Ground floor: kuyini. Okwakushiwo nomlando

Ngokusho iningi nayizimfundamakhwela ongenalwazi, izihlalo ezingcono kunezinye ehholo yamabhayisikobho ise nezitebele zamahhashi. Empeleni, konke kuncike ukuthi yini ebangele fan art yaseshashalazini namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uthole izindawo kuyabiza ukuthenga amathikithi neobyazatelno emhlabathini. Kuyini futhi kungani iyathandwa manje, kuyokusiza ukuqonda indaba. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emakamelweni nasemidlalweni yeshashalazi ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu futhi, ngokufanelekile, inani zigaba, lezi zindawo zihlala for izilaleli.

Parterre. Kuyini lokhu?

Kuyinto ingxenye ihholo yemidlalo, lapho indawo izihlalo ukuze izilaleli iqala kusukela esigabeni (noma emgodini-orchestra) futhi iphela odongeni obuhlukile noma yemidlalo (uma ikhona). Ngokwesiko nezitebele zamahhashi elise ngezansi ezingeni isigaba ka elilodwa futhi ibanga elifanayo ngenhla ezingeni emgodini weqembu lomculo wezinsimbi. Njengoba sekushiwo, abantu abaningi abasontayo bakholelwa ukuthi imigqa yokuqala ye-orchestra - kungcono izindawo ezibizayo futhi ezinhle. Eqinisweni, lena akuyona ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi amathikithi eqolo babe ebhokisini. Futhi lula yezindawo zokuqala kungukuthi njalo walungisiswa phansi. Uma isibukeli bazolalela ekhonsathini classical, akungenxa ngokuningiliziwe ukubona konke okwenzekayo enkundleni. Enye into - ukusebenza. Beka ayephambili nezitebele zamahhashi sizonikeza umbukeli umuzwa ukuhileleka isenzo iqhubeka enkundleni.

Prototype kwe-orchestra yesimanje

Umqondo indawo izilaleli ngesisekelo-orchestra yesimanje ubonakele eRoma yasendulo. Ukuthi kwakukhona amabhentshi ngokuba senators, ngubani atholiwe ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini.

NgeNkathi Ephakathi yaseshashalazini, njengoba wazi, ke wawuvinjelwe, ngakho amathiyetha bezakhiwe izakhiwo ezintsha. Into kuphela ungabala izilaleli - kuba kwi ukubukwa isonto ezazidlalwa ngaphakathi amathempeli. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izilaleli nakakhulu ngakho kusukela banikeza isethulo kuvulandi ngekhulu le-12. Isiteji endaweni ngokwayo yayiyinde kakhulu, kanye nababukeli angase esemgwaqweni ke.

Ekhulwini le-16, ukubeka zokuziphatha izimfihlakalo baphoqeleka ukuba bathuthe phandle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukwethulwa kwamanye ngakho ufaka. izakhamuzi acebile nethuba ukubukela isethulo amafasitela kanye balcony yezindlu, okuyinto atholiwe emgwaqeni efanayo. izakhamuzi Uyahlupheka Futhi ekilasini abantu aphansi kwadingeka ukuba bathole indawo emhlabeni. Cishe, yingakho izwi weqembu lomculo wezinsimbi. Nge-French "Terre par" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "phansi."

Ukuzalwa kabusha ubuciko wokwakha izindlu

Amahholo futhi waqala ukwakha e-Italy kuphela ekuseni Renaissance. Ngo ukuthuthukiswa amaphrojekthi zabo ufunyenwe begodu endaweni emhlabathini. Icebo ukwakhiwa babecabanga ukuthi izihlalo eduze esigabeni kuzothatha abantu balelo kilasi aphansi. Ngakho-ke, asinikeli isihlalo nezitebele zamahhashi.

Kusukela ngekhulu le-17 eNgilandi kwaqala ukuvela ne izihlalo nezitebele zamahhashi. Nokho, bakwazi ukusizakala kuphela abantu abazalwa yizicukuthwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi amasayithi akuhlali phakade. Armchairs Wakhutshwa futhi bahlanza uma kunesidingo.

Isihlalo lokuqala umile uvele nezitebele zamahhashi yamabhayisikobho eBoston. Lo mbono walethwa ngodilikajele wezakhiwo K. Lida emva French Revolution owanikhipha imibono yeningi kubantu abavamile. Balingane kwaba uya ezibukelini ababuka umbukiso phansi, babe Izinsiza efanayo njengoba abantu esiphawulekayo ebhokisini.

Amahholo eRussia. Kusho ukuthini nezitebele zamahhashi ngesikhathi Pushkin sika?

Empeleni leli hholo Russian ekhulwini le-18 futhi zazingekho izindawo ezibizayo esikhathini nezitebele zamahhashi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlalo ngokwabo babembalwa - imigqa emibili kuphela. Ukuze ukusizakala ngazo, kwakudingeka kwenziwe amanye kwesikhathi babhalise. It babethola izikhulu ngokuyisisekelo esinesithunzi. Parterre ngokuthi isikhala esingenalutho, okwakubekelwa ebiyelwe nyá izihlalo intambo.

Izihlalo e nezitebele zamahhashi babemi ezishibhile, futhi babethola abantu zokudala. Kwakumelwe abaculi, izimbongi, abafundi ababezimisele ulinde amahora ambalwa lokuzithoba. Iqiniso lokuthi umbukiso, okuyinto yayidumile, ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane izibukeli bahlangana nezitebele zamahhashi. Kuyini, netiyetha fan yesimanje Kunzima ukucabanga, eqinisweni, ukuthatha indawo ukhululekile, intsha ukuza amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokuba ukusebenza. izindawo Yalutho kuphela base phansi, ababengaphesheya kuvulandi.

ERussia, kanye e-Europe, izethameli matasa indawo owawuhambelana kubo by isimo.

Modern phasi. Amazwana nemibono lababukeli

Isimo ishintshile kancane esikhathini sethu. ithandwa enkulu phakathi yaseshashalazini abalandeli namanje wajabulela nezitebele zamahhashi. Kuyini yaseshashalazini zanamuhla?

Ukubekwa ku parallel phansi kuya okuvimbelayo orchestra. Ukuze kube lula wanezela, izethameli zihlukaniswa by zokuhamba eziholela ophumayo kwaleli hholo. ukubonakala Better inikezwa ngokwandisa ezingeni phansi yochungechunge lokuqala kuze kube sekugcineni. Ngokusho iningi lababukeli, okungcono phansi kukhona endaweni emaphakathi lomugqa lwesikhombisa. Zinikeza Uhlolojikelele ecacile ukusebenza kanye umsindo engcono, okuvumela ukuthatha umbono ephelele ngaphezulu.