Empress Eugenia yeFrance, umka-Napoleon III: Biography

Unkosikazi ka-Napoleon III Eugenia de Montijo - iNdlovukazi lokugcina France. Yena wayegqoke isihloko e 1853 - 1871 iminyaka. futhi sonke lesi sikhathi khona sibalo ezibalulekile sezombusazwe kuleliya lizwe kanye wokuziphilisa. Ngemva kokugumbuqelwa umyeni ahlukile asaphila iminyaka engu-50 esekudingisweni.

umsuka

Eugene esizayo Empress waseFrance wazalwa Meyi 5, 1826 ku Granada Spanish. Umndeni wakhe ahlukile kwadingeka umsuka ezahlukene kazwelonke. Wayebona ngokuzethemba elilingana azibiza waseFrance, indoda yaseSpain futhi Scottish. Uyise Cipriano Palafox kwadingeka isihloko Ukubala of Montijo. Mother Mary Kirkpatrick - noblewoman Spanish. umndeni yezinjinga wayegcwele ukuphikisana njengefa kusukela esikhathini esidlule kuze kube namuhla. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho kuqala impi Franco-Spanish Montijo Earl wenza isinqumo esinzima, futhi asekelwe Napoleon.

Ngokusho isikhundla salo Evgeniya Palafoks ngaqeqeshelwa elite. Ukuze isifundo ke uthuthwa eParis. E-Fulansi, yena baziwa kakhulu ngokuba Eugenia de Montijo, nakuba bonke okusemthethweni ukuthi isihloko kwakungekaNkulunkulu udadewabo omdala.

Ubuhlobo Napoleon III

Umkakhe Eugenia lokuqala elalihlangana 1849, lapho Napoleon 3 wayengekho Napoleon 3, wabusa France njengoba umengameli. Man ngimazi ukukhanya eliphakeme, ngakho akumangalisi ukuthi ithole isimemo ibhola zendabuko, okwenza sasibanjelwe Elysee Palace.

Ngo 1853, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte futhi Eugene kuhlanganiswe izibopho komshado. Umshado kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva wokugcotshwa Umbusi omusha we-French. Januwari 29 lidlule emkhosini wokuziphilisa ngesikhathi Tuileries, futhi Januwari 30 kulandele emkhosini lebandleni Notre-Dame.

Umbuzo dynastic

Noma yimuphi umuntu oshade naye ngeke wakhetha Napoleon 3, yena waba umbusi, wathumela ukuphila kwakhe kwangasese phezu kwelathi umphakathi. I monarchies athathwa imishado okucabangela imiphumela yesikhathi eside dynastic, esangenza ukuphetha kanye nokuqinisa ubudlelwano ahlangene ne uthi angomakhelwane.

Napoleon III wenza isiphakamiso ngesikhathi yakhe ayithandayo namanje umengameli, kodwa iNdlovukazi ikusasa France Eugenia ahlinzekwa ukulinda nge isinqumo ngokubhuduzela. Manje Bonaparte kwaba uMbusi, kanye nemiphumela umshado babé sibi nakakhulu kangakanani izwe lonke uma kuqhathaniswa ne lomshado uma uhlale ehhovisi kobuholi.

Phezulu imibuthano kahulumeni isinqumo nkosi senziwa eziphikisa. aristocrats Abaningi nezikhonzi kubhekwe umshado wangaphambili yaseSpain sizokwenza isinqumo esingalungile ngenxa yokuthi Paris eSpain ezibukelwa phansi. Ezinye wathatha umshado ezifana Ukuthotshiswa isimo. unkosikazi sikaNapoleon yena neze bacabange kanjalo. Masinyane lo dade wavula ngakujwayela isikhundla sayo esiphakeme futhi enesibopho futhi izimfanelo zakhe ngenakugwemeka.

Jabulela iNdlovukazi

Ekhulwini XIX, Paris ayebhekwa inhlokodolobha European nokuphila emphakathini kanye fashion. Lapha kwakungamadodana zikanokusho kakhulu futhi eqolo amabhola nemibukiso. French Empress Eugenie ayikwazanga zivumelana indlela yokuphila kwayo bizela idolobha elikhulu. Umsolwa uvele njalo salon imfashini Princess Pauline von Metternich. Siyabonga kulesi sikhungo Paris ukusakaza fashion ukubhema besifazane futhi zokubhukuda by Charles Worth kanye umculo Richard Wagner. It bahlangana ovelele kakhulu edolobheni ahlukile.

