The Battle of kwaseStalingrad. Abahlanganyeli impi: uhlu umlando ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Ngemva kokunqotshwa amabutho amaNazi eduze isinyathelo laseMoscow lwamasu ngokugcwele sidluliselwe iRed Army. Nokho, ngo-1942, ilindele ukuthi le mpi iyonqotshwa, iSoviet High Command wakhipha umyalelo lo offensive kuzo zonke izimpi. Ngaphandle ukulungiselelwa ngokucophelela futhi replenishment izinqolobane uye waholela inombolo yokunqotshwa sina zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ekuqaleni 1942. inzuzo Military lulahlekile. La maqembu babelungiselela izimpi ezintsha. Enye impi ewumnqamula-juqu, yiMpi kwaseStalingrad. Abahlanganyeli impi, kube khona, walibiza ngokuthi "esihogweni emhlabeni".

Ukubaluleka amasu ka kwaseStalingrad

Izazi-mlando eziningi ovulekile Western sasimathintanyawo mayelana bevikela umuzi. Babekholelwa ukuthi ezivikela lihlotshaniswa igama umholi ophakeme eSoviet Union futhi izifiso of the bomashiqela ezimbili, omunye wabo bafuna ukuthatha edolobheni elibizwa ngegama umholi we isitha, kanti isixuku esikhulu buyisa phezulu bonke amandla abakwazanga ukuyivimbela. Kodwa Battle of kwaseStalingrad, izinkumbulo wabahlanganyeli nakho ukulahlwa lolu lwazi kwakubaluleke kakhulu amasu. Le ndaba ibaluleke ukuthi emandleni amabutho amabutho seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili akazange ukudlala noma yimuphi indima ngaphandle izinqolobane kawoyela Amasimu. Izwe kuphela ukuthi uHitler kwaba Romania. Kodwa imithombo yayo ngokucacile akwanele. Germany uye wazama ukuthatha Egypt namafutha-ocebile Middle East. Army Iqembu "Afrika", okwakubekelwa iphethwe Rommel edume sidalwe le njongo. Isibalo kwaba Yiqiniso, encane, kodwa ufana amabutho kwezinhloko zamaviyo British, abangakuvumelanga amaJalimane kulawo masimu. izazi zokuma komhlaba isiNtaliyane, ngenhlanhla ngezwe lethu kanye umlando wamafutha Libya ayitholakalanga. Mhlawumbe indaba obekungaba simo ezahlukene, kodwa, njengoba sazi, alinaso kwemizwelo subjunctive. Ngakho, isinqumo kuphela efanele umyalo German kwaba kokushiya eMoscow futhi ukuthunjwa kwaseStalingrad, okuyinto wayivula kanjani indlela eya eCaucasus ngamasimu yayo ocebile uwoyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqagqana ebalulekile kwezokuthutha Umthambo ngoba eSoviet Union. ESiberia, ngalesi sikhathi amafutha ingakamiswa ekhishwe, ngakho ukulahlekelwa eCaucasus disarmed ngokugcwele ibutho lethu. Ngakho-ke, kwakukhona enye yezimpi zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho emlandweni wesintu - Battle of kwaseStalingrad. Abahlanganyeli impi kukhona kahle ukubaluleka zithuthukisa. Ngakho, ukuzidela futhi ubuqhawe we amasosha aseSoviet.

Ngobusuku obandulela impi

Ukuthuthukisa uhlelo nempi ihlobo noma ekwindla ka-1942, Supreme Headquarters kanye State Defense iKomiti awazange united. Marshal Shaposhnikov waphikelela azivikele amasu, sadlula ezinye izingxenye phambili kuya okuhlaselayo. izinqolobane Key kumele bagxila kule isiqondiso emaphakathi ukuze bakwazi kalula kabusha endaweni wayefisa phambi ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi nojantshi. Loluhlelo yayisekelwe akaphakeme ezokuthutha wase-USSR. Inethiwekhi ujantshi ku izindawo ezazilawulwa amaJalimane Njalo sibhekana ukuketula. Kwakungekho kungenzeka ushintsho abukhali bebheke umthelela zamasu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasosha amaNazi akazange abe phambi yesibili futhi bakwazi ukugxila empumalanga zonke izinqolobane etholakalayo.

