ESiberia: mbukwane. Izikhangibavakashi eSiberia

ESiberia ihlanganisa cishe ingxenye yesithathu endaweni ingqikithi eRussia futhi kusukela Urals ezintabeni ogwini elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, kusukela e-Arctic Ocean emaqeleni Kazakhstan futhi Mongolia. Le ndawo ocebile amaminerali, izilwane zasendle eziyigugu namandla amasheya emifuleni. It wathumela iziboshwa kanye labathunjwa. Namuhla, thina zanakekelwa a eSiberia ezahlukene kakhulu. Izikhangibavakashi kuwufanele ukuze uwabone.

amaqiniso

Le ndawo yeSiberia imayelana million 10 amakhilomitha square. Enyakatho esifundeni emathafeni, lingenamuntu futhi engapheli. Ezindaweni ezimaphakathi matasa izwe ehlathini abadumile ocebile uboya, inhlanzi, aklaba utshani, nabanye abaningi.

Study and incazelo eningiliziwe yalezi zindawo lwaqala ngokushesha ngemva kokujoyina i-Empire Russian. A indima enkulu kakhulu ekuletheni ukulungiswa amabalazwe kanye atlases bezwe laseSiberia wenza Amalotha Ulyanovich Remezov. Yena namadodana akhe, abalandeli banyathelisa izincwadi eziningana amabalazwe nemidwebo zalezi zindawo. Umsebenzi we-abacwaningi baye bathola ulwazi mayelana labantu kanye nemvelo.

Altai ubhekwa yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu kule planethi. Ngo nezintaba zivela nemifula emikhulu: the OB, Irtysh futhi Yenisei. Ngo-Altai kunezinkulungwane amachibi asezintabeni.

Umlando ihlehlela emuva ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule, e-Altai, futhi ubufakazi balokhu zitholakala yonke indawo: izindunduma zenhlabathi itshe, imibhalo yasendulo nge, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu eyenziwe ngetshe. Yeqhwa ekupheleni kwezinsuku zokugcina izinsalela ekhulwini yowesifazane zatholakala zishonile iminyaka 2.400 edlule. Imvelo kanye landscape yalesi sifunda cishe angathintwanga impucuko. Lapha uzothola emfuleni ecacile, izinguzunga zeqhwa ehlanzekile ehlathini - acwebile. Kunezindawo ezinjalo yeSiberia, okungekho muntu okuye kwenzeka ngaphambili.

Belukha yilona eliphezulu ukuwedlula wonke e-Altai esifundeni, ukuphakama kwayo kuyinto 4506 amamitha. Eceleni kwakhe kukhona zokungcebeleka of Belokurikha futhi Teletskoe echibini kufakwe inani lezinto eziyingxenye yefa lesizwe. Belokurikha amanzi ephulukisa bayaziwa kuwo wonke izwe izakhiwo kwaso ngokuyisimangaliso. Centre yeSiberia - Novosibirsk yilona onqenqemeni.

Tunguska meteorite

Wandizisa angaphakanyiswa phezu kwendawo yakwa-Eastern eSiberia wawa endaweni ka-June 30, 1908. Lokhu mkhuba embulungeni yonke. Ososayensi baye baqoqa eziningi amaqiniso mayelana lokhu mkhuba futhi abeke phambili imibono eyayisinesikhathi eziningana. Nokho, imfihlakalo yalokhu kungabi umcimbi futhi uselokhu ezingaxazululeki.

Famous for izimfihlakalo abaningi eSiberia. Izikhangibavakashi nazi ekhethekile. Ezinye zazo usethe uhlobo ngaphandle kokuqondiswa umuntu.

echibini iBaikal

Kuyinto ichibi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, ukuba lungafinyeleleki ngamanye amavolumu nomthombo wamanzi aqabulayo. Kuyinto ukuziqhenya yezwe, iwuphawu izikhala yaso engapheli nobuhle bemvelo. endaweni yayo ifaniswe endaweni nezwe elincane - Belgium.

Ngisho nabantu bakwamanye amazwe ezishiwo uhlu izindawo eziyingqayizivele ezweni lethu. Lake ecosystem ukuze ⅔ siqukethe zilwane sendawo. Leli chibi likhona UNESCO uhlu.

