CIA: sokuqonda izifinyezo. Kuyini CIA?

Izwe ngalinye has amasevisi ayo imfihlo, abasebenzelana zezokuvikela intelligence angaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Russia bebizwa FSB futhi GRU e-UK - MI6. Kuyinto ayihlukile neze ne-United States. Kuleli zwe amasevisi imfihlo ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi omunye. intelligence Foreign e-United States bekwi izinhlangano ezimbili nje - kuba NSA futhi CIA. Sokuqonda izifinyezo, kanye nemisebenzi Intelligence Agency efakwe kulesi sihloko.

CIA

Manje okwengeziwe ngale nkonzo ekhethekile. CIA - kuyinto US ejensi kahulumeni eqoqa futhi ihlaziya lonke ulwazi imisebenzi nohulumeni bezinye izizwe, izakhamuzi abo kanye nezinhlangano. Lokhu umzimba ngokweqile kubhekwa njengembangela enkulu ohlelweni intelligence-United States.

Umlando-CIA. sokuqonda izifinyezo

Ngemva kokunqotshwa eJalimane, e-United States kwakudingekile ukwakha uhlelo strong ukukhalipha, njengoba elaseSoviet Union kubhekwe ibe isitha. Kodwa-ke kwakudingekile ukuba ubhekane nakho. Cishe ngokuphazima kweso kwaqala "iMpi Yomshoshaphansi", ngalesi sikhathi, futhi kwasungulwa inhlangano. CIA wabonakala ngo-1947, ngemva koMthetho on National Security. It kokungena ngemvume ngesikhathi nguMengameli US Garri Trumen. Umthetho weza force on 18.10.1947 ngonyaka.

Kuyini CIA futhi kwakhiwa kanjani? It yadalwa ngesisekelo ekhona kakade ngesikhathi amasu abethimba ukuthi babekhona ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Umzimba lomusha phezu yonke imisebenzi yayo, futhi umthetho siqu liqine CIA sasayinwa ngo-1949. Sokuqonda izifinyezo kukhonjisiwe ngezansi. A qiniso eliyimpicabadala: abantu abathile bekholelwa ukuthi CIA kuyinto - uphenyo Central ku kwesibhicongo. Akusikho, kwesokudla - Central Intelligence Agency.

ukuphathwa zenhlangano

Ngaphambi 2005, wabaholela kuMqondisi Office of Intelligence. Lesi sikhundla wamukelwa ngonyaka ngo-1946. Kusukela ngo-1947, sase ngaphezu kwalokho unamathisele yonke imisebenzi ubuholi CIA, kanye nomqondisi wathola isimo umeluleki United States kukaMongameli ekuphepheni kanye nezobunhloli. Kakade 1981, ayenakho ukulawula ngokuphelele emisebenzini ngokuphelele zonke ngaphakathi nangaphandle intelligence US.

Yini e-CIA

NgokoMthetho we-yemfanelo eyinhloko enhlanganweni kuyinto ukuthola ezihlukahlukene kolwazi. Akezwa kokudabula inethiwekhi ejenti kanye nezinye izindlela. Kodwa CIA amandla amaphoyisa nemisebenzi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kuleli zwe akusho ifa. Okungukuthi, inhlangano angenalungelo lokukuthola ukugxambukela ezindabeni amaphoyisa kanye nezinye ejensi akatelela ngomthetho. CIA futhi kungabangela isakhamuzi enkantolo. UMnyango enze zonke imisebenzi ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu kuphela imisebenzi biko.

Impendulo yombuzo lokho CIA utholiwe. Manje cabanga imithwalo yemfanelo eyengeziwe yale nhlangano. CIA ucubungula nokumadanisa imiphumela bahlangana ukukhalipha, ihlaziya kubo, kwenza izibikezelo. Kulesi sisekelo, inhlangano kufanele balethe iziphakamiso zayo kuHulumeni. Futhi, ukuphathwa unesibopho ukuphathwa jikelele kanye nokudidiyela yonke iminyango eziqoqa intelligence kazwelonke. CIA ubala zonke nobungozi e-United States, kanye nobutha ababehumusha ukuqoqwa kolwazi eMelika noma NATO.

