Caecilians: abameleli (isithombe)

Izinhlobonhlobo nezilwane kuyiplanethi yethu yinkulu kakhulu. Kukhona phakathi kwamalungu ayo, futhi enjalo zilwane ezithakazelisayo izilwane zasemhlabeni njengoba Caecilians. "Caecilians" Kungenjalo bebizwa.

Lamabutho Caecilians: izici kwesakhiwo

Ngaphandle, abaprofethi bamanga babukeka kanjani izimpethu ezinkulu. Lokhu kufana ngenxa yokubakhona eziningi okwesongo umzimba uhamba. Inhloko encane ehlangene umzimba eside, akudingeki kungekho umsila noma nasemilenzeni. Cloaca sise isigxobo posterior zomzimba.

Ubukhulu akuvamile idlule 45 cm. Kodwa kukhona omunye ngaphandle. Kumayelana caecilians Thompson, ehlala ezintabeni Colombian. Torso kungaba ukufinyelela ubude 1.2 amamitha.

Ngaphansi isikhumba ngesikhathi caecilians esandleni sakhe kukhona isikali okhethekile, okuyizinto izimpawu amadlozi ezikude armored izilwane zasemhlabeni legless.

It has izici zalezi izinhlanzi eziphilayo: khona ku izinsalela inani elikhulu notochord (200-300) ka amathambo. Inhliziyo siqukethe eyodwa ATRIUM ehlukaniswa i ukwahlukanisa akuphelele, futhi omunye ventricle. Izici izakhiwo forebrain abonisa izinga eliphakeme caecilians, uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izilwane zasemhlabeni.

Ukuzijwayeza imvelo

Caecilians ukuphila komhlaba. I yalokhu ukungabi iso - iso. esiqalweni zabo afihleke ngaphansi kwesikhumba noma ikhule ibe ithambo. Rumour futhi kabi athuthukile. imbobo tintfo futhi akukho eardrum, endlebeni lapho, kodwa engahlobene nesenzakalo imvelo. Ngakho-ke, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni legless bayakwazi ukubamba umsindo ophakeme uzilimaza ngalesi imvamisa 100-1500 Hz. ukuthuthukiswa Kubi izinzwa ngenhla inxeshezelwa umqondo kakhulu iphunga.

Umbala ungu ngempela nesizotha. Ibala zokhahlamba kusuka grey and brown ukuze omnyama. Homeliness kusiza caecilians esingalindelekile. Kukhona okuhlukile. Emvelweni, ungathola amakhophi ophuzi egqamile futhi okwesibhakabhaka.

Ukudla ukunyakaza

Yidla blindworm, nemisundu eminingi, izinyoka schitkohvostymi, izinambuzane inhlabathi kanye molluscs. Ezinye siphonops njengendlela ukudla okuyisisekelo esetshenziswa umuhlwa nezintuthwane.

Caecilians ngokuphelele bazivumelanisa indlela yabo yokuphila. Little ikhanda eliqinile kwenza kube lula ngawo ukuze bazivulele indlela ngomshoshaphansi. Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela futhi kusiza umzimba eside futhi semali isikhwehlela. ikhishwe kwenzeka sibonga eziningi nezindlala isikhumba bagxila emasongweni anterior. Lesi sici konga caecilians ukuhlasela izinyoka, umuhlwa nezintuthwane.

ukusabalala

ezindaweni ezishisayo kanye kunomswakama - kuba iyindawo ekahle yokuphila kulabo caecilians. Ziyakwazi ezivamile eziqhingini zasePacific Oceans Indian; ezimisweni emfuleni Colombia, Amazon kanye Orinoco. E-Afrika, emazweni aseMelika, e-Asia, lawa izilwane zasemhlabeni kugcwele umhlaba wonke. Musa uhlala e-Australia ne-Madagascar.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

izifundo eningiliziwe ngale ndaba sezenziwe. Kodwa kunento eyodwa eqinisekile: ukukhiqizwa yangaphakathi. Cloaca besilisa ungavula ngaphakathi ngaphandle ukwakha isitho copulatory, lapho ukuqaliswa kungenzeka lokhu kokuzalela. Lesi sici ephawula bonke izilwane lamabutho Caecilians. Abamele ukuthi bukhoma emanzini, uthenge kule kumadivayisi amaningi. Ikakhulukazi, cloaca yabo izinzwa akwazi ukugcina. Ngosizo lwabo, uxhumano ngokumitha kwemihlambi ngaphakamisa ngabanye. Isikhathi kokuzalela 3 h. Ngokungafani neningi nezinye izilwane zasemhlabeni amaqanda emhlabathini omanzi, caecilians ayidingekile salokhu emfuleni noma echibini.

Basebenzisa amanzi abo esikhundleni slime. Caecilians squad futhi sibonisa lokuzalwa bukhoma. Isikhathi ekhulelwe 6 izinyanga noma ngaphezulu, ukukhanya livela namazinyane azo 3 kuya ku-7. Newborn umzimba ubude 10 cm, kanti bonke abanye, zingabantu amakhophi eliphelele abadala lamabutho Caecilians. Photo Young abekwe ngezansi.

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala okuphakelayo ezabo gill izikhwama, oveza ngabo zesifazane.

Lamabutho Caecilians: Abameleli

caecilians aseMelika Ephakathi ba- bahlala eGuatemala. Insikazi lolu hlobo uyakwazi ukuthela kusuka amaqanda 15 kuya 35. Ukubeletha zenzeka noJuni, lapho zemvula iqala. Ubude namazinyane azo bazalwa phakathi kuka-11 no-16 mm. Naphezu ubukhulu ezincane, zingabantu mobile kakhulu futhi iphila. Ukwanda okusheshayo ebavumela kakade eneminyaka emibili ubudala nokuzala.

Insikazi szhatohvostogo caecilians kwakhiwa kusuka amaqanda 6 kuya ku-14. Lapho izibungu isikhuphasha ngokwanele ekhona amaqanda, zikhethwe kusuka kumasistimu asebenzayo egg, kodwa bazalwa. Izindawo zawo zokuhlala isikhashana, kuyinto oviduct kamama. Ngo caecilians abasha ngaleso sikhathi kakade zinamazinyo leaf emise. Ngosizo lwabo, bathi zizifunele izindonga yokukhosela yabo zesikhashana, okuholela isikhwehlela ukukhululwa izakhi. It abakudlayo.

Oxygen nabo ukusuka unina. Ngosizo, bona 'namathela' ukuze ezindongeni oviduct, futhi ngaleyo ndlela-mpilo ongena ezinkulu gills gelatinous izibungu ekhona.

Ukuze umhlaba caecilians rybozmeya ehlala India, Sri Lanka futhi Omkhulu Sunda Islands, libhekene Iqanda kubekwa.

Ziyakwazi ezinkulu, omunye bamba kuyinto izingcezu phakathi kuka-10 no-25. Ngenxa ulwelwesi obukhulu esehlanganise nabo futhi ziboya ekhethekile, ngawo amaqanda anamekwe nomunye, amathole kunjalo seboy mass ezihlangene. Insikazi iphuma esiyingini kubhaklazeka amaqanda kaningi ngamafutha kubo izimbici. Ngenxa yalokhu, yini ukwandisa ngobukhulu cishe 4 izikhathi. Achanyuselwa, lezi zilwane legless, abameleli isizukulwane esezikhulakhulile ezweni, isikhathi esithile abahlala amanzi uze ekugcineni zikhula.