Bulgaria ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili futhi ngemva kwaso. Ukuhlanganyela eBulgaria eMpini Yezwe II

Ngokungafani Russian Federation futhi ayengaphansi kweSoviet futhi European Union, eBulgaria, wesishiyagalolunye Meyi lugujwa hhayi Victory Day kanye Europe Day, cishe ngeke ukuhlonipha amashumi ezinkulungwane Bakwethu zabo owafa emzabalazweni wobushiqela ngonyaka wokugcina empini. Lesi sihloko sichaza ingxenye amadlingozi futhi impikiswano eBulgaria ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili.

-Third Reich Union

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Bulgaria phakathi neMpi Yezwe II asekelwe oMbusi amaNazi. Ukubambisana uhulumeni Bulgarian nge eJalimane baqala ku 30s kwekhulu elidlule. Khona-ke amaJalimane ehlelekile zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali ibutho Bulgarian. Futhi, amaNazi zaqala ukuguqula Burgas futhi Varna nezimbobo Bulgarian ukuthunyelwa lasolwandle yayo. Ebusika 1940-1941 eBulgaria ephethwe iqembu ezikhethekile Luftwaffe, umsebenzi kabani main kwakuwukwenza le airfields Bulgarian ukuyohlala kuzo ngu izindiza German. Kanyekanye le nqubo sekuqalile ukwakhiwa zezindiza entsha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isevisi ezokuthutha akhethekile eyakhelwe izinto zokuthutha nokuxhumana 25 yasungulwa ngo Sofia, okuyinto kuvikelwe amasosha aseJalimane, kuyilapho ukugqoka ngendlela isiBulgaria amabutho ahlomile.

Isici impikiswano wokubambisana

Ekuqaleni 1941 sokudumisa kulindeleke ekuthatheni eYugoslavia naseGrisi, futhi usebenzise lezi zinhlelo, nje kwadingeka ukuba ngaphansi kokulawula ensimini ka Bulgaria, zithuthukisa ayehlasela. Kuyinto lokhu Iqiniso izazi-mlando zanamuhla Bulgarian umnikelo njengoba uxakekile ukuthi wayebhekene nenkosi Boris III. Wayefanele ezimbili: kuphakathi kokuthi ukuba ngaphansi impi, noma ngokuzithandela bayavuma ibutho lamaNazi. Ngakho-ke, Bulgaria ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili empeleni uba yisisulu inqubomgomo inkanuko ka-Third Reich.

Bulgaria futhi Tripartite Pact atheleka

Njengoba yaziwa, isiBulgaria Tsar Boris kwadingeka zamanxusa eguquguqukayo, ngakho waklebhula Zinikele Union. Entwasahlobo ka-1941 Bulgaria ngemvume Tripartite Pact atheleka, olubizwa nangokuthi ama-"Berlin-iRoma-Tokyo". Ngemva kwenyanga, amabutho aseJalimane udabula ezweni sezidlulele Greece futhi eYugoslavia, ibutho Bulgarian ukuthi uyathinteka ukunwetshwa. Ngakho, Bulgaria langena seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Hitler umvuzo ke ingxenye Macedonia, Northern Greece neSerbia. Ngokwemvelo, kwaba into eqanjiwe. Ngakho, ekupheleni kuka-April 1941 insimu ka isimo Bulgarian anda izikhathi cishe unyaka nesigamu, futhi Boris III, ememezela ukusungulwa kwe-"Bulgaria Greater" futhi inyunyana bonke abantu esimweni esisodwa, futhi ngamanga. Yiqiniso, zonke izinqubo kwezenhlalo kanye nezomnotho abangu elawulwa kusuka Berlin.

Njengoba ally laseJalimane lobuNazi, Bulgaria kwakungelona ephikisana emazweni amaningi anti-Hitler sokusebenzisana ne-USSR babe ngisho enobudlelwane nawo. Ngakho, inhlokodolobha Bulgarian equkethwe asemazweni nxazonke ukuphikiswa, ngakho Sofia phakathi nempi ngokuthi "inhlokodolobha lobunhloli."

Okufakiwe empini

Emva ukuhlaselwa laseJalimane lobuNazi iSoviet Union ngamandla amakhulu, Juni 22, 1941, u-Adolf Hitler bephikelela yafuna inkosi Bulgarian ukuthumela amayunithi wezempi ethiyetha Eastern empi. Kodwa Boris bahlakaniphe, owesaba bokuvukela komphakathi, wenqaba zicelo. Okungukuthi Bulgaria ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, cishe akazange alwe eSoviet Union. Ngokusemthethweni, Bulgaria bajoyine lokulwa phakathi no-December 1941, lapho, ngokuvumelana okufunwa amaNazi, iqale impi ngo-anti-Hitler womanyano. Boris III avunyelwe amaJalimane ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo komnotho wezwe, kanye izinyathelo olubandlululayo yokutholwa maqondana amaJuda Bulgarian owayehlala ezweni kakhulu. Lezi zenzo zazizimbi kakhulu e nemiphumela yaso.

