Biography Griboyedov: amaqiniso athakazelisayo. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo Griboedove Aleksandre Sergeeviche

UMdali ajabulisayo ahlekisayo "Maye kusukela Wit", okuyinto kamuva nje ukuqaqwa izingcaphuno. umngane othembekile we Decembrists, umculi onekhono futhi ohlakaniphile cleverest. Futhi konke lokhu Aleksandr Sergeevich griboedov. Biography isifinyezo njalo liqukethe ulwazi olukha phezulu kuphela. Iphinde uyokwambulwa ulwazi oluningiliziwe ezisekelwe emaqinisweni esemthethweni eye yaqinisekiswa imibhalo ezigciniwe. Bangaki kwadingeka akhuthazelele lo mbhali. Ube nezikhathi ezinzima nezimnandi, acebe izingobe futhi Duels, nakho kwangaphakathi futhi Yiqiniso, uthando ngoba umkakhe osemusha.

Umlobi esizayo Griboyedov. Biography. isithombe

kakhulu Umlando yokuzalwa Griboyedov namanje oyimfihlakalo. Uma uthatha ezihlukahlukene idatha oluchaza, noma ukulandelela amarekhodi Alexander, wayihlukumeza kakhulu masinyane, uba umehluko okukhulu nezinsuku. Ngakho-ke, usuku lokuzalwa kungaba ayisho ngokuqondile, futhi phakathi eziyinkulungwane cishe ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ayisishiyagalolunye nanhlanu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, wokuphila abaningi baqagela ukuthi Griboyedov kwaba engumlanjwana. Yingakho kuba izinsuku olungalungile ngakho lokuzalwa yonke imibhalo yomlando. umndeni likanina ezifihlakele ngamabomu leli qiniso. Ingabe kamuva bathola indoda ngubani wafihla yihlazo lezitho intombazane futhi wathatha ingane yakhe. Wayevamile futhi ukuba abe isibongo Griboyedov futhi wayengomunye walaba ubudlelwane abampofu.

Umama nobaba yomlobi enkulu

Umuntu imfundo encane, umhlalaphansi ezinkulu, uyise kamuva kakhulu kuyaqabukela uvele umndeni, wakhetha ukuhlala kule ndawo. Kukhona ngokugcwele enikelwe bonke ikhadi lakhe umkhakha isikhathi ukuthi kakhulu mpilo Engcebweni yakhe.

Umama ka-Alexander kwaba ngempela intokazi abacebile yizicukuthwane oseye waba nje kuphela e Moscow, kodwa futhi ngoba ezizungezile enhle njengoba wopiyano. Owesifazane izingqongqo kakhulu futhi abukhali, kodwa izingane zabo yahaqwa imfudumalo ukunakekelwa, futhi wabanika imfundo enkulu ekhaya. Rhode lavelaphi Lithuania, baba isikhindi igama Grzybowski. Kwaba ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha, umndeni wathola igama Griboyedov.

Umlando Rich Griboyedov, amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokuphila umbhali kwenza ubuntu bakhe kuyinto engaqondakali futhi ziphoqelelwe lokumba cwaningo yayo nakakhulu.

Iminyaka yokuqala yaleli khulu umbhali esizayo

Alexander ebuntwaneni Wafunda izilimi eziningana kanye, yebo, isiFulentshi. Wafunda ukudlala upiyano. abafundisi wakhe bangabafundisi owaziwa - Petrozilius ukuthi eMoscow University kwaba izinhlu umtapo. Khona-ke Ion Bogdan Ivanovich, owayefundelwa esikhathini eMoscow, futhi owokuqala abathola iziqu zakhe e-University of Kazan. A okwalandela ukhulisa Griboyedov yasekhaya hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ezikoleni kanye emayunivesithi, wahlanganyela Uprofesa owaziwa Boulet. Kusukela ebuntwaneni umbhali esizayo wathutha emibuthanweni ngempela. Sikanye udade nonina wayevame amagama kayisekazi kunalokho owaziwayo Hmelity, elalisendlini sifundazwe Smolensk.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Griboyedovi umndeni babehlobene amagama adumile njengoba Odoevsky, Roman-Korsakov, Naryshkins. A uthando kwaholela ngempela anhlobonhlobo dolobha yezikhulu.

Cala kufundzisa Alexander kancane

Ngo 1802, u-Alexander wangena eMoscow ehostela lasenyuvesi, ukuthola lapho imiklomelo eziningana yokufundisa kakhulu, futhi nanye iminyaka babé ozobhapathizwa kolimi. Ngokutadisha ngokucophelela wesayensi eziningi.

Konke lokhu kuphela Biography bobusha Griboyedov. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo eziphathelene nokuphila umbhali isikhathi kamuva. Into kuphela kufanele kuphawulwe - wukuthi, naphezu nekhono zalo ezinhle ukufunda, u-Alexander enquma azinikele inkonzo yezempi.