Nenhlekelele ngo-1942

Marshal S. K. Timoshenko bakhomba isidingo isiteleka preemptive eNingizimu-Western futhi Izimpi Southern. Ngesikhathi benomhlangano nezithunywa Stalin, kwanqunywa ukuhlasela kule ndawo eningizimu laseKharkov kanye eCrimea.

Kodwa ukuhlaselwa Soviet aziphumelelanga, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-German Army 11 ngoMeyi umkhankaso counteroffensive phezu Kerch isiqondiso futhi ngokoqobo kwakulimaze phambi YaseCrimea. Amabutho asele asuswa kule nhlonhlo. It akuphumelelanga kanye kuhlasela okwenzeke endaweni laseKharkov. Ababili phambi ezinkulu e ekupheleni May sebephila futhi sisonqenqemeni kuchazwa ukubhujiswa ngokuphelele. izindiza German wabusa ngokuphelele emoyeni. Isimo kuleli zwe sawohloka kakhulu.

Umgomo oyinhloko - eCaucasus

Kwacaca ukuthi amabutho Wehrmacht luzokwakha impumelelo futhi ifohle iye ngasenkosini eCaucasus kuya uwoyela ngokusebenzisa kwaseStalingrad. Eyakhishwa inombolo umyalelo 41, okhombisa isidingo baxoshwe eSoviet Union eziningi kwezomnotho ezindaweni zezolimo e-Ukraine futhi izifunda amafutha eCaucasus.

Ngo-June, amabutho asele ka nezimpi ezimbili waqala ashona ukuze kuvinjelwe ezisongela imvelo nasekubhujisweni. Manje zombili belungiselela eziwumnqamula-juqu eCaucasus futhi kwaseStalingrad. Ngaleso sikhathi Supreme Bet ekhishwe uchungechunge bamisa ukulunga ngokubikezela izinto ezididayo nezingathembekile esijulile okuxoxwe-mlando eziningi. Oda № 227 "Akukho nelilodwa isinyathelo emuva" kanye isimemezelo ku ukusungulwa Battalion lokujeziswa. Uzokwenza kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi yokugcina esase sikhona kakade ibutho lamaJalimane, enza kahle empini. Ngakho uma ngicabanga ekudaleni kungokwalabo Stalin, njengoba kwathiwa mlando eziningi zaseNtshonalanga.

amaphutha wezindlela

ubuholi isiJalimane, injabulo nempumelelo eningizimu, wenza miscalculation zamasu. The main yesiteleka amandla amaNazi waphonsa eCaucasus and kwaseStalingrad labelwa eyodwa 6 kuphela ibutho Jikelele von Pawulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli qembu ezifuywa ukushaqeka Tank Brigade futhi aphonswe eCaucasus. AmaJalimane akazange alindele ukubona emva izimpi yimpumelelo kule ndawo baphikisana kakhulu Russian. Kodwa ukubala Verkhovna Amathenda - ukugxila izinqolobane eside ukuze bakwazi ngokushesha uthumele isiqondiso oyifunayo - kwakufaneleka ngokugcwele. The Battle of kwaseStalingrad waqala. Abahlanganyeli empini novalo sikhumbula ke kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe. Asikhumbule esiyikho.

Abahlanganyeli Battle of kwaseStalingrad. uhlu izinhlamvu

Sikhishwe kobukhulu kanye nesikhathi operation lempi, amabutho eziningana ayesenengxenye kulo, ithangi futhi emoyeni division. Yiqiniso, ngeke ukwazi enumerate esihlokweni iDemo lalabo abambona ngamehlo abo umbukwane esibi okuthiwa Impi kwaseStalingrad. Abahlanganyeli impi ngeke kukhohlakale ezisenkumbulweni izizukulwane. Simelela ezimbalwa namaqhawe bawa we grinder kuphela. Siyojabula uma bonke abantwana uzobona izihlobo zabo adumile:

Agarkov uPawulu Dem'yanovich;

Vorobev Mihail Dmitrievich;

Kolesnichenko Andrey Aleksandrovich;

Smyslov Aleksey Maksimovich.

Lezi kanye nezinye abahlanganyeli e Battle of kwaseStalingrad, efile noma ephila uyohlale namaqhawe ezweni lethu.

