-Albert Einstein wazalwa ngo 15.03.1879, e emkhayeni wamaJuda, owayephila sikhathi edolobhaneni laseJalimane Ulm. Wakhe ubaba German inkampani anabanikazi, izinto imicamelo kanye omatilasi ngezimpaphe. Umama u-Albert eyindodakazi umdayisi abadumile edolobheni ummbila.

Kodwa ngo-1880 umkhaya Einstein wathuthela Munich. Lapha, uyise ka-Albert kanye nomfowabo uJakobe wavula inkampani encane ukuthi yezandla zikagesi. E Munich, udade Albert Maria wazalwa. Edolobheni elifanayo okokuqala umfana waya esikoleni. Izingane zakhe khona lamaKatolika. Ngokwe izinkumbulo usosayensi, eminyakeni 13, wasuka izinkolelo zenkolo wethulwa isayensi. Zonke okwakushiwo iBhayibheli, saphela ezibonakala zizinhle. Waqala ukuthatha simise umuntu skeptical konke, kuhlanganise emagunyeni.

I okuvelayo acacile kakhulu ebuntwaneni, lapho ukuphila wasala Alberta - nekhampasi kanye umsebenzi "Imisuka" Euclid sika.

Umama waphikelela ngokuthi ikusasa owathola uMklomelo KaNobel wafunda umculo. U-Albert waqala ukudlala i-violin futhi waba nesithakazelo kuwo. Ukomela umculo sahlala naye ekuphileni. Ngisho eminyakeni eyalandela, kuyilapho e-US, ngisho nososayensi wanikeza abathutha ekhonsathini owayevela eJalimane. Yena wayedlala ivayolini Mozart kwengoma.

Ngo-1894 umkhaya ka-Einstein ye wathuthela edolobheni elincane Pavia, eduze Milan. Lokhu yasuka eMunich ukukhiqizwa ayo.

Ngo-1895, usosayensi esizayo kufika eSwitzerland. Kuleli zwe, wafuna ukuya ekolishi ukuze abe umfundisi physics. Kodwa-Albert wayengakwazi ovivinyweni olubangelwa ku wezitshalo. Khona-ke wayeyisazi abasha baya ukufunda edolobheni Aarau esikoleni. Lapha waba nesithakazelo ekutadisheni ithiyori uMaxwell sika kagesi.

Indawo esilandelayo ukutadisha Ngokuzayo kaNobel kwaba Polytechnic eZurich. Elapho, watholana sezibalo Grossman. Iphinde wahlangana nenkosikazi yakhe esizayo - Mileva Maric.

Diploma Polytechnic-Albert Einstein wathola ngo-1900, kodwa waqhubeka ethola imisebenzi ensimini yabo futhi bahluleka. Ukuze bazigcine bephila futhi bondle imikhaya yabo, Ngokuzayo kaNobel wayebe isisebenzi ejensi patent. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, yena akazange adele ukulinga bahlanganyele izinkinga ngokwesayensi.

Ngo-1903, ubaba Albert washona. Ngawo lowo nyaka, wabhalisa ngokomthetho ubuhlobo bakhe Mileva Maric.

Ukufika uHitler ukuba amandla Alberta ephoqeleka ukuba ashiye izindlela eJalimane. Wathuthela Melika, lapho waba uprofesa e-Princeton University. Washona semvelo omkhulu ngo-1955 imbangela yokufa kwakhe baba useshonile yomthambo i-aorta.

unina

Mileva Maric - inkosikazi yokuqala Alberta Eynshteyna. Wayengumngane abangamaSerbia ngobuzwe, yazalwa ngo-Hungary. Kuyinto kuphela intombazane owayefunda e-Zurich Polytechnic School.

