Boeing 737 500: ukubuyekezwa, indawo engcono, izithombe

Omunye izindiza omhlaba anothile obonwa inkampani American Boeing. Aircraft ukukhiqizwa yayo zisakazwa emhlabeni wonke. Zonke liner umgibeli babe nokwethenjelwa eliphezulu futhi bayindlala kusukela izindiza futhi abagibeli. Mhlawumbe noyedwa ephephezeliswa kakhulu, sithola ukuthi indiza kuyodingeka ku inkampani izindiza "Boeing", ngeke bakhathazeke ngokuphepha kwabo nokwemikhaya induduzo. Ngu uqobo, sha owayebonakala isiqinisekiso kuye kokubili.

umsunguli

William Edward Boeing wazalwa ngo 1881 e Michigan. Watadisha baseYale University, ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX eyingoduso ebhizinisini ngokhuni njengoyise. Ngaleyo minyaka, le ndawo bekulokhu inzuzo ngempela, ibhizinisi layo ngokushesha kuhambe kahle, futhi ngo-1910 wayesefile kakade nesinye sezakhamuzi zalelo yimpumelelo kakhulu nabahlonishwa Seattle. kusukela zisencane yiphupho kukaWilliam Boeing izindiza - wayefuna ukwazi ngangokunokwenzeka, wavakashela zonke nemibukiso nemicimbi elalinikezelwe ezindizeni, zezindiza kanye ezindizayo. Ukudalelwa wamletha imimoya kwabomndeni - ezifana abathandi zezindiza, njengaye - Conrad Westervelt futhi Tiroy iMaroni, kokuba indiza yayo. Le ndiza wokuqala kukaWilliam Boeing kwasuswa emoyeni ngo-1915. Kanye nomngani wakhe, uGeorge Conrad Westervelt, nokuba degree ubunjiniyela, wamisa Pacific Aero Imikhiqizo, okuyinto waziphatha ukukhiqizwa seaplanes. Ngo-1917, inkampani yase yaziwa ngokuthi The Boeing inkampani. Ngo ukuthuthukiswa wenzalo yabo Uilyam Boing usise mayelana $ 100,000 - I-ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka eledlule, kwaba imali nje crazy. Le nkampani ukubhekana kuphela hydroplanes for US Navy, kodwa ngalezo zinsuku kwaba kunenzuzo ukusebenza hhayi kuphela ngenxa kanembeza kodwa futhi nezakhamuzi. Ngemva 1927, i-Boeing aqala ukulinqoba emakethe of civil aviation - I-ukuthutha yemeyili okokuqala, baqala ukusebenzisa air zokuthutha. Ngo-1929, umsunguli bahlakulele umgibeli ibhanoyi lokuqala abantu abangu-12 - ngesikhathi esifanayo okokuqala ku ndiza kuze kube sezikhonzi indiza ukukhonza abagibeli. Kule minyaka edlule, i-Boeing Corporation uya ukuzuza umfutho, abe omkhulu ibhizinisi kokuphenduka titanium nomhleli yayo ochumayo futhi usozimali. Uilyam Boing kwaba wenkampani, futhi eminyakeni yamuva - usihlalo ibhodi labaqondisi. Washona ngo-1956, eminyakeni yakhe wokugcina ithengiswe ukwabelana yakhe, wathatha umhlalaphansi futhi waphila yacht sakhe ngasogwini lwaseCanada. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngemva izindiza baba uthando lwakhe thoroughbred zokuzalanisa amahhashi ezaziwayo. Wayeshadile futhi wazala amadodana amathathu.

umlando yenkampani

Ngaphambi kwempi, Boeing wahlanganyela emsebenzini wokukhiqiza izindiza seaplanes, ngesikhathi sempi - ukukhiqizwa kwe ekuhlaseleni. Ngemva ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, inkampani iyiswe ukukhiqizwa ndiza commercial. Omunye wabantu bokuqala sidalwe Boeing 367-80, okuyinto sibonelo ukukhiqizwa izindiza yesimanje. Eminyakeni 1964-1967 yasungulwa ngu uchungechunge Boeing 737. Lo mndeni bezindiza imayelana 10 izinhlobo izindiza, okuyinto babhekwa njengabantu okuvame kakhulu civil aviation.