Empress Eugenia yeFrance futhi bagxilisa izikhonzi zakhe ezinye imikhuba. Futhi yena nomyeni wakhe eseneminyaka inkanuko uyakuthanda ukushushuluza. Etshalwayo ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele ngezinye izikhathi kumnandi ngokushesha wahlasela uquqaba.

Okunye (kakade enkantolo) ukuzijabulisa Eugenia kwaba wakhe ayezenza for izithombe abaculi ezahlukene. eziningi Ilondolozwe ekumeni of iNdlovukazi. Ngesinye imodeli siboniswa Palace SaseVersailles, ngakolunye yokuphumula emaphandleni, ku izinsalela lwesithathu sizungezwe neencekukazi zakhe udumo. Izintandokazi portrait umdwebi Eugene kwaba isiJalimane, Franz Winterhalter. Lo mculi wamukelwa elihlukile Empress.

inqubomgomo nomthelela

Naphezu kokuphila kwakhe kunalokho lutho, iNdlovukazi lokugcina France akazange azikhohlwe ngesikhundla sakhe monarchical. Njengoba okuningi njengoba yena wayesiza nomyeni wakhe e-ekwenteni imisebenti yakhe. Lapho Napoleon Elikhulu balifulathela lelo zwe ngenkathi phesheya, umfazi wasala eFrance futhi empeleni lo ibamba.

Imibono kanye nezinqumo Eugene kakhulu kuthonywa ukholo lwakhe umKatolika ozinikele. unkosikazi sikaNapoleon kwaba umsekeli umsekeli oqinile ultramontanism. Lokhu inhlangano yenkolo wakhuthaza ubukhulu namandla uPapa phezu wonke amasonto kazwelonke lamaKatolika. Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela kwaba mva futhi ngokuvamile wagxeka ku France inkululeko abathanda.

Iqiniso ukuthi Countess Montijo akukaze ezifihlakele ukuzinikela kwakhe okujulile enkolweni yobuKatolika, kalula alichaza igazi layo-Spanish. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka sikaNapoleon wayenamandla Risorgimento isiNtaliyane, lapho uthi eziningi kuleli zwe elihlukene babehlanganiswe umbuso owodwa. In parallel nalokhu inqubo kwaba inqubo ukunciphisa kapapa kanye uPapa jikelele. Eugene wabalisa njalo ngakho.

Ngo-1869, iNdlovukazi baya eGibithe, waba nengxenye kuvulwa Suez Canal (eFrance zaba 53% wamasheya project). Ngaphezu uhambo oluya ezweni elikude, Eugene yayaziwa ukulwela amalungelo akhe kanye namalungelo abesifazane. Kwaba esona kwaphoqa eMnyango Wezemfundo yeFrance, futhi ke mantombazane ayezenzela ilungelo lokuthola iziqu ze-bachelor. A ububanzi resonance zomphakathi okubangelwa komzamo ukukholisa ngomfazi Napoleon Academy of Sciences wenza Umbhali odumile Zhorzh Sand wakhe ilungu lokuqala abesifazane.

Ezinye izixazululo Eugenia wabhekana ukugxekwa okwandile. Umphakathi sola wakhe eFrance vvyazyvanii eMpini Mexican. imibuso yaseYurophu ubufuna ukudala phakathi eLatin America, lapho sebebuswa inkosi entsha. UMbusikazi uye wasekela lo mbono futhi njalonje umyeni wakhe. Ngemva iziyalo lomkakhe Napoleon III wanquma ukuba bahlasele eMexico. Impi yaphela ngo-a fiasco.

sebethule

lwaphuka wokubusa Napoleon III ngo-1870 ngenxa kokunqotshwa empini nge Prussia. Kwatholakala ukuthi u-Eugene ibenesandla ukubhujiswa umbuso esisanda kubuyiselwa. impikiswano loluhlelekile phakathi eFrance nase Prussia senzeka ngesizathu bengabonanga ngaso linye mayelana indlalifa esizayo yesihlalo sobukhosi yaseSpain. Isiphetho iNdlovukazi zwe, akungabazeki, khona izmhiaka. Mhlawumbe kwakungenxa ukungavumelani wakhe kanye nesikhundla yasePrussia yagcotshwa juqu ngomyeni wakhe.

