Favela Brazilian - indlela ethile yokuphila ezigidi zabantu

"Favela" - igama elihle kancane like igama Villas ukunethezeka, umsindo zawo ezithambile, Nokho, akusho imvelo evumelana nombono wazo. Noma ubani kancane nesithakazelo izindaba ngamazwe, uyazi ukuthi Melika - ezimbili zezwe. Kukhona ocebile-United States naseCanada, kodwa kusekude phambili, omunye, Latin America, lapho bukhoma ezinomsindo abampofu yimithetho yabo neziqondiso, lapho ubumpofu coexists nge okunethezeka garish, futhi icala konke lokhu "zomkhosi" kwezicebi izidakamizwa futhi izingalo wabenza. Favela - indawo ongenamthetho okuhlushwa (kusukela umbono iziphathimandla) nezindawo ezikhethekile, okuzoxoxwa ngayo kulesi sihloko.

nendlu eyakhiwe ngamakhadi okudlala

Ekuqaleni okuthiwa izakhiwo favelas, okuyinto kwakhiwa abantu abampofu abahlala emaphethelweni amadolobha. Izindlu ezakhiwe into enyantisayo kungekho ezakhiweni, izinhlelo, futhi uzuze ngokwengeziwe kwezimvume wayengekho. ngokushesha emadolobheni, okwakuwuphawu eziphendula kwetimboni Latin emnothweni waseMelika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, asigcinanga endaweni omakhelwane amahle wabaphakamisa nge izindlu ezifanayo nasemigwaqweni ububanzi, futhi izakhiwo elibi, naleplennye komunye nomunye.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke - kuyinto favela Brazilian, eziningi futhi colorful kakhulu, abazi ukumela izakhiwo ehlukile, futhi waba isihloko yonke izifunda, inani enihlala ezinye zazo ezingaphezu kuka-abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane eziyikhulu.

Indlela Ukwakhiwa ilula futhi kudinga ukuthi umklami kwenza uhlaka aphansi metal izinduku emhlabeni azungezwe yendlu esizayo (noma phansi, ngoba manje favela ayibi ngobubanzi futhi ukuphakama). Isinyathelo phakathi kwemilenze - 2-3 amamitha, futhi isikhala selibekiwe mezhbalkovoe isitini eziyize. imiklamo Okufanayo zintekenteke nezingathembekile, nababhula ngezinkanyezi yokuthi izindlu zikhula, liyanezela esintengayo nakakhulu. Ezinye izakhiwo kakade aqukethe 4-5 phansi, phezulu ngayinye angase kancane ebanzi kwalowo odlule, ngenxa izindlu lopsided zifane imibhoshongo okuhlanekezelwe.

Umnikazi ethengisa ophahleni phansi phezulu umnikazi omusha, owenza emakhaya abo uma bebona kunesidingo siqu kanye amathuba. Favela - yokukhosela isikhathi esiningi emthethweni, ukhuluma ngani yikuphi ukuxhumana emakhaya ngale ndlela engokwesiko uba kungenzeka eminyakeni yamuva nje baye baqala ukwenza gezi netinhlelo tekuhambisa indle eziyisisekelo.

iziphanzi ocebile

Ezakhamuzi zokuqala ezahlala imijondolo babe izigaba eziningana zabantu: abakhileyo abasezindaweni zasemakhaya bephoqeleka ukuba bathuthele emadolobheni beyofuna bagcinelwe kangcono, abazithola ezansi ngenxa ukungakwazi uhola, nezigqila nombaleki.

Ukudalelwa wawuthi favelas Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Recife nakwamanye amadolobha Brazilian baye abe litheku izinkulungwane, izigidi zabantu kuleli zwe. Ngokwezibalo, okwamanje uhlala khona njalo Brazilian yesihlanu. Idatha esemthethweni siwathathe kancane kakhulu labantu base-favelas. Into wukuthi ukulawula izinga lokuzalwa futhi izinga lokufa kule mikhakha nje namathemba angenaso isisekelo esizwakalayo: emthethweni zokuhlala lapho yokuthula kungengeyobubi eduze lenqwaba zabantu, ngokuphelele ukufihla izimfihlo zabo.

Uzokwenza kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ezinye favelas - ingasaphathwa uhlezi elinenhlese emphakathini, kodwa omakhelwane ngempela ezikulungele ukuhlala kuzona lapho iziphathimandla bakwazile ukuqeda izinxushunxushu nokungalungi.

nezinxushunxushu esisemthethweni

Favelas bahlale ezindaweni inkulu, okusho akunakwenzeka ukuba indiva. Kunezizathu eziningana. Okokuqala, kukhona uhlala omningi lemimoya wezwe. Isikhathi esining impela, lezi zindawo abahlangene bezidakamizwa kanye ezigebengu, abanye iqiniso kule. Kodwa eqinisweni, abashushumbisi ezinkulu izidakamizwa ababaningi ngakho kuzixazulule Element iyunithi ukuthi usolwa gazinga encane.