umsebenzi

I Boeing Inkampani kanye kwendiza yabantu abangekho silwenza ezempi kanye isikhala ubuchwepheshe. isakhiwo Boeing Inkampani sehlukaniswe amagatsha amabili - wakwaBoeing Commercial Airplanes, elibhekene nomse- kuphela civil aviation, futhi Integrated Defense Systems, eqaphela isikhala nezinhlelo lempi. Boeing eletha imikhiqizo yinkampani, emazweni 145 emhlabeni wonke, izitshalo zayo ezisebenza emazweni 67. Esincintisana esemqoka ye Boeing Corporation kuyinto European ngu-Airbus. Inani labasebenzi idlula abantu abayizinkulungwane 160, eyayithe chithi saka emhlabeni - kuzo zonke Amahhovisi nasezikhungweni zocwaningo ale Nhlangano. Okwamanje, i-Boeing Inkampani iyona umholi wezwe izindiza, inikeza amakhasimende ayo ngentuthuko yakamuva zesayensi innovation phakathi nabasebenzi bayo abameleli abaningi abanale degrees yesayensi kanye nemiklomelo. Inkampani ibonisa cishe yonke indlela ekuthuthukiseni zezindiza emhlabeni jikelele kanye nezindiza mkhathi. Ihhovisi omele eRussia uvele 1993 - wavula eMoscow Boeing Ucwaningo Nobuchwepheshe Centre. Kamuva, ngo-1997, inkampani wathatha oda zayo zokuqala ukwenziwa izindiza ngenxa yenethiwekhi Russian - kwaba inkampani "Aeroflot", i-oda 10 Boeing izindiza. Ngo-2013, lwalumumethe iminyaka engu-20 ye-Boeing Russia ukumelwa. Boeing waziphatha imisebenzi yesihle, njalo ukunika usizo ezifana imikhakha social njengoba imfundo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, ukuvikeleka kwemvelo, yobushoshovu civil, ezobuciko namasiko.

Boeing 737

Le modeli of civil umgibeli izindiza neyaziwayo njengoba ezivamile emhlabeni emlandweni zezindiza. Kuyinto ewumngcingo-umzimba umgibeli jet. Ukukhiqizwa indiza chungechunge kwaqala ngo-1967, kuze kube manje okungaphezu 8000 onobuhle. ukukhiqizwa Main Boeing Inkampani etholakala isimo US California. Wezibalo, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, izindiza ezifana emoyeni imayelana 1200, njalo ngemva kwemizuzwana engu 5 esikhathini esithile iplanethi usetha noma izimpukane Boeing 737. Inani izingxenye asetshenziswe indiza inhlangano kuka-3 million.

umndeni

Zonke Boeing 737 chungechunge izindiza zihlukaniswe imikhaya emithathu. Boeing Original kusukela ngo-1967 kwaze 1988, umndeni ezilandelayo - Boeing Classic. Lokhu kuhlanganisa onobuhle izindiza 300, 400, 500 - baye ayifake ukukhiqizwa ngo-1988 futhi ekhiqizwa kuze 2000. Khona-ke inkampani baqala ukunyathelisa aircraft NG - Generation Next. Lokhu ukuguqulwa wafakwa ukukhiqizwa ngo-1997. Zonke izindiza of Boeing kuhluke Ukucaciswa, ubude, amandla kanye ububanzi izindiza zona ahloselwe.

indiza Boeing 737-500

Imodeli ethulwa - medium hola umgibeli izindiza. He is entsha umndeni we-classic. onobuhle Langaphambilini omkhaya zinomswakama futhi umsindo futhi kunciphise nezindleko. Esincintisana main Boeing 737-500 neyaziwayo Fokker 100. 73 oda kusuka izindiza emhlabeni wonke atholwa ngaphambi kokuqala ukuthuthukiswa project. History of the imodeli kwaqala ngo-1960, lapho ukuphathwa kwenkampani wanquma ukwakha indiza entsha, okuyinto ukuthi zaziyobonakala ngokuthi zibe obunamandla futhi amazinga aphansi umsindo. Lapho uthuthukisa iphrojekthi kwakusho ukuthi umthamo kuyoba abagibeli ababalelwa ku-60, kodwa ngemuva kokuthola umyalelo ovela German «Lufthansa» Airline, kwanqunywa ukuba landise inani lawo abagibeli yokuhlala kuze kube 104. Umehluko omkhulu kubhekwa umsebenzi eziphambili jet izinjini. Izinguquko ezinjalo, ngakho kakhulu ukunciphisa kunomsindo, owawungumnyaka Inzuzo main ukuncintisana kule modeli. Ngaphezu ukunciphisa umthelela izinjini kwimvelo, iqhakambisa umthelela echuma umgibeli induduzo ngaphakathi gumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko ezenziwe iphiko isakhiwo - ivumela ukusetshenziswa ukuguqulwa izindiza ezintsha phakathi ukusuka kanye kokwehla zezindiza esifushane, okwenza kube lula kakhudlwana futhi ukonga ukuyisebenzisa. Boeing imodeli 737-500 indiza kakhulu uphethiloli esebenza kahle. umthamo wayo elincane evumela ukusetshenziswa umgibeli izindiza ezindizeni iDemo naphakathi ububanzi. Ngokuvamile, uthi Boeing 737-500 ukuthuthukiswa ukuphathwa izindleko yenkampani ayibizi, nokukhiqizwa waqala ngokushesha ngokwanele. Ngemva kokuphela inhlangano yabantwana bakwa-ibhanoyi lokuqala, emkhosini onesizotha - sasiqhutshelwa Januwari 17, 1967. Mayelana Boeing 737-500 Izibuyekezo izindiza ishiywa abagibeli kuphela kodwa izindiza, khuluma ngezinto linokwethenjelwa, ukusebenza kahle, umnotho wokusebenza nenduduzo. Yona futhi le ndiza is kabanzi emhlabeni wonke, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi nomkhiqizi isivele enikeza imodeli entsha ethuthukisiwe, kuthandwa kakhulu.