Ukuqala umsebenzi lakhe lempi

Kuzoqalwa nge-amaqiniso 1812 oluchaza Griboyedov kuhlobane ngokuqondile umsebenzi wezempi. Ekuqaleni, wayephuza ngasebenza kwabosizo lokuqala ibutho of Saltykov, owachitha zonke ukuwa esifundazweni Kazan, futhi ungazange ivume ibutho. Ngemva kokufa Ukubala lokhu ibutho isananyathiselwe umyalo Jikelele Kologrivov. Kepha u-Aleksandru uthola iphini lomlawuli wempi yakhe, elaba oseduze kakhulu Begichev. Futhi hhayi ekubeni ilungu impi eyodwa, Griboyedov lesula futhi ifika ngo-St Petersburg.

Owazana ngemibuthano waseshashalazini nokulotshwa

Yeka okuhlangenwe biography ezithakazelisayo Griboyedov iqala kusukela isevisi State College, lapho ahlangana ne Kuchelbecker ezidumile Pushkin. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uqala ukuxhumana emiphakathini waseshashalazini nokulotshwa kwalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1816, u-Alexander waba ilungu Masonic Lodge, ezazihlanganisa Pestel, Chaadaev ngisho ikhanda ngekusasa lophiko chancellery imperial Benkendorf.

A ezihlukahlukene usongo nemdlalo emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa - konke lokhu kuhlanganisa olunye biography Griboyedov. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo kwalesi sikhathi lempilo umbhali libike ukuthi wayehileleka indaba ezimbi eziphathelene umdansi Istomin. Ngenxa-ke, duel phakathi Sheremetyevo futhi Zavadovsky, nokuyinto eyaphela ngo kokufa kuqala.

Lokhu babeba nethonya elikhulu kubantu umbhali esizayo, uhlala Petersburg, amahemuhemu baba nje babulawa, njengoba omuzi aqala ukusakaza kuye ukuthi wayengumuntu pimp futhi uyiqili. Futhi Alexander Griboyedov, ogama biography kwaba nasici maqondana isibindi isibindi, ukuma bahluleka.

Ukuvakashela eCaucasus

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isimo sezimali kakhulu sawohloka Griboyedov unina, futhi kwadingeka ukuba bacabangisise ngekusasa lakhe. Ekuqaleni 1818 Embassy Russian kwamiswa esigodlweni yasePheresiya. Kepha u-Aleksandru uthola i-aphoyintimenti entsha kuNobhala. Ngokuzimisela wathatha isikhundla esisha nekucala wakwenza ngokuzimisela ukufunda Persian futhi Arabhu, kanye bajwayelane izincwadi ezihlukahlukene eMpumalanga.

Ukufika e Tbilisi, Griboyedov ngokushesha ebandakanyeke Duel nge Yakubovich, kodwa okuhle ukuthi walimala akekho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaphikisi ngokushesha ukubuyisana. Ngokushesha, u-Alexander iba darling General Yermolov, phakathi kwawo kukhona izingxoxo njalo ngokomzwelo ukuthi zibe nomthelela omkhulu phezu Griboyedov.

Life and nomsebenzi Tabriz

Ngo-1819, umsebenzi Russian efika yokuhlala elalisemagcekeni Tabriz. Lapha u-Alexander wabhala imigqa yokuqala edumile "Maye kusukela Wit".

Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi iba biography Griboyedov, amaqiniso athakazelisayo kakhulu ezithakazelisayo ngalo ukuthi umbhali, naphezu intukuthelo namaPheresiya, wakwazi ukuthola ukukhululwa kwe amasosha Russian e nenani abantu ayisikhombisa zimlethe endaweni ka-Tbilisi. A Jikelele Yermolov ngisho wethule umklomelo Alexander Pushkin.

Griboyedov lapha wahlala kuze 1823, bephawula isidingo sokwelashwa eside. Yena, Okwamanje, waqhubeka efunda izilimi zaseMpumalanga nokubhala "Maye kusukela Wit", okuyinto yesehlakalo kuze kufike ekudaleni, ukufunda umngane wakhe Kiichelbecker. Ngakho-ke wazalwa umsebenzi hhayi nje kuphela eyaziwa, kodwa futhi umlando omusha: Griboyedov umbhali kanye umdali omkhulu.

Amazing

Ngo-1823, ngo-March, u-Alexander wabuyela eMoscow futhi wahlangana nomngane wakhe Begichev. It uhlala endlini yakhe ukuphila futhi siqhubeke ukusebenza umsebenzi wakhe. Manje indalo yakhe wayevame ukufunda emibuthanweni tetemibhalo, ngisho isikhulu Vyazemsky wabhala vaudeville ngokuthi "Ngubani unomfowenu, udadewenu eningezwani naye, noma liyinkohliso inkohliso."

Khona-ke, umbhali kuhanjiswe ku Petersburg ngokukhethekile ukuze bathole yokushicilela okudaliwe yabo. Ngeshwa, kwakungenakwenzeka ukushicilela umkhiqizo egcwele, kodwa ezinye izingxenye ziye zanyatheliswa, okwabangela ngendathane ukugxekwa.