Mileva Maric wayemdala kunezingane iminyaka Alberta Eynshteyna emithathu nengxenye. Nokho, lokhu akuzange kuwumise uthando lwabo. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlangana abasha baqala ukuphila umshado civil. Ukuze abantu abaseduze kwabo komuntu umshado onjalo kwakubonakala kuxaka. Phela, u-Einstein azithola abasha kwahluka charm emangalisayo, isikhalazo futhi kalula zokuxhumana. Ngokuphambene, Mileva kwaba amabi. esiyisigqigqi wayo sibalo impango ngithukulule izinyonga, esadaleka ngemuva kokushaywa yisifo sofuba amathambo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, Mileva kwaba sezibalo abahlakaniphe kakhulu, waba intelligence ngokujulile. Ukuntuleka e uhlamvu wakhe uhloniphe ngokungadingekile emagunyeni ahlukahlukene ekugcineni bebambisana yakhe u-Albert.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abasha kokubili wayewuthanda umculo futhi ukudla okuhle. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi Mileva kwaba Omuny kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi u-Einstein azithola ngokungazi wafuna owayezonika bakwazi suka umthwalo wakhe kwezinkinga zasekhaya. Phela, ngokuvumelana izinkumbulo abangane, njengoba umfundi, Albert ayikwazanga ukugxila imisebenzi yasekhaya yansuku zonke. Mileva, ngokuphambene, wayeyindoda esisebenzayo kuka Einstein olufana unina.

Wedding Abazali Hans

ngomshado wabo yombango, Einstein akazange ukufihla. Siyazi ngaye futhi abazali bakhe. Kodwa abazange ukunikeza imvume yokwenza umshado yendodana yakhe. Umama Alberta Milev kubhekwe okunyanyekayo futhi ugly, futhi ubaba wafuna ukubona indodakazi yakhe intombazane angamaJuda kuphela.

Konke ukushintshwa ngemva German Eynshteyn ugulela ukufa. Ukusho goodbye kuya indodana yakhe, wenza abusise umshado wakhe. Futhi 06/01/1903, abasebancane baba nomfazi, zokuthola izincwadi ezingokomthetho nobuhlobo babo e Bern.

ingane yokuqala

Hans-Albert Einstein nimbone udadewabo. Wazalelwa ngo-1902, lapho abazali bami babekhona yini emshadweni yombango. Mntwana wesihlahla ungase bonakalise umsebenzi academic wayeyisazi abasha. Futhi ngakho, bokukhulelwa, Mileva waya abazali bakhe. Lapha e-Hungary, wabeletha indodakazi Lizerl. Ukuze ukuthi akekho owazi ngale ngane engumlanjwana, intombazane ngokushesha inikezwe ezintandaneni.

Mileva eyisibambiso neze ukubheka indodakazi yakhe futhi akazange ahlangane naye. Ngokwemibiko ethile, intombazane wasephila isikhashana. Njengoba usana, yena wenza isivumelwano imfiva obubomvu wafa lezivakashi. Indodakazi yakhe Einstein nimbone futhi ungalokothi ngitshele muntu ngayo.

indodana ubuhlakani

14.05.1904 wazalwa Hans -Albert Einstein. Biography umfana waqala e Bern. Esikhathini ezitaladini zalelo dolobha ukuthi yacabanga uyise uyaziqhenya, owafunda nje kokuzalwa kwendodana yakhe, zonke ukugijima esebanga Inkosikazi yakhe nomntwana.

Indodana yabo yokuqala ka-Einstein ye wayethandwa kakhulu ngabazali bakhe. Ngokusho abangane bakhe usosayensi omkhulu, avame ukubonakala Albert, ngubani yayiphethe ngesandla esisodwa abhala kanye nakuyo yonke amashidi ne umsebenzi, kanti eyesibili wazamazamisa pram nengane ingalali.

Isiphetho indodana yesibili

Ngo-1910, u-Einstein azithola wazalelwa emkhayeni lomunye umfana - Edward. Wayephethe ithalente omkhulu zomculo. Nokho, indodana usosayensi yesibili Kwakungeve kubuhlungu, futhi umuntu oneminyaka engu-20, ngemuva kokuxinwa ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, etshelwa ukuthi une-"ukusangana." Eduard Einstein sinye kwaba ngaphansi anakekele unina. Kodwa kamuva Mileva ubulale indodana yakhe esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo.

Alberta Eynshteyna, ngalesi sikhathi esehlukene nomkakhe, akuwamangazi isifo yendodana yakhe, okuyinto ngethando egade ababiza "Tetelo" noma "Tete". Iqiniso liwukuthi i-schizophrenia wahlupheka dade Mileva. Eduard Einstein futhi ngokuvamile ngaziphatha ngendlela ebonisa ngokucacile khona isifo, futhi naye. Nokho, umbono ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene banamathela owamazibulo usosayensi omkhulu. Hans-Albert Einstein wayekholelwa ukuthi Ukubhujiswa kokugcina umzalwane psyche sika kwakubangelwa ethandwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nokusetshenziswa electroshock.

