Bruno Dzhordano: ifilosofi Renaissance

Mhlawumbe omunye edume kakhulu futhi ezimibalabala ngazo zonke izindlela Yenguquko ongqondongqondo Kwakungu Bruno Dzhordano, ifilosofi okuyinto ihlukanisa pantheism nososayensi eliphefumulelwe we Ukukhanyiselwa on ukuthuthukisa imibono ezintsha.

i-curriculum vitae

Wazalwa ngo-Italy, eduze Naples, edolobheni elincane yesifundazwe Nola, ngoba yena wazibiza Nolandets isidlaliso futhi ngezinye izikhathi besayina imisebenzi yabo. Ebuntwaneni kanye neminyaka yokuqala sefilosofi ngekusasa senzeka ngo izimo ezikahle ukucatshangelwa ekutadisheni nemvelo.

Eminyakeni eyishumi, UBruno wathuthela Naples yokuvakashela izihlobo zabo, okuyinto equkethwe webhodi yokuqeqesha, futhi baqhubeka imfundo yakhe lethembele kakade ulwazi othisha '. Khona-ke, ukufinyelela nanhlanu iba imfundamakhwela Dominican sezindela ethembeni ngaphezulu ukuze sandise imingcele imfundo yabantwana babo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wazama isandla sakhe izincwadi, ukubhala ahlekisayo "Lamp" futhi "Umkhumbi KaNowa", ukuhlekisa imikhuba abalobi owayephila ngesikhathi umphakathi Neapolitan.

Ngenxa umbono wakhe ngale ebuKatolikeni futhi inkululeko kancane enkulu isinyathelo esikhulu kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngokuba engumDominic Bruno yena washushiswa iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki nezinkantolo uphoqeleka ukuba ahoxe kuphela ukusuka eNaples. Ngemva kakhulu ezulazulayo imizi Italy, wawufinyelela Geneva. Kodwa ukuthola yona ayikwazanga ukusebenza, nakuba wasamukela ngezandla ezifudumele bakaCalvin, kungani baya Toulouse ekufundziseni ifilosofi astronomy eyunivesithi. Ngenxa ukubukwa zishanela zika-Aristotle, ukugxekwa nokuhlaselwa evulekile phezu sazi lasendulo wakhashelwa inyumbazane phakathi ontanga futhi uye wabambelela izikhundla eziphezulu kule simo ngothando abafundi abanentshisekelo indlela engavamile ekufundeni.

Ekugcineni ayenakho ukuya eParis. Kube Giordano Bruno waziphatha kwezesayensi tetemibhalo, lokho ikhanga iNkosi uHenry III. Kugcine amasevisi ezehlukile sefilosofi esabela Uprofesa okungavamile, futhi ukhuthaza ukuba aqhubeke ucwaningo lwezesayensi. Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo ukufudumala enwetshiwe ukuba iNkosi uPhilip ukubukwa zishanela yesimo esinzima we imbuka emehlweni iSonto LamaKatolika ophoqelelwe Bruno ukushiya France futhi ukuya e-England. Kodwa lapho, futhi, it landela Zamacala Ezihlubuki zangeNkathi Ephakathi, noma hhayi ngezinga elifanayo njengoba ezwekazini. Ekugcineni, yena namanje ubuyela e-Italy, wahlala buthule isikhashana, okwenza imisebenzi yabo yesayensi nokulotshwa kwalo. Nokho, ngo-1600 esontweni "amaphoyisa" Kuboshwe Bruno, amacala abekwa wona futhi wagwetshwa ngaphandle ashiswe. Isazi sefilosofi wathatha isinqumo isijeziso stoically, futhi ngo-February 17, wabulawa esidlangalaleni endaweni Flowers eRoma.