Novosibirsk Zoo

He kubhekwa omunye zoo esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia. Kukhona iphile mayelana 11 000 nezilwane ngamanye ezingaphezu kuka-700, kodwa ngowesikhombisa ingxenye okuyinto eNcwadini Red. Zoo esungulwe endaweni ethile ehlathini futhi ingqikithi yendawo amahektheli angu-60. Animal Park liqhubeka: waqala umsebenzi wokwakha ukwakhiwa kwalesi dolphinarium futhi pingvinariya. Umuzi lapho itholakala, uphakathi nendawo eSiberia.

Umsuka walo kumele wafuna ngo-1933, lapho agrobiostation idolobha elincane laqala kancane kancane ukuze sandise. Irbis (eyaziwa ngokuthi Snow Leopard) liwuphawu kule ndawo. Lena isilwane ongoweGceke ikati umndeni, ngomusa kakhulu. Kakade kamuva kwaba uphawu Ligation elingelakwaJuda kuya umkhaya ka mustelids. abasebenzi Zoo bakwazi ihlanganise kuwo lenqwaba izilwane kusukela lezi imindeni. Amadolobha amaningi eSiberia - ekhethekile. Njengoba ubona, zihlukaniswa Novosibirsk Zoo.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe "saseTomsk pisanitsa"

"SaseTomsk pisanitsa" Nature Reserve yasungulwa ngo 1988. Ubizwa nge nemibukiso eminingi bezijabulisa phakathi okuyinto eyaziwa:

• ihlathi aphathelene nezinganekwane lwamaSlav.
• Rock art sase-Asiya.
• Chapel of Saints uCyril noMethodius.
• Arheodrom inkundla nemingcwabo.
• Ama-yurt-Mongolian.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke futhi ethandwa liyindlu engcwele lasendulo "saseTomsk pisanitsa". Ngemuva leli gama amanga union yamadwala eziningana isendaweni ibhange kwesokudla lomfula Tom. impumelelo Yaba nkulu Ukutholakala kwalezi emangalisayo rocks nemidwebo wadala ayizinkulungwane eziningana eminyakeni ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu. Mystery ayilokothi iyeke mangaza eSiberia. Izinto Krai uthakazelisa futhi abangele izinkulungwane imibuzo.

amahlathi Pine tape

It windbreaks, ukufinyelela amakhilomitha amaningana ububanzi futhi zitholakala osebeni lomfula emfuleni. Iningi labo eningizimu yesifunda. Zikhula hhayi njengesixuku nje umsebenzi wabo ukuvikela umhlabathi weathering kanye iziphepho zesihlabathi eRiphabhlikhi Kazakhstan.

Nokho laba amahlathi kudala evumayo kubantu nasezilwaneni microclimate. Amagama kwamahlathi kaphayini ngokuvamile evela emifuleni lapho ukuthi akuphi. Isitha esikhulu yemigoqo ethile eminyangweni kahulumeni zikaphayini amahlathi manje ushisa amahlathi. Ukuvikelwa Ihlathi akakwazi abenzele Isivikelo sokumelana nalolu songo.

Bhuka "Wezinsika"

It iseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Eastern Sayan. It has abangaba yikhulu outcrops asalile yamadwala, okuyinto safinyelela amamitha 600. Bazalwa ngenxa yomsebenzi omningi wezintaba-mlilo. iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-450 edlule, magma ashisayo, okwenza indlela emhlabathini, kwaphoqa inqwaba limestone kanye sandstone. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imvula umoya wabhubhisa edwaleni elithambile. Ngakho phansi khona nalawa izinsika omkhulu, ehlanganisa edwaleni eliqinileko.

Insika ngayinye waqanjwa igama elithi igama lakhe siqu. Lawa masayithi ziye kwakuqala ukwanda phakathi abalandeli clamber phezu kwamatshe nabasekeli uyahlanganyela ngokwesimo.