Okwesibili, favelas Brazilian cha perceive iziphathimandla wezwe. izakhamuzi zakhona zisetshenziselwa ukuziphilela wodwa. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi phakathi imithetho esingashiwongo lezi zindawo kukhona ezifana onqabela zokuxhumana kanye nalabamele amaphoyisa.

EBrazil, kukhona indlela ekhethekile ekutholweni izakhamuzi ukuqinisekisa basonta solvency nokwethembeka ekilasini. Ngenxa yale njongo hhayi kuphela imibhalo ukuhlonza (iphasipoti, ilayisense yokushayela), kodwa futhi irisidi ukukhokhwa invoice. Bangabaholi isiqinisekiso sokuthi umuntu kuboshelwe endaweni ethile lokuhlala, nokwenza iminikelo isabelomali. Kungenjalo, isakhamuzi yezwe kunzima ukuthola usizo isimo, ngisho ukwelashwa elula esibhedlela kungaba inkinga.

appeasement

Eyingozi ezindaweni ocebile inhlokodolobha kanye nezivakashi, le favelas laseRio de Janeiro ukuze kancane abe nokuthula ngokwengeziwe. Edolobheni lapho kukhona abacela enkulungwaneni (ngokusho kombiko ezihlukahlukene, kusukela 750 kuya 1200). Ngamunye wabo angazamukela inombolo ehlukile kwabantu, ezinkulu are labo labantu lidlula izinkulungwane zabantu 5. Ukuhlela inqubo, neziphathimandla baye banquma ukuba afeze endaweni okubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo favelas zemikhaya evelele ukuze kushwelezwe labantu kanye demilitarization.

Izwe akuvunyelwe ukuba izikhali. Ngokomthetho, abangakwenza amaphoyisa kuphela siqu futhi empini yize kuyisibopho ukuhweba ngezikhali buyadlondlobala, uthole eRio bengayi kuphela izibhamu, kodwa futhi "lokubolekwa" eyingozi. Phakathi libhubhisa amabutho ezikhethekile phakathi iziphathimandla kanye bendawo bavele impi ashisayo, bese la maqembu amabili alwayo zilimale abalulekile.

Nokho, ngenxa izindlela nokhahlo kangaka yokulwa nobugebengu emijondolo yase-Brazil yekani ukuba izikhala ungoverned lapho esabe ukuhamba ebusuku. Ngaphezu ingajezisa amandla imisebenzi njengoba ithuba ukuhlela impilo ejwayelekile abakhileyo favelas. Kube olwenziwe ugesi emikhulu, esikhundleni emiseleni, okuyinto sokukhipha indle, a yesimanje amanzi supply system futhi isuswe.

Ayikho ezingabalulekile kangako Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abantu babe kwezempilo kufinyeleleke, imfundo kanye ezokuthutha zomphakathi. Ukuhlinzeka zonke izinzuzo abakhileyo favelas akunakwenzeka okwamanje: izakhiwo nokuma ezitaladini nje ungashiyi kungekho ithuba ngalokhu, kodwa izinhlelo zikahulumeni zenzelwe hhayi unyaka owodwa, futhi umsebenzi ube muhle imijondolo uhambe njalo.

Ameni

Naphezu kwemizamo iziphathimandla ukunqanda sengqondo abakhileyo omakhelwane obungebuhle, ekuphileni kuleli favelas namanje ngaphansi kokulawula bezidakamizwa kanye kungaphansi kwemithetho yabo. Ukuze bathi lokhu kubi, awukwazi: "amakhosi" lendawo bagomela izisekelo zayo, ngokungasilaleli ngokuqinile ajezise mthetho. Ububi le ndlela zokuzibusa wukuthi favela ngamunye - lolu hlobo njengoba republic ehlukile, izwe kuleli zwe, futhi lokho ongakwazi ukukwenza izakhamuzi esifundeni esifanayo, kwenye uzibophezele angajeziswa ebonakalayo.

Phakathi favela yayo abanakuseba, ukubulala, ukudlwengula ngisho tuneyadstvovat. Izinhlawulo for ukwephula kukhona inonya: ungalahlekelwa nemilenze, kube zishe zangqongqa noma abadingisiwe. Abaphathi ningasindisi ngisho izingane nentsha. wobushiqela okunjalo uyaneliswa bendawo, ngoba kusobala ukuthi ubanika okungenani ezinye isiqinisekiso ukuthula.

Ingabe ikhona esizayo?

Kuzokwenzekani nge-Brazilian abahlala emijondolo esikhathini esizayo alucacile. Ukufisa amunca favelas impucuko khona, kodwa le nqubo sincane kakhulu. Inkohlakalo, ubushiqela, isiphithiphithi disorder ungavumeli iziphathimandla ngokushesha ukufeza amacebo abo. Ngaphandle Brazil, njengamanye amazwe e-Latin America, awukwazi ukufinyelela ezingeni qualitatively entsha umnotho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wenza kuphakame omunye umbuzo enengqondo: Ingabe uzimisele abahlala emijondolo ngokwabo aphume izithunzi yokweqa umthetho futhi bukhoma ku imithetho jikelele neziqondiso?