Boeing 737-500: Salon

Indiza yakhelwe abagibeli 108. 8 wabo - indawo ibhizinisi ekilasini futhi 100 - eklasini umnotho. Elikhulu ngokwanele ukuba emakhazeni, umsindo ongaphakeme ivumela indiza ukhululekile kokuphakathi encane amabanga. Esikhathini indiza kwalesi imodeli kwenza kwaba nelungiselelo lezihlalo, kuye ngokuthi izifiso esiphathiswa emoyeni. yezindiza ngamunye ihambisa izihlalo umgibeli phezu amakilasi indiza ngalokho okuthandwa zabo siqu. Ungashintsha inani lezihlalo ekilasini ibhizinisi - ukwandisa ukuba 50, ngokulandelana, inani lezihlalo umnotho uzokwehla. Thanda izindiza eziningi Boeing 737-500 e izihlalo ezingcono kunezinye zitholakala nje ngemuva nge-business class. Iningi izihlalo gumbi ngekunenta ungatshekisa emuva esihlalweni sakhe futhi ukudonsa phambili izinyawo - lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi eside hola izindiza. izihlalo Passenger wahlela ezimbili kwezihlalo ezintathu ngalinye - liphinde isibe omunye izinzuzo iqhathaniswa nezinye onobuhle, njengoba phambilini, yasetshenziselwa emihlanu kuphela kwezihlalo. I Boeing 737-500 isikimu Ingaphakathi kufana gumbi omkhaya owodwa. Isikhala phambi ophumayo eziphuthumayo kumugqa 12. Lokhu kunika amandla abagibeli ukusebenzisa isikhala emikhulu, ngoba kukhona izihlalo ezimbalwa. izinombolo Kugcine - 22 no-23 - zitholakala eduze kwezindlu zangasese. Abagibeli abakhetha kulezi zindawo babhekana nohlobo ngokuphazamisa ngenxa njalo nabantu bedlula. Indawo ekuqaleni endlwaneni eyakhiwe inebuhle e isabelo sokwaba ukudla neziphuzo - Boeing 737-500 e izihlalo ezingcono kunezinye kukhona phakathi kwababusi phambi gumbi.

izici lobuchwepheshe

Boeing 737-500 imodeli is mfushane 2 amamitha kuqhathaniswa ne imodeli odlule omkhaya owodwa. Aircraft ubude 31 imitha ukuphakama - 11 elingenalutho indiza ifakwe ukala 31.000 kg, esiphezulu ukusuka isisindo - 60500 kg. I speed esiphezulu angakhula Boeing 737-500, kuyinto 945 km / h. Practical indiza range - 5500 km. Amatilosi abanikeze asebenza nabo - abantu abangu-2. Umthamo umgibeli zabantu 108 - uma gumbi ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili - umnotho futhi ibhizinisi. Lapho usebenzisa i-class izivakashi kuphela angazamukela abagibeli 138. Engine - CFM56-3C1, Boeing 737-500 jet - izindiza nge injini jet. Okokhelekayo nomthamo 23.000 amalitha. Ingaphakathi ububanzi idlula 3.5 amamitha. Boeing 737-500 (isithombe kuqinisekisa) ine ukubukeka umxhwele.