Ingabe-US Central Intelligence Agency baqoqe zokuhlukunyezwa?

Ngo-2007, e-CIA yavuma ukuthi i-2 opholile babhujiswa, eyayibonakala videotaping ngemibuzo olwenziwa ejenti yabo. IHhovisi Wawuthi inqubo kwaba ngempela "kanzima". Maykl Hayden, elalisekhaya umqondisi isikhathi, wagomela (ebhekisela umbono abophiko lwezokuphepha), ukuthi zonke izindlela asetshenziswa kwezomthetho ngokuphelele. Noma kunjalo, ubufakazi yezenzo ngesihluku American intelligence amasevisi kwabhujiswa.

Ubeke, Ukuvikelwa Union inkululeko izakhamuzi American. Umkhulumeli wayo wathi ukubhujiswa lezi opholile - kungcono yeluhlelo eside futhi emikhulu ngawo abantu basindiswa kusukela bemangalelwa ngamacala obugebengu ngokuhlambalaza isikhundla sakhe sabaprofethi.

Ngo-2008, Hayden wavuma ukuthi ngiphenywa wasebenzisa indlela "nezikhukhula ezinkulu" nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Kodwa abaphathi akacabangi ke ahlupha, futhi ubiza kokuphenywa kuphela nje obuqinile. 18 efanayo "musa ahlupha" lalisetshenziselwa esewonke. Ngo Congress, abeke phambili isiphakamiso ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa miphumela ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo, kodwa Bush ukusabisile ukuba Veto umthetho. Kodwa kakade 2009, u-Obama besayina incwadi ekuvimbeleni sokuhlushwa.

izimfihlo

Indlela imele CIA? Central Intelligence. Ngakho, njengoba kunoma iyiphi inhlangano efanayo, ikakhulukazi lokhu ezidlula, it has izimfihlakalo zayo ezinkulu futhi kancane. Ngokwesibonelo, kwathi e-CIA has emajele yayo, owawuke akwaziwa muntu. Bona ebambekile abantu okusolakala ubuphekula.

Ngo-2006, George W. Bush ungenisa, njengoba ngaleso sikhathi umongameli US ngokusemthethweni wavuma ukuthi izindawo ezinjalo zikhona. Ngokusho kwakhe, ejele kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha yezwe kanye izakhamuzi, futhi ziqukethe izigebengu eziyingozi kakhulu. Ngo-2009, u-Obama ivaliwe ngesinqumo somthetho zonke libhekwa CIA izindawo. Futhi hhayi kuphela e-US, kodwa uphesheya kwezilwandle.

imisebenzi CIA eminyakeni yamuva,

Umphakathi jikelele uye washintsha kakhulu, kanye ne-Ofisi kwadingeka benze izinguquko isakhiwo sabo. izikhungo ekhethekile nodaba kwezikhali ezibulala uyaca, counter-ubuphekula, esiphikisayo lobunhloli, ubugebengu omhlaba kanye izidakamizwa sezisunguliwe, izingalo ukulawula kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlelwe ubudlelwano phakathi ohlelweni ulwazi iqoqo emazweni angaphansi kwe-European Union futhi umnyango efanayo CIA. Sokuqonda intelligence lwezokuphepha EU isiyatholakala nasemazweni aseMelika. It kwenziwe ukuhlaziya jikelele imithombo zoke eziphathelene ukulondeka US.

CIA Usebe negalelo asebenzayo emisebenzini yomphakathi ngendlela amasevisi imigomo, okuyizinto isithakazelo iqoqo idatha. Kwakhiwe ukubambisana baqaphe nezinye izinhlaka ukukhalipha, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni ezintsha nocwaningo esizoheha hardware.

ukugcizelela CIA ku lithathelwe enqubeni ukubuthelela ilwazi kanye livame ukukhiqiza indlela siqu ukuhlaziywa ulwazi olusemqoka. Futhi inikeza usizo olukhulu ekuxazululeni izinkinga eziningi njalo kuphakama emva kokuphela "impi yomshoshaphansi." Ngezenzo ubambisana uma kunesidingo nge ezihlukahlukene kwamanye amazwe.