"Ngalé iVolga akukho umhlaba ngathi"

Agasti 23, 1942 amaJalimane ngentukuthelo wajikijela amabhomu edolobheni. Basishaya zonke izibhamu. Isikhungo ezinamandla zezimboni lingamanxiwa. Dvuhsotdnevnaya waqala bevikela umuzi. AmaJalimane waqaphela miscalculation yakhe waphonsela azowalekelela Paulus amandla nanini entsha. Kodwa kwase kwephuzile. izinduna kweSoviet futhi amasosha abavamile wafunga ngalolo noma yini ukuze ivikele lo muzi. Winning impi kwakusho ekunqobeni yonke Second neMpi Yezwe. Yiqiniso, kuze kube sekupheleni kwakuseyimpi esiningi, balahlekelwa ukuphila, ukuphumelela elikhulu futhi linqoba ecasulayo. Kodwa kokunqotshwa amabutho ezinkulu German ilapha ukuze ahlinzeke ngokwengqondo yenguquko lonke umkhankaso. Kuyinto akukho ngozi-US nabezombusazwe British ngisho ekhishwe izindondo esiyisikhumbuzo kanye nezitifiketi, wanikezela kulo mcimbi.

Heroes Iyokhunjulwa phakade

Usizi Battle of kwaseStalingrad kwaba lonke abantu baseSoviet. Amagama abahlanganyeli, sethula kulesi sihloko. Ragusa Sergei Alexandrovich, wazalwa ngo-1922. Ngo kwaseStalingrad ngaba umkhuzi we Leli qembu nodaka. Yena waklonyeliswa Stalin mathupha ngemvume ukubonga "Ukuze isibindi siqu nesibindI." Leli qembu lakhe wayeka ithangi ukuhlaselwa enamandla. Umkhuzi yena wayebhekene omunye wabo ubuso nobuso, kodwa waqhubeka ikhanda lakhe futhi wagquma ambalwa Molotov Cocktails. Ethangini yamila emlilweni. Kulesi ukuhlasela, ngifakwe eqenjini lamasosha Raguzova wabhubhisa 4 umshini esindayo, kweshumi-Marine eziningana. Ubude iphutha amathangi-10. Enye ukulahlekelwa etholwe emva ukubaleka.

Tula Ivan Antipovich

ukufa Fell amaqhawe enesibindi amaqembu amaningi Battle of kwaseStalingrad. ISoviet Union, abantu neRussia zanamuhla ubani oye siyikhohlwe namaqhawe alo. Ngifuna ukhumbule Tulyakova Ivan Antipovich - umlobeli othile impi owabulawa lapho bewela iVolga. Ngo inothi yakhe yakamuva Ivan Antipovich wabhala: "Kungcono ukuba umfazi, umama, ingane iqhawe efile kuka owasinda igwala." Futhi ngakho sacabanga zonke abavikeli komuzi.

Churanov Viktor vasilevich

abahlanganyeli Ingane ka kwaseStalingrad impi ukhunjulwa elinye iqhawe kulezi zinsuku - Churanova Victor Vasilievich. Ilungu le-Defense of eMoscow, Ulwela kwaseStalingrad, ukuthunjwa Warsaw waklonyeliswa izindondo ezimbili "Ukuze Isibindi". Njengoba ethangini umshayeli-umakhenikha, yena budedengu eshayela imoto lapho eya isitha zingawuhawukeli izimpilo. iqembu lakhe wadubula phansi izindiza eziningana German eduze eMoscow kwaseStalingrad. Phakathi kwalabo abasinda ezimbalwa ezinsukwini abesabekayo yempi kusukela ngowokuqala ngosuku lokugcina.

Shelyvanov Vasiliy Andreevich

Ibhethri ngokumelene Vasily amaJalimane waphonsa imishini 18. Abavikeli, okubonisa ubuqhawe wahlangana amaFascist enamandla ezingontuluntulu, kwashona izimoto 4, abanye abambalwa beshaywa, kodwa ahlehla. AmaJalimane besingalindele ukumelana ezinjalo, ahlehla.

Nansi ingxenye yohlu izinhlamvu okusesihlokweni esithi. Ngeshwa, izisulu kuleli mpi esabekayo miningi. Sizokwenza ungakhohlwa amagama abo.