EKamchatka intabamlilo - buyinto engokwemvelo ezithakazelisayo

I eKamchatka Peninsula - yezindawo ezicebe kakhulu emhlabeni izintaba-mlilo okungenzeka phansi kunabaphostoli kuphela Iceland futhi Hawaii. Kule ndawo yase-Pacific Ocean, okubizwa ngokuthi "indandatho lomlilo", kuyinto engaphezu kwekhulu nezintaba-mlilo eziqhumayo , futhi abangaba ngu-30 babo baye sengivuswa muva nje.

Izintaba-mlilo zaseKamchatka, namuhla neyaziwayo evumelekile ifomu 700-ikhilomitha wentaba-mlilo eside ibhande Sheveluch intabamlilo, esemgwaqweni enyakatho yale nhlonhlo, futhi ngaseningizimu yawo le ntaba-mlilo Kambalny. vulkanizm Unamandla eKamchatka njengoba ku angomakhelwane lwesikhathi Aleutian esijwayelekile futhi Kurile isiqhingi, okubangelwa subduction ipuleti Pacific ngaphansi Eurasia ipuleti zomhlaba.

Kule minyaka eyinkulungwane eziningana iminyaka kuye kwaba ngu-30 ezinkulu kakhulu (Plinian) kuqhume intabamlilo, ukuze waphonselwa ngaphandle mayelana 1 km ³ magma. Ngokusho la idatha, namuhla eKamchatka - indawo emhlabeni nge imvamisa eliphezulu kakhulu nokuqhuma ezinkulu alufakwa.

Mlilo eziningi ezisebenzayo zaseKamchatka Klyuchevskoy Karimsky, Sheveluch futhi Nameless.

EKamchatka intabamlilo Klyuchevskoy - mlilo enkulu kunazo zonke ezisebenzayo Eurasia - antante 4750 m ngaphezu kolwandle. Anakho ephelele, Isigaxa emangalisayo enhle. Umnyaka lokhu intaba-mlilo iminyaka ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili. Lokhu kuqhuma lokuqala laligujwa ngo 1697 Klyuchevskoy intabamlilo e eKamchatka namuhla ke edonsela eziningi izivakashi abafuna ukubona eduze omunye mlilo amahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Lokhu kuqhuma kwenzeke cishe njalo ngemva kweminyaka 5, futhi ngezinye izikhathi njalo ngonyaka, futhi kwenzeka ukuthi basuke njalo wahlala iminyaka eminingi. Enamandla kakhulu kubo kwenzeka ngo 1944-1945. umsebenzi Kliuchevskoi nakho libhekene futhi imigodi yezintaba-mlilo "yisinanakazana", sise 8-25 km kusuka main.

Intaba-mlilo Shiveluch e eKamchatka - omunye mlilo kakhulu asebenzayo futhi wosayizi omkhulu - kuyahluka iqhuma enamandla kakhulu. Itholakala km 80 kusuka Kliuchevskoi. On SHEVELUCH zokugcina ayizinkulungwane eziningana iminyaka kuye kwaba nokuqhuma mayelana 60 ezinkulu, ukuqothulwa eziningi zazo esukela emuva 1854 kuya ku-1956, lapho iningi udaka lwentaba-mlilo, sabhidlika, okuholela umonakalo ngendathane doti kwakhiwa. Lokhu intabamlilo zaseKamchatka uyilungu leqembu-mlilo futhi Klyuchevskoy kuye mayelana 65 eziyinkulungwane. Iminyaka.

Intaba-mlilo Karimsky - iphansana (1486 m) kanye abasha (iminyaka 6100) - esebenzayo kakhulu. Kuphela kuleli khulu leminyaka kwakukhona abangaphezu kuka-20 kuqhume intabamlilo, futhi owokugcina olwaqala ngo 1996 futhi yathatha iminyaka engu-2. Eruption Karymskii ephelezelwa Ukuvutha nomlotha kwekhabhoni kusukela maphakathi wentaba ethela lava. Udaka ukuthi kwabheduka intabamlilo zaseKamchatka Karimsky okunamathelayo ukuze, njengoba umthetho, izindikimba akhazimula musa njalo ukufinyelela unyawo. Lokhu kuqhuma zokugcina kwaqondana ukuqhuma i kwamanzi Karymskii Lake, elise 8 km. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka 20 amahora kuphela, kodwa leso sikhathi esifushane kwaba-100 splash kwamanzi, ngalinye elikwazi kwalandelwa amagagasi-tsunami ukufinyelela 15 metres ubude. Ngenxa kuqhuma Karymskoe echibini lamanzi okwakukhona fresh kakhulu futhi ihlanzekile, uye ibe isidleke ezinkulu zemvelo kanye amanzi ane-esidi emhlabeni.

Ongenagama eKamchatka intabamlilo itholakala emithambekeni mpumalanga i yokuqothulwa itshe intabamlilo. Iminonjana lava notshwala zingatholakala phezulu amagquma ayo. Kuyinto intabamlilo amancane abasha (iminyaka 4700), eyasungulwa esiqongweni intabamlilo emikhulu. Phakathi nawo-50s kwaba ukuqhuma, ngemva kwalokho kwakhiwa emgodini omkhulu esime sehhashi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ongenagama waqaphela njengoba omunye mlilo eziningi ezisebenzayo eKamchatka. Entsha lava Dome ezikhulayo ngaphakathi komgodi wentaba-mlilo, okuvame ukuholela umsebenzi obhubhisayo notshwala pyroclastic. Kusukela 2011, umkhatsi wentaba-mlilo cishe egcwele wentaba.