Izingozi

Kusukela ngomhla ka-2013, wonke walahlekelwa 174 izindiza Boeing 737-500. Encwadini kuphahlazeka indiza Kushone abantu 3835. Ngenxa yokudlanga kokuxhashazwa eliphezulu le izindiza lathunjwa amaphekula izikhathi 110 noma ngaphansi nezinye izenzo zobugebengu. Ngenxa izingozi ezinjalo zabulala abantu 575. Leso senzakalo esibalulekile kakhulu ekubhubhiseni ingozi izindiza neyaziwayo e-Angola ngo-1983. indiza Angolan Airlines yasha by amaphekula kusuka emhlabathini, okuyinto kamuva yazibiza, washayisa isanda kusuka Lubango Airport. Bonke ababesemkhunjini - abantu 130 - abulawa. Inhlekelele ngobukhulu e isibalo izisulu yengozi wahlonishwa Mangalore. Indiza ka omunye izindiza Indian yashelela, yaphahlazeka kwagqamuka amalangabi ujuqu. Kule ndiza babe abantu abangu-166, 158 babo babulawa, abanye waphunyuka ngalobo busuku.

ERussia, Boeing 737 yaphahlazeka endaweni Perm ngo-2008 - wawa kwaloliwe emzini. Killing bonke abantu ebhodini - abantu 88. Lokhu indiza kwakungekaNkulunkulu inkampani "Aeroflot Nord" okwamanje esiphathiswa ukhonza emakethe Russian ngaphansi igama elisha - "Nordavia". Enye inguqulo engahloliwe yengozi ngo-2008 kubhekwa ukuhluleka lobuchwepheshe indiza - umbono ngesikhathi kwenzeka le nhlekelele, amatilosi wenza imiyalelo ye okuphambene nalokho inkonzo eliwumhlaba. Mayelana lesi senzo abashayeli ezikhonjwe njengoba ingafaneleki. Eminye imithombo ibonisa ukuthi indiza Boeing 737 1990 imodeli iminyaka ibe ebulalayo Control sici - isigwedlo wokubacindezela angakwazi ukulungisa izimo umphumela umhlahlandlela, okungukuthi umshini owenza yonke izenzo umshayeli okuphambene nalokho. Lokhu iphutha akuyona ukutholwa izindiza izinhlelo zangaphakathi, laselikhala akasibonanga ngaphakathi, eqinisweni liziphatha izindiza. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngo-1996 i-Boeing ikhiphe umbiko okhethekile, okuyinto edingekayo zonke izindiza ukuqhuba ukubuyekeza esiyisibopho isebenze yezingxenye wokubacindezela bezindiza ekhishwe ngo-90s. Kukhona inguqulo ukuthi Indiza iphahlazeke edolobheni Perm, eziqhutshwa ngaphambilini ensimini ka China, futhi mhlawumbe novivinyo olunjalo ayizange iphumelele. Nokho, le nguqulo nenhlekelele akuyona olusemthethweni futhi ayibonwa iziphathimandla zikahulumeni njengekhambi eliphambili kweqiniso kuphela.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ezinye izindiza bakhetha ukusebenzisa lwemikhumbi kuphela Boeing 737-500 izindiza. Lezi zihlanganisa inkampani Southwest Airlines - ingumnikazi kuka-500 izindiza. Ngenxa nokwethenjelwa efakazelwe kahle isikhathi yayo izindiza eziningi emazweni post-Soviet Ukhetha lokhu imodeli lokufeza izindiza. inkampani Russian ngokuthi "Transaero", "Aeroflot", "eSiberia Airlines S7», «Utair» nabanye abaningi. Boeing 737-500, «Transaero» - omunye izindiza ethandwa kakhulu-flight ngaphakathi eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. imikhumbi Inkampani emoyeni liqukethe 14 izindiza zalolu hlobo. Futhi, yendiza "Yamal» Boeing 737-500 esetshenziswa ngokwanele kakhulu. Park lokhu yenethiwekhi has eziyisithupha izindiza ezinjalo. Omunye abanikazi elikhulu imikhumbi Boeing 737-500 - «Utair». Lokhu yezindiza isebenzisa 34 izindiza.

A model of Boeing 737-500 kungekho uhlelo osenyameni ngephutha uphethiloli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngesikhathi le ngozi indiza ejikeleza ngaphambi kokwehla ophoqelelwe ukusebenzisa uphethiloli. Esimeni i kokwehla eziphuthumayo kwenziwa mass kudlulwe kuyinsakavukela.

Ukuze yokudweba Boeing 737-500 izindiza - isithombe ethulwa ngenhla - liyadingeka ezingaphezu kuka-200 amalitha kapende, phezu iphele isisindo salo 113 kg.