Ngandlela-thile, kodwa kuqala impi. Izizathu bekuyicala ijule ngokungaphezulu kuka impikiswano mayelana sobukhosi yaseSpain. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni yefilakisi ukungqubuzana ayeyobe esakhulekela kulelo ezibomvana, kulapho ukuthi zombili ngabe sibhebhetheka kakhulu. Kodwa umlando akazi kwemizwa subjunctive, futhi amaqiniso bekungakabhekwana ohlangothini France. Napoleon ehola ibutho, futhi nalo lahluleka kwasani ku Battle juqu laseSedan.

Eugene ngaleso sikhathi ngiseParis. Nge Ukuhamba umyeni wakhe waqokwa ibamba yeFrance. Manje Napoleon wakhandleka kukho kusukela ukugqama ekuthunjweni, futhi inhloko-dolobha lakhula kwemizwelo antimonarchist. UMbusi wagudluzwa ngokushesha. Ngemva nenqubo esemthethweni Septhemba 4 Eugene zihambile. Lapho iNdlovukazi wathola izindaba lokuqala isinqumo komyeni wakhe sokunikela, yena akazange abakholelwe lo mbiko, bekholelwa ukuthi umyeni wakhe akakwazanga ehlazweni, yena wabulawa amaJalimane angasiboni.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Napoleon wakwazi ukubaleka ekuthunjweni bengenamiyocu kulesi sigameko. Lo mbhangqwana kulo muzi English waseChislehurst. Ngo-1873, uNapoleon wafa emva kokuhlinzwa ukuze ezinso kwehlukana. Eugenia wayeyindodana kuphela. Omncane Eugene Napoleon wakhetha i-career lempi.

Ngo-1879 waya njengesisebenzi sokuzithandela iMpi Anglo-Zulu. Wokuphila bathi le nsizwa yahamba isenzo ukuqubuka ngenxa yesifiso ukuqeda ukwethembela kwakhe unina. Esikhathini esingangenyanga ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi, u-Eugene wabulawa ngesikhathi kugasela amaphoyisa kwesimo endaweni.

eminyakeni yamuva

Lapho wayesaphila Napoleon III, kwakheka ababemzungezile iphathi enkulu futhi abasekeli Bonapartist ohlanga sokubuyiselwa. Lo mdlali owayedlalela i-emperor wafa, amathemba royalists waphendukela indlalifa esisemthethweni Eugene. Manje kwathi lapho umuntu edlula, futhi nguye. Eugene wasala yedwa futhi waba inhloko yalawa Bonapartist party, nakuba ukubaluleka kwayo sisondela ngokushesha zero.

Iningi engu Exile ubudala aphethwe e-UK. Wayengumngane kwabaningi wemindeni ebusayo, kuhlanganise Russian Empress Aleksandroy Fedorovnoy, okokugcina wavakashela Eugene ngo-1909 inkampani yakwa-umkakhe ayeseshade naye uNicholas II.

Ukufa Memory

Unkosikazi ka-Napoleon III wahlala ekhuthele ngisho nalapho esegugile. Phakathi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala wamvakashela imikhumbi lasolwandle Enkulu YaseBrithani. Eugene baqhubeka ukuya eSpain lakubo wayeshiye eziningi izihlobo. Ngesikhathi elapho, wahlangana wafa 11 Julayi 1920 eneminyaka engu-engu-94. Countess wangcwatshwa eduze nomyeni nendodana yakhe waseBrithani Farnborough.

Mayelana Empress Eugenie sifana iqoqo leziqhingi, ise-Russian Territory Primorsky. Peaks Island ogama lakhe behlonipha wakhe, ngenxa yokuthi ngawo-1850 leli zwe elisha wavula amatilosi French. Igama Eugene Ubuye netshe elisemkhathini, ezatholakala ngo-1857.