ukumelana antifascist

Ngo 1941-1943 isiBulgaria anti-amaFascist futhi Socialists langena umzabalazo enobuso ezingemuva isiJalimane, futhi bahlela ukuba ukunyakaza ukumelana. Ngo-1942 Domestic phambi ukumelana antifascist kwamiswa. Futhi ngaphambi kokuba kufike uSuku iRed Army ku Eastern Front ngaphezulu ephefumulelwe ukunyakaza anti-undlovukayiphikiswa. Ngo-1943, i-Workers Party eBulgaria isungule ibutho labavukeli, ogama izinombolo ezikhulayo njalo, futhi baba izinkulungwane 30 abashokobezi ekupheleni kwempi. Bulgaria ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, njengoba isimo, kwaba sizana kwamaNazi, kodwa abaningi baseBulgaria ungayazi le Union ezishaqisayo.

Imizamo uphazamisa umbimbi Bulgarian-German

Lapho kwamaNazi German baqala ukuhlupheka ukunqotshwa kokuqala ku Eastern Front, inkosi Bulgarian waqala ukuzama ukuphazamisa ubuhlobo okuyihlazo Adolf Hitler, kodwa ngo-August 1943, ngemva komhlangano zamanxusa ne sokudumisa, wafa ngokuzumayo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, Bulgarian Uhulumeni Council, abusa igama lendodana yakhe Boris III - uSimeyoni phathelana kuphela ukulandela izinga pro-isiJalimane, okubonisa kakhulu "cute" inqubomgomo maqondana umbuso anti-womuntu.

ukungathathi hlangothi nampumelelo

Ukunqoba Soviet at kwaseStalingrad vvoysk nokunengayo yabo okwalandela, okuyinto ilethe yokunqotshwa ezimpini isiJalimane, kanye nokubhonywa Sofia US Air Force eNgilandi, wabizelwa July 1944 uhulumeni Icebo lika. Iziphathimandla entsha baye benza imizamo ukuletha ukuthula emazweni Bulgarian, bacela ukuthula ezazivela eSoviet Union futhi kuncike kubangane bawo. Ekupheleni kuka-August 1944, iziphathimandla wamemezela hlangothi nhlobo eBulgaria futhi wabeka ugwayi katiki ukuba amabutho aseJalimane, kangangokuthi bawushiya lizwe. Kodwa zonke imizamo wafika engelutho. Germany ehluleka ukuhambisana nanoma yiziphi izidingo ezifanele, futhi nezingxoxo ngokuthula zehlulekile. Uhulumeni omusha emsebenzini. Septhemba 2, 1944 uhulumeni omusha, okuyinto wasebenza kuphela kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, njengoba amabutho aseSoviet wawela umngcele Bulgarian.

Njengoba Bulgaria ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, kwadingeka isimo sizana-Third Reich, iSoviet Union iqale impi ngo-September 5, 1944, futhi kakade 8 September, iRed Army yangena kuleli zwe. Abathandwayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngosuku olufanayo, Bulgaria iqale impi ngo-eJalimane lobuNazi, futhi sisesimweni yempi ngokumelene umbimbi sangaphambili, ngokumelene anti-Hitler womanyano. Kodwa ngosuku olulandelayo kwakunomuntu lokuketula uhulumeni ezweni, okwaholela ukuba ngamandla wobaba Front, futhi ekupheleni kuka-October 1944 eMoscow yasayina ukuxolelana.

Ukuhlanganyela eBulgaria ekulweni Germany

Ekwindla ekuqaleni kuka-1944 e-Bulgaria engimbumbile ezintathu ukulwa elungele impi, ingqikithi abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-500. Ukungqubuzana kuqala lwamaNazi futhi amabutho Bulgarian babe eSerbia, okuyinto balwa abantu ababesekela uhulumeni German futhi kuqhathaniswa Hitler, kubangane bawo wangaphambili - the baseBulgaria.

Phakathi nenyanga amabutho bakwazi ukuthola impumelelo lokuqala lezempi, basheshe matasa eMakedoniya nase kwezinye izindawo Serbia. Ngemva yempi yokuqala Bulgarian (140 ayizinkulungwane) wayiswa endaweni eHungary, lapho e-March 1945 kanye iRed Army iye yaba nesandla ezimpini abanolaka eLake Balaton, lapho amayunithi German armored wenze umzamo obukholisayo yokulwisana offensives.

Ngakho, Bulgaria eMpini Yezwe II wathatha isikhundla ziyaphikisana futhi ukulinda, okuyiwona kungenzeka futhi ukwahlulela, kodwa kungenzeka futhi wakhuthaza. Lapho abantu yezwe baye bahlela elikhulu ukumelana anti-undlovukayiphikiswa. Futhi Bulgaria ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II waba neSoviet Union.