Basics ulwazi ndaba kanye nesimo

Kususelwa zefilosofi zangaphambi yokucabanga futhi hermetic, Bruno Dzhordano, ogama nefilosofi yayihloselwe ekushintsheni umbono walokho okubizwa ngokuthi isimiso esisodwa saphezulu futhi zaba isakhiwo isikhala, uqala ukwakha umqondo wayo ngalo isakhiwo zezwe, isimiso sonozungezilanga futhi indima yomuntu kwi-ke. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ilanga - lokhu akulona nendawo emkhathini, efana umqondo ukubeka phambili ka-Aristotle nesikole yakhe yesayensi, inkanyezi yokusa emhlabeni lapho amaplanethi zitholakala. Futhi kukhona abaningi izinkanyezi efanayo ne izinhlelo zabo kwamaplanethi kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezihlakaniphile ngaphakathi kubo. Umqondo oyinhloko okuyinto ngokunengqondo kuyofikwa lonke uchungechunge izifushaniso Bruno, kwakuwukuthi umhlaba, umoya futhi lutho, ekubeni, ekuqaleni konke akukho isenzo indalo laphezulu, kodwa samuntu ephilayo ngakho, ukuyo yonke indawo.

Kusukela Metaphysics kuya ifilosofi yemvelo

Iphoyinti, ekuqaleni zonke izinto, imbangela yonke ayikwazi waqonda - amangalelwe Dzhordano Bruno. nefilosofi akhe akufanele ukuphika ukuthi ukhona uNkulunkulu, kubalulekile, kunalokho, emuva kude samuntu kwalo futhi ukuhlonza ngomuntu othile. Iqiniso ingaziwa kuphela uphenyo sokuhlala kwakhe emhlabeni, ngokuvumelana iminonjana ukuthi ushiya kule ndaba futhi umoya. Ngakho-ke, ukwazi uNkulunkulu, kufanele sihlole uhlobo uqobo ke, kuze kufike nokwenzeka esekelwe amakhono yingqondo yomuntu.

Kwenza kuyimbangela noma ekuqaleni

Nkulunkulu kwakuyisiqalo konke - ngakho uthi ifilosofi Yempucuko. Dzhordano Bruno kushintshiwe kule mqondo: imbangela futhi isimiso sokuqala bamunye ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu, kodwa ngokwemvelo abahluke, kusukela imbangela isizathu okumsulwa, noma engqondweni jikelele, okuyinto kubonisa uhlobo imibono yabo, futhi isimiso sokuqala - kuyindaba okuyinto ngaphansi kwethonya izimbangela kuthatha ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa wendawo yonke incarnation sokuqala ngqá umqondo kwengqondo ezweni ngathatha ndaba hhayi ngaphandle kodwa kusuka ngaphakathi, ukudala ndaba ngaleyo ndlela opopayi, okungathatha ngendlela yayo, ngaphandle ukubandakanywa biko.

Eqaphela indlela okwakungaba nzima ngayo ukuba siqonde ukuthi ifilosofi yemvelo, Dzhordano Bruno kafushane (noma cha) evezwe essence yayo emsebenzini wakhe "Ngo imbangela, isiqalo olulodwa." Le ncwadi yamhlaba umxhwele kokubili umphakathi ofundile, alambele imibono emisha, futhi iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki owabona kule umcabango zezihlubuki.

Looping nekupheleliswa nemvelo

Philosophy of Nature Dzhordano Bruno Renaissance kwahluka ubuqotho umqondo ukuthi kukhona umuntu ohlakaniphe kakhulu jikelele elikhona zonke izindaba kakade kunqunywa futhi subjugates ushintsho kanye nokunyakaza kule ndaba. Ngakho-ke, yonke into imvelo kunengqondo futhi ephelele, konke has umjikelezo walo wokuba khona, ngemva kwalokho kabusha ibe yindwangu olulodwa.