U-Albert Einstein wathuthela e-United States ngemva konyaka, ngemva Anti kwakhe esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uxoxe namadodana akhe lwalulinganiselwe ukuba izincwadi. uyise Edward uthumele umlayezo kwaphela, kodwa ngobuqotho kakhulu. Komunye wayo, ngokwesibonelo, usosayensi kuqhathaniswa nabantu nge kolwandle, ngaphandle yokuthi kungaba kokubili babenobungane futhi basamukela, kanye eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zeziyaluyalu.

Ngemva kokufa kwakhe ngo-1948, umama wakhe Eduard Eynshteyn kwaba edolobheni eliseduze Zurich, lapho ayenakekela Dr. uHenry Miley. Uhlale Tete nomfundisi wendawo futhi waqala kancane kancane ukuze baxhumane nabantu Eduard ngisho ngabe sengiqala ukufundela umsebenzi ngokubhala amakheli ku ezimvilophini, ticondziso inkampani yasendaweni.

Nokho, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile umqaphi lesigceme liya umfelokazi ummeli, owayehlala emaphethelweni Zurich. Lokhu saba sibi kakhulu isimo sengqondo sika-Edward. Ngo-1954, usosayensi omkhulu wenqabile ukuxhumana indodana yakhe encane. Wachaza isinyathelo sakhe ukuqiniseka ngokuthi ukuxhumana kubuhlungu kokubili.

Ngo-1965, u-Edward wafa. Ngokusho ongomunye wabacwaningi, sabulala uthando ngomakhelwane, okuyinto owawuqondene naye umthwalo okungabekezeleleki.

kwabazali

Kusukela ngo-1912, phakathi Albert futhi Mileva ubuhlobo banda baba ngaphezu kuka onezinkinga. Isizathu salokho kwaba ugqozi usosayensi umzala wakhe Elzoy Levental. Ngo-1914, Maric wahamba izingane ku Zurich, etholakele umngane womshado isibopho kwasayinwa yesondlo yonyaka ngaso umndeni inani 5.600 Reichsmarks. Isehlukaniso olusemthethweni ambalwa ekhishwe 14/02/1919

Phakathi Einstein Maric benza isivumelwano. It enikeziwe ekudluliseni nowayengunkosikazi elindelwe imali ososayensi uMklomelo KaNobel. Izimali ukuthi ngabe bamukela u-Albert Einstein detidolzhny Kwakufanele ahambe ithemba lakhe. Maric kwaba kokuthola isithakazelo.

Life after abazali isehlukaniso

Ngo-June 1919 usosayensi wafika Zurich, lapho wazinika isikhathi sokuba nezingane zabo. INdodana Hans Alberta Eynshteyna ehamba noyise uhambo ngomkhumbi ku Lake Constance, kanye semvelo omkhulu Edward wavakashela Arosa, ebekubanjwe ukwelashwa kulesi sibhedlela umfana.

Mileva namadodana akhe ahlala ezimweni straitened kakhulu. Nokho, ngo-1922, ngemva kokuthola obeshade uMklomelo KaNobel, usezuze Zurich izindlu ezintathu. Ngo omunye wabo, Maric wayohlala namadodana akhe, futhi abanye ababili babekhona yokutshala imali isikhathi eside. Nokho, konke kwashintsha ngemva senziwa Eduardo uphethwe esabekayo. izindlu ezimbili Mileva kwadingeka adayise. Zonke izimali hamba ukuze ikhokhele izindleko sendodana yakhe e-University Hospital of Zurich. Ukuze hhayi ukulahlekelwa endlini enkulu, lona wesifazane idluliselwe amalungelo efeni lakhe ka umyeni wakhe wangaphambili, owenza izibopho zayo ukuze uthumele izimali wokugcinwa umndeni wangaphambili.

Umsebenzi owamazibulo usosayensi omkhulu

Hans-Albert Einstein wanquma ukulandela ezinyathelweni zabazali babo. Ngenxa yalesi wathola idiploma ye-Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, etholakala ku Zurich, ukuqeqeshwa lapho lathweswa iziqu ngo-1926 Phakathi neminyaka emine eyalandela wasebenza njengendlela umklami ku iphrojekthi lapho lisakhiwa ngo-Dortmund ibhuloho. Kakade ngo-1936, Hans Albert bavikela ocwaningeni yakhe zobudokotela, okuyinto samenzela degree.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Ngemva u-Albert Einstein, ababalekela usongo anti-lwamaSemite, washiya eJalimane, wacebisa ukwenza okufanayo, nendodana yakhe endala. Ngo-1938, Hans Albert Eynshteyn kwesokunxele Switzerland futhi zayiswa South Carolina, Greenville. Lapha wayesebenza njengoba unjiniyela wokubacindezela at US Department of Agriculture. yemisebenzi yakhe ihlanganisa ekutadisheni inzika. Umsebenzi uMnyango wawuqala ngo-1938 kuya 1943.