Futhi lapho u-Alexander wayefunda ahlekisayo wakhe emibuthanweni kwezobuciko, uthola esiphezulu imizwelo eyakhayo. Kodwa nakuba isikhona zokuxhumana omkhulu, futhi kuhlulekile nesigaba comedy.

Ngakho, ngaqala ukuba izozalwa umbhali omkhulu Alexander Griboyedov, ogama biography manje seyaziwa ukuthi cishe njalo umfundi.

Decembrist Alexander Griboyedov

Kodwa injabulo impumelelo obuqand akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside, Griboyedov ngokuya baqala ukuvakashela imicabango melancholy, futhi enquma uhambo eCrimea, futhi uvakashele Kiev.

Alexander nabo lapha nabangane bakhe - Trubetzkoy futhi Bestuzhev-Rumin, abangamalungu umphakathi osithekile Decembrists.

Zagijima ngokushesha unombono ukubandakanya Alexander, kodwa babengenaso isithakazelo ukubukwa zezombusazwe, futhi baqhubeka ukujabulela ubuhle izindawo futhi wafundelwa zonke izinhlobo ezikhangayo. Kodwa ukucindezeleka akabashiyi kuye, futhi ekupheleni kuka-September-Alexander wajoyina lamabutho ka Jikelele Sonya. Lapha wabhala inkondlo yakhe "The Predator ku Chegem".

Ngokushesha kwabikwa Yermolov Alexander ulibale ngoba unesandla kuvukela, wabalandisa omlobi ngasese. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, ama-Ukuboshwa senzeke kunjalo. Yavela kanjalo-ke Decembrist Griboyedov. Biography emfushane kodwa ngokudabukisayo. Ekuphetheni, u-Alexander wachitha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha, bese awuzange kuphela, kodwa nabo babemenyiwe kulelo reception enkosini, okuyinto bephuthaza yancenga sokuba nabangane bakhe.

I okunye isiphetho umbhali, ngemuva kokubhikisha kwango ayahluleka

Phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala kwehlobo lika-1826 umlobi odumile wawuhlala emaphandleni Bulgarin. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi nkathi enzima, futhi Griboyedov, biography kanye lokusungula okuyinto kulezi zinsuku zigcwele usizi nobuhlungu yokungcwaba ozakwabo ababulawa futhi abadingisiwe, banquma ukuthuthela eMoscow.

Lapha singena obukhulu izenzakalo. Yermolov waxoshwa ngenxa yokuntuleka zamakhono ngaphansi phatha of butho, no-Aleksandru, udluliselwa inkonzo Paskevich. Isikhathi esining impela, Griboyedov, umbhali kanye imbongi manje kwase kubhekene neziqubu imfiva nokuhlasela sezinzwa.

Ngaleso sikhathi, iRussia futhi Turkey babhekene impi eMpumalanga kwakudingeka usomaqhinga okhokhelwayo. Phambili, yebo, u-Alexander, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uye wazikhandla ukuze ithawula. Kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya.

Kuzo zonke izincwadi ngawe Griboyedov (biography, isithombe kanye neminye imininingwane, ezilandisa ekuphileni kwakhe), akunakwenzeka ukuthola amaqiniso mayelana nokuthi kungani lo muntu abanamakhono ngokuphuthuma athunyelwe kuleli, ukufelwa, mission ngaye. Ingabe lokhu ngamabomu inkosi impindiselo ngokubamba iqhaza ekuhlubukeni, lapho egxekwa kuthiwa? Phela, kuvela, nakuba isiphetho Alexander kwaba kakade kuzenzakalele.

Njengoba nokuqokwa kwakhe kulesi sikhundla Griboyedov iqala moping ngaphezulu, ilindele ngoba wayebona ukuthi usezokufa. Ngisho laba bangane bakhe, wayelokhu ethi kwaba khona ukuba ethuneni lakhe. Eyesithupha NgoJuni Alexander kwesokunxele Petersburg kuze kube phakade. Kodwa e Tbilisi uyoba obaluleke kakhulu. Washada Princess Chavchavadze, ayekade eyaziwa iminyaka eminingi futhi babemazi njengowesifazane ingane.

Manje inkosikazi abasha esihambisana Griboyedov, yena njalo wabhala izincwadi kubangani, egcwele epithets lokumangalisako Nina bakhe abasha. Ngo Tehran umbhali kufikile isikhathi kufike uNyaka Omusha amaholide, ekuqaleni konke kwahamba kahle. Kodwa-ke ngenxa impikiswano mayelana iziboshwa, ingxabano zaqala ukuhlasela, kwathi ngo-January 30 ezakhiweni, lapho kwakukhona umbhali omkhulu futhi ohlakaniphile ehlaselwa iqembu labantu ahlomile, liphefumulelwe abefundisi amaSulumane.

Ngakho wabulawa Aleksandr Sergeevich griboedov, biography kanye nekhono lokusungula waphula konke kusenjalo. Futhi iyohlale ukulahlekelwa Irreplaceable.