Fortress eLake Tere-Khol

Tere-Khol - echibini angenasawoti endaweni nokongiwa Ubsunursky eziyize, kukhona eyodwa. Ingabe echibini ezintabeni, kude kolwandle - mayelana 1300 amamitha. Phakathi kwechibi kukhona siqhingi inqaba.

Izinsalela izakhiwo kungabonwa kuze kube yilolu suku. Zazakhiwe phakathi kwekhulu XVIII. izindonga yangaphandle ukuthi afinyelele 10 metres ubude, walivikela ngokuqinile enqabeni enkulu phakathi nendawo. Umklamo lokhu lesikhumbuzo kuyinto kubenzima futhi exakayo, yakhiwa izakhiwo eziningi. Ukuze uthole esigodlweni manje kungenzeka ukuba awele ibhuloho phezu kwezingodo ngilulekela cishe isigamu sekhilomitha. izici ezinjalo eSiberia impikiswano phakathi ososayensi.

Sayano-Shushenskaya emifula power plant

Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke amandla sitshalo Russian Federation futhi lesikhombisa emhlabeni. It has edamini eziphakeme kakhulu kuleli zwe. Ukwakhiwa sikhungo waqala ngo-1963 futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-15 (kusukela ngomhla ka ngonyaka) kuye kakade yimpumelelo abantu 1700 wasebenza. Isiteshi edamini has a ukuphakama 245 metres, futhi ubude - 1074 amamitha.

Hydroelectric amandla plant eyakhelwe Yenisei eduze Sayanogorsk. Ngemva kwaleyo ngozi ngo-2009, esiteshini libuyiselwe ngokuphelele. edolobheni laseSiberia umxhwele amandla ayo, ngoba kukhona ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile Russian.

lesikhumbuzo Slippers

Isikhumbuzo zethusi latholakala 2006 e saseTomsk. A isinyathelo encane nge Slippers tridtsatisantimetrovymi omi Kirov Avenue eduze inombolo yendlu 65. lesikhumbuzo itholakala eceleni kwehhotela lethu "saseTomsk", njengoba iwuphawu induduzo nenjabulo. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa umbhalo isinyathelo: ". Zizwe usekhaya" Lawa izikhumbuzo eSiberia ukuqoqa izivakashi eziningi ezivela emhlabeni wonke.

A inqaba yangempela yabonakala lapha ngo-1800. imisebenzi Ukwakhiwa izinyathelo zokwenza umyalo uPetru mina futhi yathatha iminyaka engu-20. Fortress matasa 2.5 hectare umhlaba futhi kwakudingekile ukuvikela eningizimu yeSiberia usongo kusuka China.

Okuqondiwe Military inqaba wakhonza eside. Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwekhulu esifanayo, ilahlekelwe simo sayo njengemholi into ezazibalulekile empini, kanti ngo-1846 ngaphandle ngesikhathi uhlu ukufaka lempi. Abangaphezu kwesigamu kwekhulu, inqaba lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela ejele. Ngo-1919, lachithwa futhi ngishiswa amaqembu alezi zishoshovu. Manje kukhona Museum itholakala eSiberia.

izakhiwo Ngokhuni saseTomsk

Kulomuzi kukhona izakhiwo emangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele isikhungo esingokomlando. SaseTomsk yasungulwa ngo-1604. Maphakathi ungabona izindlu eziningi lokhuni elakhiwa ngo XVIII-XIX eminyaka.

Ingxenye komlando isakhiwo edolobheni ithatha kuka 1,000 esingamahektare, zitholakala kule ndawo mayelana 1800 izakhiwo. Nesishiyagalombili wabo babhekwa njengabantu lesikhumbuzo ebaluleke sikahulumeni. Zonke izakhiwo banezidingo zabo isitayela eliyingqayizivele futhi izixazululo ezithakazelisayo yezakhiwo. Ubuciko bokwakha lokhuni edonsela iso nge esiphelweni saso ocebile.

Qiniseka ukuvakashela eSiberia. Izimpawu zokubekisa zase kuwo wonke amadolobha. Bona zahlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo. Abaningi babo eyingqayizivele ngezinhlobo zazo, nazo lezinto avikelwe ngumthetho.