Kusukela ngo-1947, Hans-Albert Einstein - woprofesa-University of California at Berkeley hydraulics. Kodwa lokhu akuzange kuphele umsebenzi wakhe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ubengaphakathi efanayo inyuvesi Uprofesa zokuhlonipha.

Ukuba uchwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ensimini yakhe, Hans Albert uye wahambela emhlabeni wonke. Yena njalo waba nengxenye izingqungquthela wokubacindezela emazingeni ahlukene, ngisho nangemva 1971, lapho umhlalaphansi. Kwesinye sezimiso workshop e Woods Hole (Massachusetts), Hans Alber Eynshteyn kwaba ngo-1973, lapho ngo-July 26, wayesefa ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

udumisa

Ukuze umsebenzi wakhe emkhakheni hydraulics, emafektri izifundo, Hans Albert waklonyeliswa:

- Guggenheim Fellowship (1953);

- imiklomelo yesayensi we-American Society of Civil Engineers (1959 futhi 1960);

- Isitifiketi of Merit kusukela US Department of Agriculture (ngo-1971);

- umklomelo we-University of California (ngo-1971);

- isitifiketi kokubonwa iminyaka yesevisi abazinikezele lihle futhi-American Society of Mechanical Engineers (1972) engaphezu kuka-20.

ukuphila Siqu

Lapho abazali ahlukanise, ubudlelwano Gansa Alberta noyise banda baba ngaphezu kuka onezinkinga. INdodana asolwa usosayensi omkhulu alibeke Milev esimweni esinzima kakhulu sezimali, wasinikeza ukusetshenziswa amaphesenti uMklomelo KaNobel of.

Umehluko phakathi ubaba nendodana baba nakakhulu ngemva usosayensi omkhulu eyakhuluma ngokumelene emshadweni Hans Fred Knecht. Wayengumngane umfana omdala iminyaka emithathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvumelana Einstein, Sr., yayingafani nhlobo kuhle ngakho. Usosayensi uqalekisiwe komuntu umshado onjalo, isola Frida e nokukhohlisa ukushushiswa ngenxa yendodana yakhe. Emva kwemizamo akuphumelelanga ukuba embroil abasebasha u-Albert Einstein ngabacela ukuba babe nabantwana, ukuze singathwesi izinkinga, ngokombono wakhe, isehlukaniso ngenakugwemeka.

Ukubuyisana phakathi ubaba nendodana asikafiki, ngisho esikhathini sokuphila kwabo e-US. Baye ngaphandle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngemva kokufa usosayensi omkhulu indodana yakhe njengefa cishe lutho kwesokunxele.

Naphezu ukuxabana noyise ngo-1927 ngesikhathi UFrieda Knecht namanje washada Hans-Albert Einstein. ukuphila Siqu kwathi ngempumelelo. Nale owesifazane wayengumuntu ndawonye kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1958 Umfelokazi, washada futhi. u-Elisabethe umkakhe baba Roboz.

Ngezinye Hans uFrieda nginezingane ezintathu bebodwa. Nokho, kuphela neyodwa kuzo eyasinda phakathi ebudaleni. Bernhard kuKhesari Einstein (10/07/1930 idolobha - 30.09.2008) kwaba ngama-engineer-physics. Kwaba indodakazi kuhlala khona lezi zithandani yokutholwa no-Evelyn. Washona ngo-2011 ngaphansi kwezimo zobumpofu obukhulu.

Hans Albert itilosi bakukhonzile. Ngokuvamile nozakwethu nomkhaya wakhe, waqhubeka nohambo e-San Francisco. indodana Silithande isithombe usosayensi elikhulu. izinkulumo zabo yesayensi azifunda futhi wadala ngokusebenzisa izandla eyabo slideshow. Njengengubo nje uyise, Hans wayewuthanda umculo futhi ayikwazanga ukudlala umtshingo upiyano. Lokhu kushiwo ethuneni lakhe kubhalwe ukuthi bakhe.