Crimean, noma laseMpumalanga neMpi

Okthoba 16, 1853 impi Russian kwathiwa phezu ingxenye Turkey. Ngo historiography yasekhaya yangena njengoba eCrimea, futhi entshonalanga is ngokuthi iMpi Eastern ezaziwayo.

Outbreak izingxabano

Kakade ekuqaleni November isigaba Russian e Sinop Bay ngempumelelo phansi ingxenye enkulu Turkish Naval Amandla. lwaphuka Nanhlanu imikhumbi-Turkish, kanye wezikhali babungonakala ibhethri ugu. Kungakhathaliseki East impi kuphela ukushayisana zamazwe amabili phakathi Russia nase-Turkey, owaphuma kungaba ezisobala. Nokho, WaseTurkey Porte kwadingeka umbimbi esesabekayo - eFrance naseNgilandi. Kugcine, uma ukhuluma ngokuqondile, kwadingeka imibono yabo on ensimini-Turkish, njengoba leli lizwe uya eba engaphansi semi koloni kwamazwe olukhulu eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Ukusabela kusukela oMfelandawonye akazange kusadingeka silinde isikhathi eside. Kusese December ka kulo nyaka, isigaba Franco-British kwaba ngasogwini eCrimea kanye neMpi Eastern langena isigaba salo asebenzayo. Njengengxenye amabutho azihlanganisa wawakhiwa ayisishiyagalolunye nemikhumbi eyayithwala nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bezokuphepha yesikhathi. England, kulandele France babe emazweni zokuqala zaseYurophu okubuya izinguquko kwezezimboni, esingenakubalwa wathi iziboshwa ngenkathi izinduna of the Empire, Russian. Ukuze uvumele imikhumbi azihlanganisa umhlaba amabutho e Sevastopol, eBay of edolobheni ngo-September 1854, imikhumbi abayisikhombisa Ngishoné, izinsalela eyayibonakala awavunyelwe ukuvala kuyiwe ogwini. Yaqala ekuvinjezelweni eside komuzi, egcwele umcimbi eyinhloko empini. Lo muzi ezithathwe izindleko balahlekelwa kakhulu nhlangothi zombili kuphela ngenyanga yeshumi zokuvimbezela, ngo-September 1855.

Eyesibili isigaba yokulwa

Nokho, ngemva kokuwa Sevastopol East impi ke awukapheli. Enye inhloso ye akuxhomekile Anglo-French okwakuseduze layo umuzi Nikolaev, ngesikhathi yangaphambili base eyinhloko Sea Fleet, sakhe nenqaba lokuhlushwa shipbuilding izimboni, emafektri kanye wezikhali kulo lonke izindlu ingxenye. Ukuvumela Nikolaev kwakuzosho ukulahlekelwa cishe ephelele Russia ithuba bhekana nezitha kolwandle, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukulahlekelwa yizo zonke ukufinyelela ogwini Black Sea. Kakade engxenyeni yokuqala ka-September 1855 emhlabeni omuzi aqala ukwakhiwa nezimundiso izinqaba ukuzivikela. Mina bafike endaweni yesehlakalo uMbusi u-Alexander II (endleleni, ethathe ubukhosi nje ngaphambili, ngisho phakathi ukuziphatha impi). Nikolaev wajoyina iJerusalema livinjezelwe. Zama ukuthatha leli lamabutho kwenziwa yi-squadrons British nesiFulentshi ngo-Okthoba 1855. It yaphela nya Kinburn inqaba Ochakov kuthathwe kanye esizalweni somfula Dnieper-Bug. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba kufike uSuku isitha samiswa endaweni Voloska ngamathe volleys enamandla wezikhali. Eastern neMpi YaseCrimea wathuthela isigaba yokujama tsi.

Ungena zezwe kanye nemiphumela yayo

Ngemva kwezingxoxo ezinde, lesi sivumelwano sokuthula esasayinwa e-Paris. Naphezu kokuhlaselwa okukhulu ekuvikeleni Nikolaev, Eastern War of 1853-1856 ukuthi ngiphumelele elahlekile. Ngaphansi kwemibandela ye-Evumelana ukuthula neRussia, naseTurkey ke uvinjelwe ngoxhaxha ulwandle, kanye iyakwenqabela ukusungulwa base wamabutho asolwandle ogwini. OLwandle Olumnyama kwathiwa hlangothi futhi evulekile ukuze imikhumbi yomthengisi bazo zonke izizwe, owayekhona yebo, kuzuzisa izinkampani yokuhweba Western sebeyitholile ukuthola izimakethe ezintsha. NeMpi YaseCrimea yabonisa ukwehluleka umbuso wamasosha nangokwezimali. Kusobala Kwathi ukukhanyisa isidingo esiphuthumayo setingucuko emikhulu kuleli zwe. A umphumela oqondile lokhu ukunqotshwa kwaba ukuqedwa serfdom nezinye kwekuhlela kabusha kwezenhlalo nezomnotho-1860s.