imiqondo ubunye

Indlela ezithakazelisayo lempilo Giordano Bruno, ifilosofi, isayensi kanye izimpi ngamazwi zenkolo Uchaze imibono yakhe phezu isimiso saphezulu njengoba ubunye ukuba kanye izinhlobo ndaba kanye intelligence, ngoba, ngokusho kwakhe, zingabantu nsé nomunye kuNkulunkulu. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kuyoba nzima ukuthola ukuthi umhlaba wonkana, ingaphansi kwemithetho jikelele futhi limelela ndaba njalo elokhu ivela.

wafana yemvelo

isizathu Pure, njengoba kamuva ambize Hegel, "ogcwele" umqondo indalo, it is opopayi. Futhi kule ufana essence yaphezulu, yize ongakayeki samuntu, kanti kuchazwa njengokudlwengula into ulwazi etholakalayo. Giordano Bruno, sifinyeto ngemibono yefilosofi okuyizinto kuphikisa we nemfundiso yenkolo classical, waba ngowokuqala ukubeka phambili i-agumenti efanayo. Ukuze lokhu walahla ososayensi ngubani banamathela theory esikoleni futhi engafuni ukucabanga ngenye indlela.

Ukuqinisela kokuhlukana

Ingxabano abanokubukwa esungulwe Bruno Dzhordano, ifilosofi endalo, lawo aphethwe, futhi isimo sengqondo kahle ichazwe emphakathini ukucacisa ikusasa lezi imibono. Bamafilosofi bathi ingqondo bendawo yonke kanyekanye omunye endaweni yonke futhi ngeendlela ezihlukeneko, okuyinto ethatha le ndaba, kuba yonke indawo futhi ndawo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi, ukuze baqonde lo mbono, kumelwe sifunde ukucabanga eziphikisa. Ngemva kokufa nefilosofi Dzhordano Bruno uguqulwe isigaba cognition, omunye okuzoba ukuthola bahlukene Imininingwane ukuze kuzuzwe ngokuvumelana nokuzalwa pair omusha eziphikisanako. Futhi ngakho in a infinity cwaningo recursive kwendaba.

Ukuzitika kokuphakama

Imvelo "lula" ngale ndaba, futhi "ephakanyiswe" umqondo ngoba sekufundvwa kwato tonkhe Ubukhulu bayo. Ngemva kwenza kwabo bonke khona ukuzwa nokuqonda futhi wamukela umqondo njengoba ubunye ekuqaleni konke, kulula ukuthola iphuzu inhlanganisela ngababili obuhlukile futhi ukwakha uchungechunge okunengqondo azitshele ukuthi kusiholela iqiniso - amangalelwe Dzhordano Bruno. Philosophy uchaza kafushane indlela lapho lokhu kungafezwa ukukhanyiselwa nokuqonda. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu kungaba alinge ukuqala le nzima ukuhamba futhi enesibopho.

nefilosofi Pantheistic ka Giordano Bruno, sifinyeto okuyinto uyobanika le engaqaliwe ithuba ukubona imingcele ezingokomoya nezingokwenyama, kwaba isinyathelo sokuqala ekuqondeni inqubo yokufunda. Wayengumuntu iyahola ukuthuthukisa isayensi okuyinto liqhume Ukukhanyiselwa yaholela izingqondo bhá sokuthuthukiswa ikusasa zezinkolelo-mbono zabo. Ngokuhambisana amakhono ayo, nakanjani kungagcini, unesikhundla scholasticism eqinile hhayi kuphela, kodwa lonwabu intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, base umshado, kunalokho, izakhiwo ezinwetshiwe iziphetho ngokusekelwe imibono yakhe kuka isayensi yangempela. Wonke umuntu ejwayelene la magama: uGalileo Galilei, Nikolay Kopernik, Giordano Bruno. Philosophy inikeza umqondo emfushane mayelana nendima yabo ulwazi oluthuthukayo lomhlaba futhi ukukhuthaza lolu lwazi. Ushushisa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki, sicashe ngemisebenzi yabo, ukukhuthaza ngasese, basuke ngokwanele lidlule ngale ndlela, kusale uphawu okuphawulekayo emlandweni.