Etshekile Basil, Yuri Zhukov, Dmitry Shemyaka: emzabalazweni kanye nezikhulu Basil II

Esikhathini ikota kwekhulu xv eRussia yesibili Kwagqashuka internecine (noma, ngamagama Soviet, izinduna) impi phakathi eMoscow Prince Vasily II, umalume wakhe nabazala. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu izimfanelo of a crisis ezinkulu zezombangazwe dynastic: zivela ngalesikhathi umzabalazo phakathi oda ezimbili ngokulandelana, ukungaqiniseki itestamente Dmitry Donskoy Grand Duchy of Vladimir futhi, ekugcineni, impi siqu kwamaqembu alwayo.

Ingxabano phezu ngokulandelana lwaluqala iminyaka wokubusa Vasily Dmitrievich, owesaba indodana Dmitriya Donskogo. Khona-ke umfowabo Konstantin Dmitrievich umbusi ababephikisana Duchy grand Vladimir waya indodana yakhe. Nokho, lo mbusi wakwazi ukunqoba ukumelana umfowabo bese udlulisa sobukhosi kuze Vasily II.

Ukuqala ukuxabana

impi izinduna yathatha u-Adalberto isikhathi eside - kusukela 1425 kuya 1453. Kwaba yokuthomba iyisikhathi sezinxushunxushu ezinkulu hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa Grand Duchy of eMoscow, kodwa nezalo Northern emazweni Russian ngokuvamile. Isizathu le nhlekelele kwaba ukuhumusha kuyadida Article eTestamente ka Dmitry Donskoy phezu ngokulandelana okwakufanele abe inkosi.

INdodana umbusi, Vasily, ezifayo, wanika sobukhosi kuze indlalifa yakhe endala Basil II. Nokho, umfowabo, Yuriy Dmitrievich Galitsky, noma Zvenigorod, ebhekisela intando kayise, isibe yesimangalo okwakufanele abe inkosi. Kodwa okokuqala wenza kuthula e 1425 kanye nomshana wakhe osemusha, Nokho, akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside.

umbusi Galician badlulisela icala zidlamlilo eminyakeni embalwa. Basil II futhi Yuri Dmitrievich waya Khan, ngubani, kulandela ukungaboni ngaso linye eside wanika Grand Duchy of eMoscow isikhulu, ogama umalume lalingasamukeli lesi sinqumo Wangena ngxabano okukhululekile umshana wakhe.

Isigaba sokuqala sale mpi

Umfutho ekuqaleni ukushayisana kungamanyala wakhonza ngesikhathi wedding Vasily at Bohr Princess Maria Yaroslavna. KwaRubhen amazibulo Yuri Dmitrievich, Basil etshekile (isidlaliso Prince wathola emva aphuphuthekise v1436 ngonyaka), wafika emcimbini ibhande, lapho lalibhekwa njengento okuqondene Dmitriya Donskogo. Umama Basil II waklebhula esidlangalaleni kuye kwalo mniningwane obalulekile walesi imvunulo, okwaholela ikhefu nge isikhulu eMoscow.

Basil etshekile futhi Dmitry Shemyaka (owayeneminyaka engumfowabo yokugcina) wabalekela kuyise, yena balwa umshana wakhe. Kugcine, babaleka, kwaba Yuri Galitsky e 1434 wathatha inhlokodolobha, kodwa ngokushesha wafa ngonyaka wamashumi efanayo.

Eyesibili inkathi ukuxabana

Ngemva kokufa kukayise, Prince uVasili Diagon Uzame axazulule eMoscow, kodwa akazange ayisekele nendlela abafowethu, Dmitry Shemyaka futhi Dmitry Krasny. Bobabili wangena isivumelwano Basil II, owabuyela dolobha wathatha Grand Buffet.

Vasily Kosoy aqhubeka ehlupheka. Waqala ukulwa umzala wakhe. Wakwazi futhi acele ukwesekwa of the North, lapho wathola amasosha ngokwabo. Nokho, egqilazwe Basil II, yena waba Wathumba futhi waphuphuthekisa e 1436. Yingakho wethiwa Squint, ngaphansi kwazo, wehlela e umlando Russia ephakathi.

Isigaba sesithathu we impi: ngxabano of Basil II futhi Dmitry Shemyaka

Basil Diagon waba impumputhe, futhi zaba zimbi ubudlelwane phakathi Vasily Vasilyevich futhi Dmitriem Yurevichem sawohloka. Isimo nzima yokuthi iNkosi eMoscow wahlulwa empini ne Kazan AmaTatar futhi sathathwa eyisiboshwa 1445. Wasebenzisa ophikisana naye futhi wathatha eMoscow. Nokho, Basil II wakhokha isihlengo esikhulu ngokushesha wabuyela ubukhulu bakhe, futhi Dmitry Shemyaka wadingiselwa kusukela enhlokodolobha.

Nokho, wakwamukela ukunqotshwa ihlelwe ukuthunjwa umzala wakhe. Basil II waba impumputhe, ubelokhu elika Dark. Yena wadingiselwa ngowokuqala Vologda ke e Uglich. Imbangi yakhe waba ngumbusi emuva e Moscow, kodwa labantu ubukhulu ayisaxhunyanisiwe waqonda kuye, athela esisemthethweni.

Isikhathi wesine yezimpi zombango: ukunqotshwa Dmitry Shemyaka

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, Basil II, sibambe ukusekela komphakathi kwesokunxele endaweni sokuboshwa kwakhe futhi wenza umfelandawonye iSikhulu Tver Borisom Aleksandrovichem ku umzabalazo ngokuhlanganyela ekulweni nesitha ezivamile. Imizamo ahlangene oMfelandawonye izuzwe ekudingisweni yesibili Prince Dmitry eMoscow ngo 1447.

Ngakho, Basil II won ekunqobeni kokugcina, kodwa umphikisi wakhe isikhashana Uzame dethrone kuye. Ngo-1453 Dmitry Yuryevich washona ngo Novgorod, lolu suku kubhekwa ekupheleni kwempi izinduna eRussia.

Inani yezimpi zombango emlandweni zombusazwe Grand Duchy of eMoscow xv ekhulwini

Inkinga Dynastic kwaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude ukwamukelwa isimiso esisha ngokulandelana. Iqiniso lokuthi iRussia yayibuswa ukulandelana wokubusa okukhulu isikhathi eside phezu sideline, okusho ifa lidlule endala uhlobo lwe. Kodwa kancane kancane, kusukela ekhulwini XIV, kusukela wokubusa Ivan Danilovich, esihlalweni sobukhosi njalo ezicela ukuba eyizibulo owedlule Grand Duke.

Babusi ngokwabo ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ngentando njalo lidlule Grand Duchy of Vladimir namadodana akhe. Kodwa ngokomthetho lesi simiso esisha engakaze simboziwe. Nokho, kuze kube ikota kwekhulu xv yesibili, umbuzo ngokulandelana zingavuki ngakho ngokucijile, ngemva kokufa Dmitry Donskoy e 1389. Basil II ukunqoba ekugcineni evunyiwe oda ngokulandelana in the umugqa oqondile abadabuka - kusuka ubaba endodaneni.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ababusi laseMoscow ngimiswe ngokomthetho ukuze angene esikhundleni sakhe emadodaneni. Kuye eyenzelwe umthetho omusha dynastic of ngokulandelana sobukhosi, ngokuyisisekelo owawungumnyaka yokuthi kusukela manje kuqhubeke sovereigns e ethanda yabo ngokwabo esimisiwe abazolandela zabo, futhi izinqumo zabo ayikwazanga inselele ngesisekelo umthetho zamaKhosi.